BI 10773 (Empagliflozin) Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients (EMPA-REG OUTCOME).

Summary

The aim of the present study is to investigate the safety of BI 10773 treatment in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and high cardiovascular risk.

Timeline

Start

2010-07

Primary completion

2015-04

Completion

2015-04

Publications

• Heerspink HJL, Collier WH, Chaudhari J, Miao S, Tighiouart H, Appel GB, Caravaca-Fontan F, Floege J, Hannedouche T, Imai E, Jafar TH, Lewis JB, Li PKT, Locatelli F, Maes BD, Neuen BL, Perkovic V, Perrone RD, Remuzzi G, Schena FP, Wanner C, Greene T, Inker LA. A meta-analysis of albuminuria as a surrogate endpoint for kidney failure. Nat Med. 2026 Jan;32(1):281-287. doi: 10.1038/s41591-025-04057-z. Epub 2025 Nov 6.
• Odutayo A, Zinman B, Wanner C, Zwiener I, Lund SS, Hantel S, Fitchett D, Udell JA; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial Investigators. Effect of Qualifying Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis Proximity on Cardiovascular Risk and Benefit of Empagliflozin in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. CJC Open. 2024 Feb 9;6(7):868-875. doi: 10.1016/j.cjco.2024.01.013. eCollection 2024 Jul.
• Fitchett D, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Wanner C, Anker SD, Pocock S, Mattheus M, Vedin O, Lund SS. Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2024 Jul 11;23(1):248. doi: 10.1186/s12933-024-02328-6.
• Natale P, Tunnicliffe DJ, Toyama T, Palmer SC, Saglimbene VM, Ruospo M, Gargano L, Stallone G, Gesualdo L, Strippoli GF. Sodium-glucose co-transporter protein 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 May 21;5(5):CD015588. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015588.pub2.
• Hadjadj S, Cooper ME, Steubl D, Petrini M, Hantel S, Mattheus M, Wanner C, Thomas MC. Empagliflozin and Rapid Kidney Function Decline Incidence in Type 2 Diabetes: An Exploratory Analysis From the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Kidney Med. 2023 Dec 18;6(3):100783. doi: 10.1016/j.xkme.2023.100783. eCollection 2024 Mar.
• Balasubramanian P, Kernan WN, Sheth KN, Ofstad AP, Rosenstock J, Wanner C, Zinman B, Mattheus M, Marx N, Inzucchi SE. Baseline Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Coronary Disease Versus Stroke: Secondary Analysis of Cardiovascular Outcome Trials. Stroke. 2023 Aug;54(8):2013-2021. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.122.042053. Epub 2023 Jul 14.
• Dar MS, Wanner C, Marx N, Ofstad AP, Mattheus M, Kaspers S, Beg SA. Cardiovascular outcomes trial data from EMPA-REG OUTCOME, CAROLINA and CARMELINA: Assessment of a novel staging system for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2023 May;25(5):1372-1384. doi: 10.1111/dom.14989. Epub 2023 Mar 6.
• Tuttle KR, Levin A, Nangaku M, Kadowaki T, Agarwal R, Hauske SJ, Elsasser A, Ritter I, Steubl D, Wanner C, Wheeler DC. Safety of Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Pooled Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Diabetes Care. 2022 Jun 2;45(6):1445-1452. doi: 10.2337/dc21-2034.
• Kahl S, Ofstad AP, Zinman B, Wanner C, Schuler E, Sattar N, Inzucchi SE, Roden M. Effects of empagliflozin on markers of liver steatosis and fibrosis and their relationship to cardiorenal outcomes. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jun;24(6):1061-1071. doi: 10.1111/dom.14670. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
• Ruggenenti P, Kraus BJ, Inzucchi SE, Zinman B, Hantel S, Mattheus M, von Eynatten M, Remuzzi G, Koitka-Weber A, Wanner C. Nephrotic-range proteinuria in type 2 diabetes: Effects of empagliflozin on kidney disease progression and clinical outcomes. EClinicalMedicine. 2021 Dec 24;43:101240. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101240. eCollection 2022 Jan.
• Reifsnider OS, Kansal AR, Wanner C, Pfarr E, Koitka-Weber A, Brand SB, Stargardter M, Wang C, Kuti E, Ustyugova A. Cost-Effectiveness of Empagliflozin in Patients With Diabetic Kidney Disease in the United States: Findings Based on the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Am J Kidney Dis. 2022 Jun;79(6):796-806. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2021.09.014. Epub 2021 Nov 6.
• Ferreira JP, Inzucchi SE, Mattheus M, Meinicke T, Steubl D, Wanner C, Zinman B. Empagliflozin and uric acid metabolism in diabetes: A post hoc analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jan;24(1):135-141. doi: 10.1111/dom.14559. Epub 2021 Oct 4.
• Vaduganathan M, Inzucchi SE, Sattar N, Fitchett DH, Ofstad AP, Brueckmann M, George JT, Verma S, Mattheus M, Wanner C, Zinman B, Butler J. Effects of empagliflozin on insulin initiation or intensification in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Findings from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2021 Dec;23(12):2775-2784. doi: 10.1111/dom.14535. Epub 2021 Oct 7.
