Radiation Therapy, Surgery, and Chemotherapy in Treating Patients With Rectal Cancer That Can Be Surgically Removed

Summary

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Combining more than one drug, giving the drugs in different ways, and combining radiation therapy and surgery with chemotherapy may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare radiation therapy alone before surgery with radiation therapy plus fluorouracil and leucovorin before surgery, with and without fluorouracil and leucovorin after surgery in patients with rectal cancer that can be surgically removed.

Timeline

Start

1993-04

Primary completion

2003-03

Completion

2016-01

Outcome

Missed primary endpoint

paper There was no significant difference in overall survival between the groups that received chemotherapy preoperatively (P=0.84) and those that received it postoperatively (P=0.12). PMID 16971718 ↗

Publications

• Background Bonnetain F, Bosset JF, Gerard JP, Calais G, Conroy T, Mineur L, Bouche O, Maingon P, Chapet O, Radosevic-Jelic L, Methy N, Collette L. What is the clinical benefit of preoperative chemoradiotherapy with 5FU/leucovorin for T3-4 rectal cancer in a pooled analysis of EORTC 22921 and FFCD 9203 trials: surrogacy in question? Eur J Cancer. 2012 Aug;48(12):1781-90. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2012.03.016. Epub 2012 Apr 14.
• Background den Dulk M, Putter H, Collette L, Marijnen CAM, Folkesson J, Bosset JF, Rodel C, Bujko K, Pahlman L, van de Velde CJH. The abdominoperineal resection itself is associated with an adverse outcome: the European experience based on a pooled analysis of five European randomised clinical trials on rectal cancer. Eur J Cancer. 2009 May;45(7):1175-1183. doi: 10.1016/j.ejca.2008.11.039. Epub 2009 Jan 6.
• Results Monnien F, Zaki H, Borg C, Mougin C, Bosset JF, Mercier M, Arbez-Gindre F, Kantelip B. Prognostic value of phosphorylated STAT3 in advanced rectal cancer: a study from 104 French patients included in the EORTC 22921 trial. J Clin Pathol. 2010 Oct;63(10):873-8. doi: 10.1136/jcp.2010.076414.
• Results Tiv M, Puyraveau M, Mineur L, Calais G, Maingon P, Bardet E, Mercier M, Bosset JF. Long-term quality of life in patients with rectal cancer treated with preoperative (chemo)-radiotherapy within a randomized trial. Cancer Radiother. 2010 Oct;14(6-7):530-4. doi: 10.1016/j.canrad.2010.06.017. Epub 2010 Aug 24.
• Results Collette L, Bosset JF, den Dulk M, Nguyen F, Mineur L, Maingon P, Radosevic-Jelic L, Pierart M, Calais G; European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Radiation Oncology Group. Patients with curative resection of cT3-4 rectal cancer after preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy: does anybody benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy? A trial of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Radiation Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2007 Oct 1;25(28):4379-86. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2007.11.9685.
• Results Bosset JF, Collette L, Calais G, Mineur L, Maingon P, Radosevic-Jelic L, Daban A, Bardet E, Beny A, Ollier JC; EORTC Radiotherapy Group Trial 22921. Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Sep 14;355(11):1114-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa060829.
• Results Bosset J, Calais G, Mineur L, et al.: Preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer: role and place of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Final results of the EORTC 22921 phase III trial. [Abstract] American Society of Clinical Oncology 2005 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium, 27-29 January 2005, Miami, Florida. A-255, 2005.
• Results Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, et al.: Preoperative radiation (Preop RT) in rectal cancer: effect and timing of additional chemotherapy (CT) 5-year results of the EORTC 22921 trial. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 23 (Suppl 16): A-3505, 247s, 2005.
• Results Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, Maingon P, Radosevic-Jelic L, Daban A, Bardet E, Beny A, Briffaux A, Collette L. Enhanced tumorocidal effect of chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: preliminary results--EORTC 22921. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug 20;23(24):5620-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2005.02.113. Epub 2005 Jul 11.
• Results Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, et al.: Does the addition of chemotherapy (CT) to preoperative radiotherapy (preopRT) increase the pathological response in patients with resected rectal cancer: report of the 22921 EORTC phase III trial. [Abstract] J Clin Oncol 22 (Suppl 14): A-3504, 246, 2004.
• Results Bosset JF, Calais G, Daban A, et al.: Does the addition of chemotherapy to preoperative radiation increase acute toxicity in patients with rectal cancer: report of 22921 EORTC phase III trial . [Abstract] Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 22: A-1179, 2003.
• Results Kouloulias VE, Bosset JF, van Tienhoven G, Davis BJ, Pierart M, Poortmans P; EORTC Radiotherapy Group. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Quality assurance in the EORTC 22921 trial on preoperative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for resectable rectal cancer: evaluation of the individual case review procedure. Eur J Cancer. 2002 Sep;38(14):1849-56. doi: 10.1016/s0959-8049(02)00174-0.
• Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur L, Maingon P, Stojanovic-Rundic S, Bensadoun RJ, Bardet E, Beny A, Ollier JC, Bolla M, Marchal D, Van Laethem JL, Klein V, Giralt J, Clavere P, Glanzmann C, Cellier P, Collette L; EORTC Radiation Oncology Group. Fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy after preoperative chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer: long-term results of the EORTC 22921 randomised study. Lancet Oncol. 2014 Feb;15(2):184-90. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70599-0. Epub 2014 Jan 17.

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