Effect of Probucol and/or Cilostazol on Mean IMT in Patients With Coronary Heart dIsease

Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the additional effect of probucol or concomitant administration of cilostazol and probucol on mean carotid artery intima-media thickness (mean IMT) at year 1, 2, and 3.

Timeline

Start

2011-03

Primary completion

2016-12

Completion

2017-03

Publications

• Results Manzato E. Scandinavian simvastatin study (4S). Lancet. 1994 Dec 24-31;344(8939-8940):1767; author reply 1767-8. No abstract available.
• Results Plehn JF, Davis BR, Sacks FM, Rouleau JL, Pfeffer MA, Bernstein V, Cuddy TE, Moye LA, Piller LB, Rutherford J, Simpson LM, Braunwald E. Reduction of stroke incidence after myocardial infarction with pravastatin: the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) study. The Care Investigators. Circulation. 1999 Jan 19;99(2):216-23. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.99.2.216.
• Results Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med. 1998 Nov 5;339(19):1349-57. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199811053391902.
• Results Barnhart JW, Sefranka JA, McIntosh DD. Hypocholesterolemic effect of 4,4'-(isopropylidenedithio)-bis(2,6-di-t-butylphenol) (probucol). Am J Clin Nutr. 1970 Sep;23(9):1229-33. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/23.9.1229. No abstract available.
• Results Tomikawa M, Nakayasu T, Tawara K, Abiko Y. Effect of probucol on serum lipoprotein levels in normal and dyslipoproteinemic mice. Atherosclerosis. 1981 Oct;40(2):101-13. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(81)90029-0.
• Results Tawara K, Tomikawa M, Abiko Y. Mode of action of probucol in reducing serum cholesterol in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol. 1986 Jan;40(1):123-33. doi: 10.1254/jjp.40.123.
• Results Kita T, Nagano Y, Yokode M, Ishii K, Kume N, Ooshima A, Yoshida H, Kawai C. Probucol prevents the progression of atherosclerosis in Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic rabbit, an animal model for familial hypercholesterolemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Aug;84(16):5928-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.16.5928.
• Results Ishigami M, Yamashita S, Sakai N, Hirano K, Arai T, Maruyama T, Takami S, Koyama M, Kameda-Takemura K, Matsuzawa Y. High-density lipoproteins from probucol-treated patients have increased capacity to promote cholesterol efflux from mouse peritoneal macrophages loaded with acetylated low-density lipoproteins. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997 Apr;27(4):285-92. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2362.1997.1040657.x.
• Results Rinninger F, Wang N, Ramakrishnan R, Jiang XC, Tall AR. Probucol enhances selective uptake of HDL-associated cholesteryl esters in vitro by a scavenger receptor B-I-dependent mechanism. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1999 May;19(5):1325-32. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.19.5.1325.
• Results Matsuzawa Y, Yamashita S, Funahashi T, Yamamoto A, Tarui S. Selective reduction of cholesterol in HDL2 fraction by probucol in familial hypercholesterolemia and hyperHDL2 cholesterolemia with abnormal cholesteryl ester transfer. Am J Cardiol. 1988 Jul 25;62(3):66B-72B. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(88)80055-9.
• Results Daida H, Kuwabara Y, Yokoi H, Nishikawa H, Takatsu F, Nakata Y, Kutsumi Y, Oshima S, Nishiyama S, Ishiwata S, Kato K, Nishimura S, Miyauchi K, Kanoh T, Yamaguchi H. Effect of probucol on repeat revascularization rate after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (from the Probucol Angioplasty Restenosis Trial [PART]). Am J Cardiol. 2000 Sep 1;86(5):550-2, A9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(00)01013-4.
• Results Tardif JC, Cote G, Lesperance J, Bourassa M, Lambert J, Doucet S, Bilodeau L, Nattel S, de Guise P. Probucol and multivitamins in the prevention of restenosis after coronary angioplasty. Multivitamins and Probucol Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1997 Aug 7;337(6):365-72. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199708073370601.
• Results Anderson TJ, Meredith IT, Yeung AC, Frei B, Selwyn AP, Ganz P. The effect of cholesterol-lowering and antioxidant therapy on endothelium-dependent coronary vasomotion. N Engl J Med. 1995 Feb 23;332(8):488-93. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199502233320802.
