Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT)

Summary

To determine whether reduction of cholesterol by drug therapy significantly lowered the atherosclerotic coronary heart disease rate in a group of hypercholesterolemic but otherwise healthy men. Total dollars spent on the CPPT from June 1973 were $142,250,000. We do not have a year-by-year breakdown.

Timeline

Start

1973-06

Primary completion

—

Completion

1989-10

Publications

• Background The coronary primary prevention trial: design and implementation: the Lipid Research Clinics Program. J Chronic Dis. 1979;32(9-10):609-31. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(79)90092-4. No abstract available.
• Background Agras WS, Marshall G. Recruitment for the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1979 May;25(5 Pt 2):688-90. doi: 10.1002/cpt1979255part2688.
• Background Rifkind B, Goor R: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT). Drugs Affecting Lipid Metabolism, l5l-l57, Fumagalli R, Kritchevsky D, Paoletti R (Eds): Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, l980.
• Background Knopp RH: Test of the Lipid Hypothesis: The Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (CPPT) of the Lipid Research Clinics Program. Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Atherosclerosis, 509-512, Gotto, AM, Jr. (Ed.): Springer-Verlag, 1980.
• Background Recruitment for clinical trials: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial experience. Its implications for future trials. Circulation. 1982 Dec;66(6 Pt 2):IV1-78. No abstract available.
• Background Gordon DJ, Salz KM, Roggenkamp KJ, Franklin FA Jr. Dietary determinants of plasma cholesterol change in the recruitment phase of the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1982 Nov-Dec;2(6):537-48. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.2.6.537.
• Background Gordon DJ, Witztum JL, Hunninghake D, Gates S, Glueck CJ. Habitual physical activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in men with primary hypercholesterolemia. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Circulation. 1983 Mar;67(3):512-20. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.67.3.512.
• Background Pre-entry characteristics of participants in the Lipid Research Clinics' Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Chronic Dis. 1983;36(6):467-79. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(83)90138-8.
• Background The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. I. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA. 1984 Jan 20;251(3):351-64. doi: 10.1001/jama.1984.03340270029025.
• Background The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. II. The relationship of reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease to cholesterol lowering. JAMA. 1984 Jan 20;251(3):365-74.
• Background Rifkind BM. Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial: results and implications. Am J Cardiol. 1984 Aug 27;54(5):30C-34C. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(84)90854-3.
• Background Gordon DJ, Probstfield JL, Rubenstein C, Bremner WF, Leon AS, Karon JM, Third J, Bryan H, Schwartz L, Insull W, et al. Coronary risk factors and exercise test performance in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men: application of proportional hazards analysis. Am J Epidemiol. 1984 Aug;120(2):210-24. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113883.
• Background NHLBI workshop on the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1985 Jul-Aug;5(4):397-403. No abstract available.
• Background Rifkind BM. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial: results and implications. Monogr Atheroscler. 1985;13:74-84. No abstract available.
• Background Rifkind BM: The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. In Shepherd G, et al (Eds). Lipoproteins and Coronary Heart Disease. London and Glasgow. Blantyre Printing Ltd.:109, 1986.
• Background Gordon DJ, Knoke J, Probstfield JL, Superko R, Tyroler HA. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and coronary heart disease in hypercholesterolemic men: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Circulation. 1986 Dec;74(6):1217-25. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.74.6.1217.
• Background Glueck CJ, Gordon DJ, Nelson JJ, Davis CE, Tyroler HA. Dietary and other correlates of changes in total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic men: the lipid research clinics coronary primary prevention trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 1986 Oct;44(4):489-500. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/44.4.489.
• Background Gordon DJ, Leon AS, Ekelund LG, Sopko G, Probstfield JL, Rubenstein C, Sheffield LT. Smoking, physical activity, and other predictors of endurance and heart rate response to exercise in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Am J Epidemiol. 1987 Apr;125(4):587-600. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114572.
• Background Knoke JD, Hunninghake DB, Heiss G. Physiological markers of smoking and their relation to coronary heart disease. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Arteriosclerosis. 1987 Sep-Oct;7(5):477-82. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.7.5.477.
• Background Bradford RH. Participant recruitment to the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Control Clin Trials. 1987 Dec;8(4 Suppl):31S-40S. doi: 10.1016/0197-2456(87)90005-5.
• Background Gordon DJ, Trost DC, Hyde J, Whaley FS, Hannan PJ, Jacobs DR Jr, Ekelund LG. Seasonal cholesterol cycles: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial placebo group. Circulation. 1987 Dec;76(6):1224-31. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.76.6.1224.
• Background Gordon DJ, Hyde J, Trost DC, Whaley FS, Hannan PJ, Jacobs DR, Ekelund LG. Cyclic seasonal variation in plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial Placebo Group. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41(7):679-89. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(88)90120-5.
• Background Brook JG, Rifkind BM. The Lipid Research Clinics Primary Prevention Trial and its aftermath. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1988;255:7-14. No abstract available.
• Background Siscovick DS, Ekelund LG, Hyde JS, Johnson JL, Gordon DJ, LaRosa JC. Physical activity and coronary heart disease among asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men (the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial). Am J Public Health. 1988 Nov;78(11):1428-31. doi: 10.2105/ajph.78.11.1428.
• Background Ekelund LG, Suchindran CM, McMahon RP, Heiss G, Leon AS, Romhilt DW, Rubenstein CL, Probstfield JL, Ruwitch JF. Coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in hypercholesterolemic men predicted from an exercise test: the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1989 Sep;14(3):556-63. doi: 10.1016/0735-1097(89)90092-2.
• Background Probstfield JL, Rifkind BM. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial: design, results, and implications. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1991;40 Suppl 1:S69-75. doi: 10.1007/BF03216294.
• Background The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Results of 6 years of post-trial follow-up. The Lipid Research Clinics Investigators. Arch Intern Med. 1992 Jul;152(7):1399-410.
• Background Schaefer EJ, Lamon-Fava S, Jenner JL, McNamara JR, Ordovas JM, Davis CE, Abolafia JM, Lippel K, Levy RI. Lipoprotein(a) levels and risk of coronary heart disease in men. The lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. JAMA. 1994 Apr 6;271(13):999-1003. doi: 10.1001/jama.1994.03510370051031.
• Background Morris DL, Kritchevsky SB, Davis CE. Serum carotenoids and coronary heart disease. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial and Follow-up Study. JAMA. 1994 Nov 9;272(18):1439-41. doi: 10.1001/jama.272.18.1439.
• Background Participant recruitment to the Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. J Chronic Dis. 1983;36(6):451-65. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(83)90137-6.
• Background Probstfield JL, Russell ML, Henske JC, Reardon RJ, Insull W Jr. Successful program for recovery of dropouts to a clinical trial. Am J Med. 1986 May;80(5):777-84. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(86)90615-7.
• Wanis KN, Madenci AL, Hernan MA, Murray EJ. Adjusting for adherence in randomized trials when adherence is measured as a continuous variable: An application to the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial. Clin Trials. 2020 Oct;17(5):570-575. doi: 10.1177/1740774520920893. Epub 2020 May 15.

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