Study of TA-NIC to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of the Vaccine as an Aid to Smoking Cessation

Summary

Over 1 billion people worldwide smoke, resulting in an estimated 4 million deaths annually from smoking-related disease.1 Persistent and long-term smoking leads to an increased risk of cardiovascular damage, respiratory disease, and a higher incidence of a variety of cancers; but for smokers who can quit there is an immediate and significant beneficial impact on their health and life expectancy. Cigarette smoking remains the leading preventable cause of death in the United States (US), accounting for approximately 1 of every 5 deaths (438,000 people) each year. This Phase 2 study will investigate the efficacy and tolerability of 2 doses of TA-NIC compared to placebo as an aid to smoking cessation in smokers who are motivated to quit.

Timeline

Start

2007-05

Primary completion

2008-12

Completion

2009-02

Publications

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• Background Malin DH, Lake JR, Lin A, Saldana M, Balch L, Irvin ML, Chandrasekara H, Alvarado CL, Hieda Y, Keyler DE, Pentel PR, Ennifar S, Basham LE, Naso R, Fattom A. Passive immunization against nicotine prevents nicotine alleviation of nicotine abstinence syndrome. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2001 Jan;68(1):87-92. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(00)00436-6.
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• Background Hurt RD, Sachs DP, Glover ED, Offord KP, Johnston JA, Dale LC, Khayrallah MA, Schroeder DR, Glover PN, Sullivan CR, Croghan IT, Sullivan PM. A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 23;337(17):1195-202. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199710233371703.
• Background Hays JT, Hurt RD, Rigotti NA, Niaura R, Gonzales D, Durcan MJ, Sachs DP, Wolter TD, Buist AS, Johnston JA, White JD. Sustained-release bupropion for pharmacologic relapse prevention after smoking cessation. a randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2001 Sep 18;135(6):423-33. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-135-6-200109180-00011.
• Background Brauer LH, Behm FM, Lane JD, Westman EC, Perkins C, Rose JE. Individual differences in smoking reward from de-nicotinized cigarettes. Nicotine Tob Res. 2001 May;3(2):101-9. doi: 10.1080/14622200123249.
• Background Rose JE, Behm FM, Westman EC, Levin ED, Stein RM, Ripka GV. Mecamylamine combined with nicotine skin patch facilitates smoking cessation beyond nicotine patch treatment alone. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1994 Jul;56(1):86-99. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1994.105.
• Background Rose JE, Behm FM, Westman EC. Nicotine-mecamylamine treatment for smoking cessation: the role of pre-cessation therapy. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 1998 Aug;6(3):331-43. doi: 10.1037//1064-1297.6.3.331.
• Background Cappelleri JC, Bushmakin AG, Baker CL, Merikle E, Olufade AO, Gilbert DG. Confirmatory factor analyses and reliability of the modified cigarette evaluation questionnaire. Addict Behav. 2007 May;32(5):912-23. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.06.028. Epub 2006 Jul 27.
• Background Cox LS, Tiffany ST, Christen AG. Evaluation of the brief questionnaire of smoking urges (QSU-brief) in laboratory and clinical settings. Nicotine Tob Res. 2001 Feb;3(1):7-16. doi: 10.1080/14622200020032051.
• Background World Health Organization; Tobacco Free Initiative: Why is tobacco a public health priority? http:www.who.int/tobacco/en
• Background Fiore MC, Bailey WC, Cohen SJ, et al. Smoking cessation. Clinical Practice Guideline No 18. Rockville, Maryland: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, April 1996. (AHCPR Publication No 96-0692).
• Background National Center for Health Statistics (US). Health, United States, 2004: With Chartbook on Trends in the Health of Americans. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics (US); 2004 Sep. Report No.: 2004-1232. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK20751/
• Background Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tobacco use among adults--United States, 2005. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006 Oct 27;55(42):1145-8.
• Background Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 1994. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1996 Jul 12;45(27):588-90.
• Background Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 Jul 26;51(29):642-5.
• Background CDC. The Health Consequences of Smoking: Nicotine Addiction: A Report of the Surgeon General 1988. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, Center for Health Promotion and Education, Office on Smoking and Health; 1988.
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• Background Westman, E. C., Levin, E. D., & Rose, J. E. Smoking while wearing the nicotine patch: Is smoking satisfying or harmful? Clinical Research. 1992;40, 871A.
• Background Cappelleri JC, Bushmakin AG, Baker CL, Merikle E, Olufade AO, Gilbert DG. Confirmatory validation of the Brief Questionnaire of Smoking Urges. Value in Health 2005;8(3):334.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.