• Sharma A, Ofstad AP, Ahmad T, Zinman B, Zwiener I, Fitchett D, Wanner C, George JT, Hantel S, Desai N, Mentz RJ. Patient Phenotypes and SGLT-2 Inhibition in Type 2 Diabetes: Insights From the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. JACC Heart Fail. 2021 Aug;9(8):568-577. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2021.03.003.
• Cherney DZI, Dagogo-Jack S, McGuire DK, Cosentino F, Pratley R, Shih WJ, Frederich R, Maldonado M, Liu J, Wang S, Cannon CP; VERTIS CV Investigators. Kidney outcomes using a sustained >/=40% decline in eGFR: A meta-analysis of SGLT2 inhibitor trials. Clin Cardiol. 2021 Aug;44(8):1139-1143. doi: 10.1002/clc.23665. Epub 2021 Jun 15.
• Ferreira JP, Kraus BJ, Zwiener I, Lauer S, Zinman B, Fitchett DH, Koitka-Weber A, George JT, Ofstad AP, Wanner C, Zannad F. Cardio/Kidney Composite End Points: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2021 Apr 6;10(7):e020053. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.020053. Epub 2021 Mar 23.
• Ferreira JP, Verma S, Fitchett D, Ofstad AP, Lauer S, Zwiener I, George J, Wanner C, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE. Metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a post hoc analyses of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020 Nov 26;19(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01174-6.
• McGuire DK, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Wanner C, Fitchett D, Anker SD, Pocock S, Kaspers S, George JT, von Eynatten M, Johansen OE, Jamal W, Mattheus M, Elsasser U, Hantel S, Lund SS. Effects of empagliflozin on first and recurrent clinical events in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: a secondary analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020 Dec;8(12):949-959. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30344-2.
• Ceriello A, Ofstad AP, Zwiener I, Kaspers S, George J, Nicolucci A. Empagliflozin reduced long-term HbA1c variability and cardiovascular death: insights from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020 Oct 13;19(1):176. doi: 10.1186/s12933-020-01147-9.
• Neeland IJ, Eliasson B, Kasai T, Marx N, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Wanner C, Zwiener I, Wojeck BS, Yaggi HK, Johansen OE; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. The Impact of Empagliflozin on Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes: An Exploratory Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Diabetes Care. 2020 Dec;43(12):3007-3015. doi: 10.2337/dc20-1096. Epub 2020 Oct 1.
• Levin A, Perkovic V, Wheeler DC, Hantel S, George JT, von Eynatten M, Koitka-Weber A, Wanner C; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes across KDIGO Risk Categories: Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multinational Trial. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2020 Oct 7;15(10):1433-1444. doi: 10.2215/CJN.14901219. Epub 2020 Sep 29.
• Waijer SW, Xie D, Inzucchi SE, Zinman B, Koitka-Weber A, Mattheus M, von Eynatten M, Inker LA, Wanner C, Heerspink HJL. Short-Term Changes in Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020 Sep 15;9(18):e016976. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.016976. Epub 2020 Sep 6.
• Bohm M, Fitchett D, Ofstad AP, Brueckmann M, Kaspers S, George JT, Zwiener I, Zinman B, Wanner C, Marx N, Mancia G, Anker SD, Mahfoud F. Heart failure and renal outcomes according to baseline and achieved blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from EMPA-REG OUTCOME. J Hypertens. 2020 Sep;38(9):1829-1840. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002492.
• Inzucchi SE, Khunti K, Fitchett DH, Wanner C, Mattheus M, George JT, Ofstad AP, Zinman B. Cardiovascular Benefit of Empagliflozin Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Risk Factor Control in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Sep 1;105(9):3025-35. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa321.
• Ferreira JP, Fitchett D, Ofstad AP, Kraus BJ, Wanner C, Zwiener I, Zinman B, Lauer S, George JT, Rossignol P, Zannad F. Empagliflozin for Patients With Presumed Resistant Hypertension: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Am J Hypertens. 2020 Dec 31;33(12):1092-1101. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpaa073.
• Perkovic V, Koitka-Weber A, Cooper ME, Schernthaner G, Pfarr E, Woerle HJ, von Eynatten M, Wanner C. Choice of endpoint in kidney outcome trials: considerations from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME(R) trial. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2020 Dec 4;35(12):2103-2111. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfz179.
• Kansal A, Reifsnider OS, Proskorovsky I, Zheng Y, Pfarr E, George JT, Kandaswamy P, Ruffolo A. Cost-effectiveness analysis of empagliflozin treatment in people with Type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial. Diabet Med. 2019 Nov;36(11):1494-1502. doi: 10.1111/dme.14076. Epub 2019 Jul 23.
