Dose Finding Study of Post-BMT Decitabine Maintenance Treatment in Higher-risk MDS and MDS/AML

Summary

Brief Scientific Rationale: Decitabine has been shown to be effective for treatment of MDS and associated with very limited extramedullary toxicity at the lower doses. Furthermore, the hypomethylating effects of decitabine require an extended period of therapy and are likely to be more beneficial in the setting of a minimal residual disease after transplantation. The drug might exert a cytoreductive effect on the MDS clone, but ex vivo expansion strategy using decitabine and HDAC inhibitor provides a potential to expand the number of hematopoietic stem cells. There are lots of evidence which showed the the drug have immunostimulatory effects and can be used to enhance graft-versus leukemia effects. And also, some investigator suggested that decitabine could induce FOXP3 expression, promoting the conversion of naïve T cells to Tregs which are known to suppress GVHD while maintaining GVL effect in allo-SCT setting. As such, decitabine is an ideal agent to be investigated in the post-transplant setting. The investigators hypothesized that post-transplant maintenance therapy with decitabine may reduce relapse rate, which may maximize the beneficial effects from reduced TRM of ATG-containing FB4 or FB2 conditioning regimen in higher-risk MDS or AML evolving from MDS patients.

Timeline

Start

2011-01

Primary completion

2014-09

Completion

2015-12

Publications

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• Background Greenberg P, Cox C, LeBeau MM, Fenaux P, Morel P, Sanz G, Sanz M, Vallespi T, Hamblin T, Oscier D, Ohyashiki K, Toyama K, Aul C, Mufti G, Bennett J. International scoring system for evaluating prognosis in myelodysplastic syndromes. Blood. 1997 Mar 15;89(6):2079-88.
• Background Kolb HJ, Schattenberg A, Goldman JM, Hertenstein B, Jacobsen N, Arcese W, Ljungman P, Ferrant A, Verdonck L, Niederwieser D, van Rhee F, Mittermueller J, de Witte T, Holler E, Ansari H; European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Working Party Chronic Leukemia. Graft-versus-leukemia effect of donor lymphocyte transfusions in marrow grafted patients. Blood. 1995 Sep 1;86(5):2041-50.
• Background Cho BS, Kim YJ, Cho SG, Kim SY, Eom KS, Kim HJ, Lee S, Min CK, Kim DW, Lee JW, Min WS, Kim CC. The beneficial effect of chronic graft-versus-host disease on the clinical outcome of transplantation with fludarabine/busulfan-based reduced-intensity conditioning for patients with de novo myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Hematol. 2007 Jun;85(5):446-55. doi: 10.1532/IJH97.A30616.
• Background Kim YJ, Kim DW, Lee S, Min CK, Lee DG, Choi SM, Eom KS, Kim HJ, Lee JW, Min WS, Kim CC. Comparison of 2 preparative regimens for stem cell transplantation from HLA-matched sibling donors in patients with advanced myelodysplastic syndrome. Int J Hematol. 2005 Jul;82(1):66-71. doi: 10.1532/IJH97.A30501.
• Background Kim SY, Cho SG, Cho BS, Kim MS, Eom KS, Kim YJ, Kim HJ, Lee S, Min CK, Kim DW, Lee JW, Min WS. Azacytidine treatment after discontinuation of immunosuppressants in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome and relapse after allo-SCT at a single center. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010 Aug;45(8):1375-6. doi: 10.1038/bmt.2009.355. Epub 2009 Dec 21. No abstract available.
• Background de Lima M, Giralt S, Thall PF, de Padua Silva L, Jones RB, Komanduri K, Braun TM, Nguyen HQ, Champlin R, Garcia-Manero G. Maintenance therapy with low-dose azacitidine after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for recurrent acute myelogenous leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome: a dose and schedule finding study. Cancer. 2010 Dec 1;116(23):5420-31. doi: 10.1002/cncr.25500. Epub 2010 Jul 29.
• Han S, Kim YJ, Lee J, Jeon S, Hong T, Park GJ, Yoon JH, Yahng SA, Shin SH, Lee SE, Eom KS, Kim HJ, Min CK, Lee S, Yim DS. Model-based adaptive phase I trial design of post-transplant decitabine maintenance in myelodysplastic syndrome. J Hematol Oncol. 2015 Oct 23;8:118. doi: 10.1186/s13045-015-0208-3.

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