Gene Therapy for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD)

Summary

This Phase I/II clinical trial consists of the application of lentiviral vector-based gene therapy to patients affected by Metachromatic Leukodystrophy (MLD), a rare inherited Lysosomal Storage Disorder (LSD) resulting from mutations in the gene encoding the Arylsulfatase A (ARSA) enzyme. The medicinal product consists of autologous CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in which a functional ARSA cDNA is introduced by means of 3rd generation VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral vectors.

Timeline

Start

2010-04-09

Primary completion

2018-04-09

Completion

2025-09-19

Outcome

Met primary endpoint

paper were significant for both patients with late-infantile MLD (66% [95% CI 48·9-82·3]) PMID 35065785 ↗

release “A statistically significant treatment difference in GMFM – above the pre-specified 10 percentage point improvement threshold established in the trial – was observed” orchard-tx.com ↗

Publications

• Background Biffi A, Capotondo A, Fasano S, del Carro U, Marchesini S, Azuma H, Malaguti MC, Amadio S, Brambilla R, Grompe M, Bordignon C, Quattrini A, Naldini L. Gene therapy of metachromatic leukodystrophy reverses neurological damage and deficits in mice. J Clin Invest. 2006 Nov;116(11):3070-82. doi: 10.1172/JCI28873.
• Background Biffi A, Cesani M, Fumagalli F, Del Carro U, Baldoli C, Canale S, Gerevini S, Amadio S, Falautano M, Rovelli A, Comi G, Roncarolo MG, Sessa M. Metachromatic leukodystrophy - mutation analysis provides further evidence of genotype-phenotype correlation. Clin Genet. 2008 Oct;74(4):349-57. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01058.x. Epub 2008 Sep 11.
• Background Biffi A, Montini E, Lorioli L, Cesani M, Fumagalli F, Plati T, Baldoli C, Martino S, Calabria A, Canale S, Benedicenti F, Vallanti G, Biasco L, Leo S, Kabbara N, Zanetti G, Rizzo WB, Mehta NA, Cicalese MP, Casiraghi M, Boelens JJ, Del Carro U, Dow DJ, Schmidt M, Assanelli A, Neduva V, Di Serio C, Stupka E, Gardner J, von Kalle C, Bordignon C, Ciceri F, Rovelli A, Roncarolo MG, Aiuti A, Sessa M, Naldini L. Lentiviral hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy benefits metachromatic leukodystrophy. Science. 2013 Aug 23;341(6148):1233158. doi: 10.1126/science.1233158. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
• Background Biffi A, De Palma M, Quattrini A, Del Carro U, Amadio S, Visigalli I, Sessa M, Fasano S, Brambilla R, Marchesini S, Bordignon C, Naldini L. Correction of metachromatic leukodystrophy in the mouse model by transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells. J Clin Invest. 2004 Apr;113(8):1118-29. doi: 10.1172/JCI19205.
• Background Capotondo A, Cesani M, Pepe S, Fasano S, Gregori S, Tononi L, Venneri MA, Brambilla R, Quattrini A, Ballabio A, Cosma MP, Naldini L, Biffi A. Safety of arylsulfatase A overexpression for gene therapy of metachromatic leukodystrophy. Hum Gene Ther. 2007 Sep;18(9):821-36. doi: 10.1089/hum.2007.048.
• Background Cesani M, Capotondo A, Plati T, Sergi LS, Fumagalli F, Roncarolo MG, Naldini L, Comi G, Sessa M, Biffi A. Characterization of new arylsulfatase A gene mutations reinforces genotype-phenotype correlation in metachromatic leukodystrophy. Hum Mutat. 2009 Oct;30(10):E936-45. doi: 10.1002/humu.21093.
• Fumagalli F, Calbi V, Gallo V, Zambon AA, Recupero S, Ciotti F, Sarzana M, Fraschini M, Scarparo S, De Mattia F, Miglietta S, Pierini C, Soncini M, Morena F, Montini E, Barzaghi F, Consiglieri G, Ferrua F, Migliavacca M, Tucci F, Fratini ES, Ippolito A, Silvani P, Calvi MR, Clerici A, Corti A, Facchini M, Locatelli S, Sangalli M, Zancan S, Miotto F, Natali Sora MG, Baldoli C, Martino S, Cordoba-Claros A, Moro SL, Gollop ND, Abate J, Yarzi MN, Nutkins P, Shenker A, Calissano M, Brooks J, Richardson A, Campbell L, Filippi M, Naldini L, Cicalese MP, Ciceri F, Bernardo ME, Aiuti A. Long-Term Effects of Atidarsagene Autotemcel for Metachromatic Leukodystrophy. N Engl J Med. 2025 Apr 24;392(16):1609-1620. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2405727.
• Fumagalli F, Calbi V, Natali Sora MG, Sessa M, Baldoli C, Rancoita PMV, Ciotti F, Sarzana M, Fraschini M, Zambon AA, Acquati S, Redaelli D, Attanasio V, Miglietta S, De Mattia F, Barzaghi F, Ferrua F, Migliavacca M, Tucci F, Gallo V, Del Carro U, Canale S, Spiga I, Lorioli L, Recupero S, Fratini ES, Morena F, Silvani P, Calvi MR, Facchini M, Locatelli S, Corti A, Zancan S, Antonioli G, Farinelli G, Gabaldo M, Garcia-Segovia J, Schwab LC, Downey GF, Filippi M, Cicalese MP, Martino S, Di Serio C, Ciceri F, Bernardo ME, Naldini L, Biffi A, Aiuti A. Lentiviral haematopoietic stem-cell gene therapy for early-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: long-term results from a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1/2 trial and expanded access. Lancet. 2022 Jan 22;399(10322):372-383. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02017-1.
• Sessa M, Lorioli L, Fumagalli F, Acquati S, Redaelli D, Baldoli C, Canale S, Lopez ID, Morena F, Calabria A, Fiori R, Silvani P, Rancoita PM, Gabaldo M, Benedicenti F, Antonioli G, Assanelli A, Cicalese MP, Del Carro U, Sora MG, Martino S, Quattrini A, Montini E, Di Serio C, Ciceri F, Roncarolo MG, Aiuti A, Naldini L, Biffi A. Lentiviral haemopoietic stem-cell gene therapy in early-onset metachromatic leukodystrophy: an ad-hoc analysis of a non-randomised, open-label, phase 1/2 trial. Lancet. 2016 Jul 30;388(10043):476-87. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30374-9. Epub 2016 Jun 8.

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	ATIDARSAGENE AUTOTEMCEL	Unknown	—	—

Indications