• Butler J, Zannad F, Fitchett D, Zinman B, Koitka-Weber A, von Eynatten M, Zwiener I, George J, Brueckmann M, Cheung AK, Wanner C. Empagliflozin Improves Kidney Outcomes in Patients With or Without Heart Failure. Circ Heart Fail. 2019 Jun;12(6):e005875. doi: 10.1161/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.118.005875. Epub 2019 Jun 5.
• Verma S, Wanner C, Zwiener I, Ofstad AP, George JT, Fitchett D, Zinman B; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Influence of Microvascular Disease on Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2019 Jun 4;73(21):2780-2782. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2019.03.002. Epub 2019 Mar 15. No abstract available.
• Januzzi J, Ferreira JP, Bohm M, Kaul S, Wanner C, Brueckmann M, Petrie MC, Ofstad AP, Zeller C, George J, Fitchett D, Zannad F. Empagliflozin reduces the risk of a broad spectrum of heart failure outcomes regardless of heart failure status at baseline. Eur J Heart Fail. 2019 Mar;21(3):386-388. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1419. Epub 2019 Feb 14. No abstract available.
• Fitchett D, Inzucchi SE, Cannon CP, McGuire DK, Scirica BM, Johansen OE, Sambevski S, Kaspers S, Pfarr E, George JT, Zinman B. Empagliflozin Reduced Mortality and Hospitalization for Heart Failure Across the Spectrum of Cardiovascular Risk in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Circulation. 2019 Mar 12;139(11):1384-1395. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037778.
• Verma S, Mazer CD, Fitchett D, Inzucchi SE, Pfarr E, George JT, Zinman B. Empagliflozin reduces cardiovascular events, mortality and renal events in participants with type 2 diabetes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: subanalysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME(R) randomised trial. Diabetologia. 2018 Aug;61(8):1712-1723. doi: 10.1007/s00125-018-4644-9. Epub 2018 May 19.
• Wittbrodt ET, Eudicone JM, Bell KF, Enhoffer DM, Latham K, Green JB. Eligibility varies among the 4 sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor cardiovascular outcomes trials: implications for the general type 2 diabetes US population. Am J Manag Care. 2018 Apr;24(8 Suppl):S138-S145.
• Inzucchi SE, Zinman B, Fitchett D, Wanner C, Ferrannini E, Schumacher M, Schmoor C, Ohneberg K, Johansen OE, George JT, Hantel S, Bluhmki E, Lachin JM. How Does Empagliflozin Reduce Cardiovascular Mortality? Insights From a Mediation Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial. Diabetes Care. 2018 Feb;41(2):356-363. doi: 10.2337/dc17-1096. Epub 2017 Dec 4.
• Wanner C, Lachin JM, Inzucchi SE, Fitchett D, Mattheus M, George J, Woerle HJ, Broedl UC, von Eynatten M, Zinman B; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Established Cardiovascular Disease, and Chronic Kidney Disease. Circulation. 2018 Jan 9;137(2):119-129. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.028268. Epub 2017 Sep 13.
• Cherney DZI, Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Koitka-Weber A, Mattheus M, von Eynatten M, Wanner C. Effects of empagliflozin on the urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease: an exploratory analysis from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2017 Aug;5(8):610-621. doi: 10.1016/S2213-8587(17)30182-1. Epub 2017 Jun 27.
• Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Lachin JM, Wanner C, Fitchett D, Kohler S, Mattheus M, Woerle HJ, Broedl UC, Johansen OE, Albers GW, Diener HC; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators (Empagliflozin Cardiovascular Outcome Event Trial in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients). Empagliflozin and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at High Cardiovascular Risk. Stroke. 2017 May;48(5):1218-1225. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.116.015756. Epub 2017 Apr 6.
• Wanner C, Inzucchi SE, Lachin JM, Fitchett D, von Eynatten M, Mattheus M, Johansen OE, Woerle HJ, Broedl UC, Zinman B; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin and Progression of Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2016 Jul 28;375(4):323-34. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1515920. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
• Zinman B, Wanner C, Lachin JM, Fitchett D, Bluhmki E, Hantel S, Mattheus M, Devins T, Johansen OE, Woerle HJ, Broedl UC, Inzucchi SE; EMPA-REG OUTCOME Investigators. Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2015 Nov 26;373(22):2117-28. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1504720. Epub 2015 Sep 17.
• Zinman B, Inzucchi SE, Lachin JM, Wanner C, Ferrari R, Fitchett D, Bluhmki E, Hantel S, Kempthorne-Rawson J, Newman J, Johansen OE, Woerle HJ, Broedl UC. Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of a randomized, placebo-controlled cardiovascular outcome trial of empagliflozin (EMPA-REG OUTCOME). Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2014 Jun 19;13:102. doi: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-102.

Drugs

Indications