Optimum Immunosuppression in Renal Transplant Recipients.New Onset Diabetes After Transplantation

Summary

New onset diabetes after renal transplantation (NODAT) is a common and severe complication negatively influencing graft and patient survival. Cyclosporine (CsA) and Tacrolimus are the basis of modern immunosuppression. Tacrolimus is superior to CsA in terms of acute rejection and graft function. However, Tacrolimus increases 2 times the risk of NODAT as compared to CsA.

Timeline

Start

2010-02

Primary completion

2014-02

Completion

2015-06

Outcome

Mixed primary results

Stopped: “Terminated: higher rate of acute rejection in the Cyclosporin A group”

registry NUMBER Tacrolimus With Rapid Steroid Withdrawal: % of patients with NODAT: 34.1 (21.6 to 49.5) percentage of participants NCT01002339 ↗

registry NUMBER CsA With Steroid Minimization: % of patients with NODAT: 7.9 (2.7 to 20.8) percentage of participants NCT01002339 ↗

registry analysis (unspecified test); Tacrolimus With Rapid Steroid Withdrawal vs Tacrolimus With Steroids Minimization vs CsA With Steroid Minimization; p = 0.02; Chi-squared NCT01002339 ↗

registry analysis (unspecified test); Tacrolimus With Rapid Steroid Withdrawal vs Tacrolimus With Steroids Minimization vs CsA With Steroid Minimization; p = 0.06; Chi-squared NCT01002339 ↗

registry analysis (unspecified test); Tacrolimus With Rapid Steroid Withdrawal vs Tacrolimus With Steroids Minimization vs CsA With Steroid Minimization; p = 0.9; Chi-squared NCT01002339 ↗

Publications

• Background Porrini E, Gomez MD, Alvarez A, Cobo M, Gonzalez-Posada JM, Perez L, Hortal L, Garcia JJ, Dolores Checa M, Morales A, Hernandez D, Torres A. Glycated haemoglobin levels are related to chronic subclinical inflammation in renal transplant recipients without pre-existing or new onset diabetes. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007 Jul;22(7):1994-9. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfm067. Epub 2007 Mar 29.
• Background Alvarez A, Fernandez J, Porrini E, Delgado P, Pitti S, Vega MJ, Gonzalez-Posada JM, Rodriguez A, Perez L, Marrero D, Luis D, Velazquez S, Hernandez D, Salido E, Torres A. Carotid atheromatosis in nondiabetic renal transplant recipients: the role of prediabetic glucose homeostasis alterations. Transplantation. 2007 Oct 15;84(7):870-5. doi: 10.1097/01.tp.0000284462.70064.ae.
• Background Hernandez D, Miquel R, Porrini E, Fernandez A, Gonzalez-Posada JM, Hortal L, Checa MD, Rodriguez A, Garcia JJ, Rufino M, Torres A. Randomized controlled study comparing reduced calcineurin inhibitors exposure versus standard cyclosporine-based immunosuppression. Transplantation. 2007 Sep 27;84(6):706-14. doi: 10.1097/01.tp.0000282872.17024.b7.
• Background Porrini E, Delgado P, Alvarez A, Cobo M, Perez L, Gonzalez-Posada JM, Hortal L, Gallego R, Garcia JJ, Checa M, Morales A, Salido E, Hernandez D, Torres A. The combined effect of pre-transplant triglyceride levels and the type of calcineurin inhibitor in predicting the risk of new onset diabetes after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008 Apr;23(4):1436-41. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfm762. Epub 2007 Nov 19.
• Background Porrini E, Moreno JM, Osuna A, Benitez R, Lampreabe I, Diaz JM, Silva I, Dominguez R, Gonzalez-Cotorruelo J, Bayes B, Lauzurica R, Ibernon M, Moreso F, Delgado P, Torres A. Prediabetes in patients receiving tacrolimus in the first year after kidney transplantation: a prospective and multicenter study. Transplantation. 2008 Apr 27;85(8):1133-8. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e31816b16bd.
• Background Bayes B, Moreso F, Benitez R, Torres A, Diaz JM, Granada ML, Lauzurica R, Pastor MC, Teixido J. [Post-transplant diabetes mellitus depending on the pre-transplant dialysis technique]. Nefrologia. 2008;28 Suppl 6:97-102. Spanish.
• Background Porrini E, Bayes B, Diaz JM, Ibernon M, Benitez R, Dominguez R, Moreno JM, Delgado P, Lauzurica R, Silva I, Moreso F, Lampreabe I, Arias M, Osuna A, Torres A. Hyperinsulinemia and hyperfiltration in renal transplantation. Transplantation. 2009 Jan 27;87(2):274-9. doi: 10.1097/TP.0b013e318191a7d5.
• Background Porrini EL, Diaz JM, Moreso F, Delgado Mallen PI, Silva Torres I, Ibernon M, Bayes-Genis B, Benitez-Ruiz R, Lampreabe I, Lauzurrica R, Osorio JM, Osuna A, Dominguez-Rollan R, Ruiz JC, Jimenez-Sosa A, Gonzalez-Rinne A, Marrero-Miranda D, Macia M, Garcia J, Torres A. Clinical evolution of post-transplant diabetes mellitus. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2016 Mar;31(3):495-505. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv368. Epub 2015 Nov 3.
• Background Rodriguez-Rodriguez AE, Trinanes J, Porrini E, Velazquez-Garcia S, Fumero C, Vega-Prieto MJ, Diez-Fuentes ML, Luis Lima S, Salido E, Torres A. Glucose homeostasis changes and pancreatic beta-cell proliferation after switching to cyclosporin in tacrolimus-induced diabetes mellitus. Nefrologia. 2015;35(3):264-72. doi: 10.1016/j.nefro.2015.05.007. Epub 2015 Jun 27. English, Spanish.
• Background Rodriguez-Rodriguez AE, Trinanes J, Velazquez-Garcia S, Porrini E, Vega Prieto MJ, Diez Fuentes ML, Arevalo M, Salido Ruiz E, Torres A. The higher diabetogenic risk of tacrolimus depends on pre-existing insulin resistance. A study in obese and lean Zucker rats. Am J Transplant. 2013 Jul;13(7):1665-75. doi: 10.1111/ajt.12236. Epub 2013 May 7.
• Results Delgado P, Diaz JM, Silva I, Osorio JM, Osuna A, Bayes B, Lauzurica R, Arellano E, Campistol JM, Dominguez R, Gomez-Alamillo C, Ibernon M, Moreso F, Benitez R, Lampreave I, Porrini E, Torres A. Unmasking glucose metabolism alterations in stable renal transplant recipients: a multicenter study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008 May;3(3):808-13. doi: 10.2215/CJN.04921107. Epub 2008 Mar 5.

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	Cyclosporine	Peptide	5 mg/kg	—
Subject	Methylprednisolone	Other / unclassified	60 mg	Intravenous
Subject	Methylprednisolone	Other / unclassified	125 mg	Intravenous
Subject	Methylprednisolone	Other / unclassified	0.5 g	Intravenous
Subject	Prednisone	Other / unclassified	0.3 mg/kg	Oral
Subject	Prednisone	Other / unclassified	30 mg	Oral
Subject	Tacrolimus	Small molecule	0.15 mg/kg	—
Background	Basiliximab	Monoclonal antibody	4 mg	Intravenous
Background	Mycophenolate Mofetil	Small molecule	0.5 g	—

Indications