Magnesium Supplements In The Treatment Of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum (PXE)

Summary

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of magnesium oxide supplements on the reversal of calcium deposits in the skin, and the yellow bumps and folds of skin in subjects with pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE). Magnesium oxide is a dietary supplement that has been shown in some research to reduce these calcium deposits. This study consists of two parts. The first part is a year-long, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Part two is an open-label, year-long study. In Part 1, qualified subjects will be randomized to receive either magnesium oxide supplements or placebo, in a 1:1 ratio for the first 12 months. The starting dose will be 1000 mg daily, and depending on tolerability, doses may be decreased. Baseline evaluations will be comprised of: blood tests; clinical evaluations; skin biopsy; eye examination; bone density test; and photography of skin lesions. Subjects will be evaluated at week 2, week 6, month 3, and then every 3 months during the first year. Upon completion of the first year, barring any safety concerns, all subjects will be administered magnesium oxide supplements for up to one additional year. Subjects will undergo the same evaluations/ procedures every 3 months. We hypothesize that the magnesium oxide will cause a reduction in calcifications in the subject's soft tissue/skin. Funding Source - FDA OOPD.

Timeline

Start

2012-08

Primary completion

2015-03

Completion

2015-03

Publications

• Background Lebwohl M, Neldner K, Pope FM, De Paepe A, Christiano AM, Boyd CD, Uitto J, McKusick VA. Classification of pseudoxanthoma elasticum: report of a consensus conference. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1994 Jan;30(1):103-7. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(08)81894-4. No abstract available.
• Background Neldner KH. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Clin Dermatol. 1988 Jan-Mar;6(1):1-159. doi: 10.1016/0738-081x(88)90003-x. No abstract available.
• Background Clarkson JG, Altman RD. Angioid streaks. Surv Ophthalmol. 1982 Mar-Apr;26(5):235-46. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(82)90158-8.
• Background Renie WA, Pyeritz RE, Combs J, Fine SL. Pseudoxanthoma elasticum: high calcium intake in early life correlates with severity. Am J Med Genet. 1984 Oct;19(2):235-44. doi: 10.1002/ajmg.1320190205.
• Background Martinez-Hernandez A, Huffer WE, Neldner K, Gordon S, Reeve EB. Resolution and repair of elastic tissue calcification in pseudoxanthoma elasticum. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1978 Jun;102(6):303-5.
• Background Sapadin AN, Lebwohl MG, Teich SA, Phelps RG, DiCostanzo D, Cohen SR. Periumbilical pseudoxanthoma elasticum associated with chronic renal failure and angioid streaks--apparent regression with hemodialysis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998 Aug;39(2 Pt 2):338-44. doi: 10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70385-8.
• Background Sherer DW, Singer G, Uribarri J, Phelps RG, Sapadin AN, Freund KB, Yanuzzi L, Fuchs W, Lebwohl M. Oral phosphate binders in the treatment of pseudoxanthoma elasticum. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005 Oct;53(4):610-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2004.11.066.
• Background Blum R, Phelps R, Fuchs W, Lebwohl M. Oral Phosphate Binders in the Treatment of Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum. 64th Annual Meeting American Academy of Dermatology March 3-7, 2006, San Francisco, CA. Manuscript in press J Amer Acad Dermatol 2011
• Background Steidl L, Ditmar R. Treatment of soft tissue calcifications with magnesium. Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc Fac Med. 1991;130:273-87.
• Background LaRusso J, Li Q, Jiang Q, Uitto J. Elevated dietary magnesium prevents connective tissue mineralization in a mouse model of pseudoxanthoma elasticum (Abcc6(-/-)). J Invest Dermatol. 2009 Jun;129(6):1388-94. doi: 10.1038/jid.2008.391. Epub 2009 Jan 1.
• Background Iseri LT, French JH. Magnesium: nature's physiologic calcium blocker. Am Heart J. 1984 Jul;108(1):188-93. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(84)90572-6. No abstract available.
• Background Joffres MR, Reed DM, Yano K. Relationship of magnesium intake and other dietary factors to blood pressure: the Honolulu heart study. Am J Clin Nutr. 1987 Feb;45(2):469-75. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/45.2.469.
• Background Paolisso G, Passariello N, Pizza G, Marrazzo G, Giunta R, Sgambato S, Varricchio M, D'Onofrio F. Dietary magnesium supplements improve B-cell response to glucose and arginine in elderly non-insulin dependent diabetic subjects. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh). 1989 Jul;121(1):16-20. doi: 10.1530/acta.0.1210016.
• Background Rude RK, Singer FR. Magnesium deficiency and excess. Annu Rev Med. 1981;32:245-59. doi: 10.1146/annurev.me.32.020181.001333. No abstract available.
• Background Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Magnesium, Vitamin D and Flouride. IOM Institute of Medicine. 1997 Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
• Background Bashir Y, Sneddon JF, Staunton HA, Haywood GA, Simpson IA, McKenna WJ, Camm AJ. Effects of long-term oral magnesium chloride replacement in congestive heart failure secondary to coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1993 Nov 15;72(15):1156-62. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(93)90986-m.
• Background Urakabe S, Nakata K, Ando A, Orita Y, Abe H. Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis resulting from overuse of magnesium oxide. Jpn Circ J. 1975 Oct;39(10):1135-7. doi: 10.1253/jcj.39.1135.

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