Ketoconazole Plus Docetaxel to Treat Prostate Cancer

Summary

This study will determine the maximum dose of docetaxel that can be given safely in combination with ketoconazole for treating advanced prostate cancer. Docetaxel is approved for the treatment of several other types of cancers; ketoconazole is an approved antifungal medication that is also commonly used in high doses to treat prostate cancer. Patients 18 years of age and older with advanced prostate cancer that does not respond to hormone therapy may be eligible for this study. Candidates will be screened with blood tests to evaluate liver, kidney and other organ function and with x-rays, scans, or other imaging tests to determine the extent of disease. Participants will take the following medications: * Docetaxel daily, infused through a vein over 30 minutes, in 4-week cycles-3 consecutive weeks of drug followed by one week of rest * Dexamethasone, 12 hours and 1 hour before and 12 hours after docetaxel infusions to help prevent fluid retention caused by the docetaxel * Ketoconazole, 3 times a day * Hydrocortisone, twice a day to replace a loss of natural steroids caused by the ketoconazole Patients will be hospitalized 1 to 2 days each for the first and second doses of docetaxel to allow for frequent blood draws to measure blood levels of the drug. Ketoconazole will be started about 2 weeks after the first dose of docetaxel and the second dose of docetaxel will be given 2 days after that. In order to determine the maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel, the first few patients in the study will be given a low dose of the drug, and subsequent patients will get increasingly higher doses until unacceptable side effects occur. Because prostate cancer cells may grow if exposed to testosterone, patients may have to have their testosterone production suppressed either surgically (removal of the testicles) or medically with an injection of leuprolide or goserelin, which are luteinizing hormone-release hormone agonists that reduce the amount of testosterone. Imaging studies, such as x-rays, bone scans or computed tomography (CT) scans, will be done about every 3 months to examine how the tumor is responding to therapy. After six treatment cycles, patients will have monthly chest x-rays to check for fluid around the lining of the lungs, which may occur as a result of docetaxel therapy. Treatment is expected to continue for at least 3 to 6 months, although this time could be shortened or extended depending on the tumor response to therapy or side effects of the drugs. Patients who do not experience bad side effects and whose tumor does not grow during the first 3 treatment cycles will continue treatment; those who experience unacceptable side effects will be taken off the study. ...

Timeline

Start

2002-03-19

Primary completion

—

Completion

2011-06-13

Publications

• Background Bissery MC, Guenard D, Gueritte-Voegelein F, Lavelle F. Experimental antitumor activity of taxotere (RP 56976, NSC 628503), a taxol analogue. Cancer Res. 1991 Sep 15;51(18):4845-52.
• Background Crawford ED, Eisenberger MA, McLeod DG, Spaulding JT, Benson R, Dorr FA, Blumenstein BA, Davis MA, Goodman PJ. A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 1989 Aug 17;321(7):419-24. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198908173210702.
• Background Bubley GJ, Carducci M, Dahut W, Dawson N, Daliani D, Eisenberger M, Figg WD, Freidlin B, Halabi S, Hudes G, Hussain M, Kaplan R, Myers C, Oh W, Petrylak DP, Reed E, Roth B, Sartor O, Scher H, Simons J, Sinibaldi V, Small EJ, Smith MR, Trump DL, Wilding G, et al. Eligibility and response guidelines for phase II clinical trials in androgen-independent prostate cancer: recommendations from the Prostate-Specific Antigen Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999 Nov;17(11):3461-7. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.11.3461.
• Sissung TM, Danesi R, Kirkland CT, Baum CE, Ockers SB, Stein EV, Venzon D, Price DK, Figg WD. Estrogen receptor alpha and aromatase polymorphisms affect risk, prognosis, and therapeutic outcome in men with castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with docetaxel-based therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Feb;96(2):E368-72. doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2070. Epub 2010 Nov 24.

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