STOP Study: Effectiveness of Zyban in a Clinical Population

Summary

Despite the significant health, social and economic costs of cigarette smoking, 17% of Ontarians still currently smoke. Use of smoking cessation pharmacotherapy such as Zyban (bupropion HCl) has been shown to double quit rates but such medications are under-utilized by smokers attempting to quit. It has been suggested that the high price of pharmacotherapy may act as a barrier to accessing such treatment.The main objective of this study is to evaluate the methods and effectiveness of providing smokers who want to quit with 8 weeks of free Zyban in combination with smoking cessation counselling through family health teams and community health centres across the province. Hypothesis: Ontario smokers who receive 8-weeks of free bupropion in combination with brief counselling will have higher smoking cessation rates than the standard population cessation rates.

Timeline

Start

2009-10

Primary completion

2015-10

Completion

2015-10

Publications

• Background Alberg AJ, Stashefsky Margalit R, Burke A, Rasch KA, Stewart N, Kline JA, Ernst PA, Avey A, Hoffman SC. The influence of offering free transdermal nicotine patches on quit rates in a local health department's smoking cessation program. Addict Behav. 2004 Dec;29(9):1763-78. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2004.04.007.
• Background Ahluwalia JS, Harris KJ, Catley D, Okuyemi KS, Mayo MS. Sustained-release bupropion for smoking cessation in African Americans: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002 Jul 24-31;288(4):468-74. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.4.468.
• Background Brody AL, Mandelkern MA, London ED, Childress AR, Lee GS, Bota RG, Ho ML, Saxena S, Baxter LR Jr, Madsen D, Jarvik ME. Brain metabolic changes during cigarette craving. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Dec;59(12):1162-72. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.59.12.1162.
• Background Brody AL, Mandelkern MA, Lee G, Smith E, Sadeghi M, Saxena S, Jarvik ME, London ED. Attenuation of cue-induced cigarette craving and anterior cingulate cortex activation in bupropion-treated smokers: a preliminary study. Psychiatry Res. 2004 Apr 30;130(3):269-81. doi: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2003.12.006.
• Background Cokkinides VE, Ward E, Jemal A, Thun MJ. Under-use of smoking-cessation treatments: results from the National Health Interview Survey, 2000. Am J Prev Med. 2005 Jan;28(1):119-22. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2004.09.007.
• Background Durcan MJ, Deener G, White J, Johnston JA, Gonzales D, Niaura R, Rigotti N, Sachs DP. The effect of bupropion sustained-release on cigarette craving after smoking cessation. Clin Ther. 2002 Apr;24(4):540-51. doi: 10.1016/s0149-2918(02)85130-x.
• Background Hughes JR, Stead LF, Lancaster T. Antidepressants for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD000031. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000031.
• Background Hurt RD, Sachs DP, Glover ED, Offord KP, Johnston JA, Dale LC, Khayrallah MA, Schroeder DR, Glover PN, Sullivan CR, Croghan IT, Sullivan PM. A comparison of sustained-release bupropion and placebo for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 23;337(17):1195-202. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199710233371703.
• Background Jorenby DE, Leischow SJ, Nides MA, Rennard SI, Johnston JA, Hughes AR, Smith SS, Muramoto ML, Daughton DM, Doan K, Fiore MC, Baker TB. A controlled trial of sustained-release bupropion, a nicotine patch, or both for smoking cessation. N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 4;340(9):685-91. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199903043400903.
• Background Leshner AI. Addiction is a brain disease, and it matters. Science. 1997 Oct 3;278(5335):45-7. doi: 10.1126/science.278.5335.45.
• Background Lerman C, Roth D, Kaufmann V, Audrain J, Hawk L, Liu A, Niaura R, Epstein L. Mediating mechanisms for the impact of bupropion in smoking cessation treatment. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002 Jul 1;67(2):219-23. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00067-4.
• Background Shiffman S, Johnston JA, Khayrallah M, Elash CA, Gwaltney CJ, Paty JA, Gnys M, Evoniuk G, DeVeaugh-Geiss J. The effect of bupropion on nicotine craving and withdrawal. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2000 Jan;148(1):33-40. doi: 10.1007/s002130050022.

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