Interleukin-7 (CYT107) Treatment of Idiopathic CD4 Lymphocytopenia: Expansion of CD4 T Cells (ICICLE)

Summary

Background: * Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia (ICL) is a condition in which patients have low levels of T cells, a type of white blood cell that helps fight infection. Animal studies have shown that an experimental drug Interleukin 7 (IL-7), which is named CYT107, can increase the number and function of T cells. CYT107, however, has not been used in people with ICL. Objectives: * To determine the safety of CYT107 in people with ICL. * To determine whether CYT107 will increase the number and function of T cells in people with ICL. Eligibility: * Patients 18 years of age and older diagnosed with ICL and who are at risk of becoming sick because of this condition are eligible for this study. In addition, patients must not be pregnant, or have other illnesses that would cause low CD4 T cell counts, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) infection. Design: * The initial screening visit will include the following examinations and tests: * A complete physical exam and medical history * Blood analysis, including CD4 T cell count; complete blood count and additional blood tests to determine clotting ability and blood composition; thyroid, liver, kidney, and pancreatic function tests; HIV and HTLV tests; and tests for anti-IL-7 antibodies that block normal IL-7 activity * Routine urine test * Urine or blood pregnancy test for women * Chest X-ray * Electrocardiogram * Spleen ultrasound. * The baseline visit will include blood tests to determine levels of each of the major types of antibodies, a test of genetic background, and more detailed CD4 and protein analysis. In addition, leukapheresis (a procedure to collect large numbers of immune cells without red blood cells) will be done. Participants will also have the option of having colon and lymph node biopsies. * The schedule will be as follows: * Weeks 1, 2, and 3 (Cycle 1): Three weekly IL-7 dosing visits. * Weeks 5, 8, and 12: Follow-up visits. * Weeks 24, 25, and 26 (Cycle 2): Three more weekly IL-7 dosing visits. * Weeks 28, 31, and 35: Follow-up visits. * Week 48: End of study visit. * Tests conducted before getting IL-7 will be repeated during the IL-7 cycles and follow-up visits to compare with earlier values. Optional colon and lymph node biopsies done at baseline will be repeated 1 6 weeks prior to Cycle 2 and 1 6 weeks prior to Week 48.

Timeline

Start

2009-02

Primary completion

2014-05

Completion

2014-09

Publications

• Background Smith DK, Neal JJ, Holmberg SD. Unexplained opportunistic infections and CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia without HIV infection. An investigation of cases in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia Task Force. N Engl J Med. 1993 Feb 11;328(6):373-9. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199302113280601.
• Background Walker UA, Warnatz K. Idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2006 Jul;18(4):389-95. doi: 10.1097/01.bor.0000231908.57913.2f.
• Background Bofill M, Janossy G, Lee CA, MacDonald-Burns D, Phillips AN, Sabin C, Timms A, Johnson MA, Kernoff PB. Laboratory control values for CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. Implications for HIV-1 diagnosis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1992 May;88(2):243-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1992.tb03068.x.
• Sheikh V, Porter BO, DerSimonian R, Kovacs SB, Thompson WL, Perez-Diez A, Freeman AF, Roby G, Mican J, Pau A, Rupert A, Adelsberger J, Higgins J, Bourgeois JS Jr, Jensen SM, Morcock DR, Burbelo PD, Osnos L, Maric I, Natarajan V, Croughs T, Yao MD, Estes JD, Sereti I. Administration of interleukin-7 increases CD4 T cells in idiopathic CD4 lymphocytopenia. Blood. 2016 Feb 25;127(8):977-88. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-05-645077. Epub 2015 Dec 16.

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Indications