• Results Sawayama Y, Shimizu C, Maeda N, Tatsukawa M, Kinukawa N, Koyanagi S, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J. Effects of probucol and pravastatin on common carotid atherosclerosis in patients with asymptomatic hypercholesterolemia. Fukuoka Atherosclerosis Trial (FAST). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002 Feb 20;39(4):610-6. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(01)01783-1.
• Results Yamashita S, Bujo H, Arai H, Harada-Shiba M, Matsui S, Fukushima M, Saito Y, Kita T, Matsuzawa Y. Long-term probucol treatment prevents secondary cardiovascular events: a cohort study of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia in Japan. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2008 Dec;15(6):292-303. doi: 10.5551/jat.e610. Epub 2008 Dec 6.
• Results Bots ML, Grobbee DE. Intima media thickness as a surrogate marker for generalised atherosclerosis. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 2002 Jul;16(4):341-51. doi: 10.1023/a:1021738111273.
• Results Crouse JR 3rd, Byington RP, Bond MG, Espeland MA, Craven TE, Sprinkle JW, McGovern ME, Furberg CD. Pravastatin, Lipids, and Atherosclerosis in the Carotid Arteries (PLAC-II). Am J Cardiol. 1995 Mar 1;75(7):455-9. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(99)80580-3.
• Results de Groot E, Jukema JW, Montauban van Swijndregt AD, Zwinderman AH, Ackerstaff RG, van der Steen AF, Bom N, Lie KI, Bruschke AV. B-mode ultrasound assessment of pravastatin treatment effect on carotid and femoral artery walls and its correlations with coronary arteriographic findings: a report of the Regression Growth Evaluation Statin Study (REGRESS). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998 Jun;31(7):1561-7. doi: 10.1016/s0735-1097(98)00170-3.
• Results MacMahon S, Sharpe N, Gamble G, Hart H, Scott J, Simes J, White H. Effects of lowering average of below-average cholesterol levels on the progression of carotid atherosclerosis: results of the LIPID Atherosclerosis Substudy. LIPID Trial Research Group. Circulation. 1998 May 12;97(18):1784-90. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.97.18.1784.
• Results Taylor AJ, Kent SM, Flaherty PJ, Coyle LC, Markwood TT, Vernalis MN. ARBITER: Arterial Biology for the Investigation of the Treatment Effects of Reducing Cholesterol: a randomized trial comparing the effects of atorvastatin and pravastatin on carotid intima medial thickness. Circulation. 2002 Oct 15;106(16):2055-60. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000034508.55617.65.
• Results Baldassarre D, Franceschini G, Peruzzotti G, Brusoni B, Sirtori CR. Clinical evaluation of probucol in hypercholesteremia: individual lipoprotein responses and inhibitory effect on carotid atherosclerosis progression. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1997 Dec;30(6):784-9. doi: 10.1097/00005344-199712000-00013.
• Results Elam MB, Heckman J, Crouse JR, Hunninghake DB, Herd JA, Davidson M, Gordon IL, Bortey EB, Forbes WP. Effect of the novel antiplatelet agent cilostazol on plasma lipoproteins in patients with intermittent claudication. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1998 Dec;18(12):1942-7. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.18.12.1942.
• Results Yoshikawa T, Mitani K, Kotosai K, Nozako M, Miyakoda G, Yabuuchi Y. Antiatherogenic effects of cilostazol and probucol alone, and in combination in low density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice fed with a high fat diet. Horm Metab Res. 2008 Jul;40(7):473-8. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1065348. Epub 2008 Apr 10.
• Results Park SY, Lee JH, Shin HK, Kim CD, Lee WS, Rhim BY, Shin YW, Hong KW. Synergistic efficacy of concurrent treatment with cilostazol and probucol on the suppression of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory markers in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells. Korean J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008 Aug;12(4):165-70. doi: 10.4196/kjpp.2008.12.4.165. Epub 2008 Aug 31.
• Results Smilde TJ, van Wissen S, Wollersheim H, Trip MD, Kastelein JJ, Stalenhoef AF. Effect of aggressive versus conventional lipid lowering on atherosclerosis progression in familial hypercholesterolaemia (ASAP): a prospective, randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2001 Feb 24;357(9256):577-81. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04053-8.

Drugs

Indications