T-IR- Study to Understand the Effects of Testosterone and Estrogen on the Body's Response to the Hormone Insulin

Summary

The purpose of this research study is to understand the effects of testosterone and estrogen on the body's response to the hormone insulin.

Timeline

Start

2013-06

Primary completion

2015-05

Completion

2017-12

Publications

• Background Flegal KM. Excess deaths associated with obesity: cause and effect. Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Aug;30(8):1171-2. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803313. No abstract available.
• Background Araujo AB, O'Donnell AB, Brambilla DJ, Simpson WB, Longcope C, Matsumoto AM, McKinlay JB. Prevalence and incidence of androgen deficiency in middle-aged and older men: estimates from the Massachusetts Male Aging Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Dec;89(12):5920-6. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-031719.
• Background Yeap BB, Chubb SA, Hyde Z, Jamrozik K, Hankey GJ, Flicker L, Norman PE. Lower serum testosterone is independently associated with insulin resistance in non-diabetic older men: the Health In Men Study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2009 Oct;161(4):591-8. doi: 10.1530/EJE-09-0348. Epub 2009 Aug 6.
• Background Muller M, Grobbee DE, den Tonkelaar I, Lamberts SW, van der Schouw YT. Endogenous sex hormones and metabolic syndrome in aging men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 May;90(5):2618-23. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-1158. Epub 2005 Feb 1.
• Background Li C, Ford ES, Li B, Giles WH, Liu S. Association of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in men. Diabetes Care. 2010 Jul;33(7):1618-24. doi: 10.2337/dc09-1788. Epub 2010 Apr 5.
• Background Smith MR, Lee H, Fallon MA, Nathan DM. Adipocytokines, obesity, and insulin resistance during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer. Urology. 2008 Feb;71(2):318-22. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.08.035.
• Background Smith MR, Lee H, Nathan DM. Insulin sensitivity during combined androgen blockade for prostate cancer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Apr;91(4):1305-8. doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-2507. Epub 2006 Jan 24.
• Background Mauras N, Hayes V, Welch S, Rini A, Helgeson K, Dokler M, Veldhuis JD, Urban RJ. Testosterone deficiency in young men: marked alterations in whole body protein kinetics, strength, and adiposity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998 Jun;83(6):1886-92. doi: 10.1210/jcem.83.6.4892.
• Background Yialamas MA, Dwyer AA, Hanley E, Lee H, Pitteloud N, Hayes FJ. Acute sex steroid withdrawal reduces insulin sensitivity in healthy men with idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Nov;92(11):4254-9. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-0454. Epub 2007 Aug 28.
• Background Klimcakova E, Roussel B, Kovacova Z, Kovacikova M, Siklova-Vitkova M, Combes M, Hejnova J, Decaunes P, Maoret JJ, Vedral T, Viguerie N, Bourlier V, Bouloumie A, Stich V, Langin D. Macrophage gene expression is related to obesity and the metabolic syndrome in human subcutaneous fat as well as in visceral fat. Diabetologia. 2011 Apr;54(4):876-87. doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-2014-3. Epub 2011 Jan 26.
• Background Odegaard JI, Chawla A. Mechanisms of macrophage activation in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Nat Clin Pract Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Nov;4(11):619-26. doi: 10.1038/ncpendmet0976. Epub 2008 Oct 7.
• Background Rubinow KB, Snyder CN, Amory JK, Hoofnagle AN, Page ST. Acute testosterone deprivation reduces insulin sensitivity in men. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2012 Feb;76(2):281-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04189.x.
• Background Ortega Martinez de Victoria E, Xu X, Koska J, Francisco AM, Scalise M, Ferrante AW Jr, Krakoff J. Macrophage content in subcutaneous adipose tissue: associations with adiposity, age, inflammatory markers, and whole-body insulin action in healthy Pima Indians. Diabetes. 2009 Feb;58(2):385-93. doi: 10.2337/db08-0536. Epub 2008 Nov 13.
• Background Weisberg SP, McCann D, Desai M, Rosenbaum M, Leibel RL, Ferrante AW Jr. Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue. J Clin Invest. 2003 Dec;112(12):1796-808. doi: 10.1172/JCI19246.
• Background Xu HZ, Li Y, Zhao YF. [Diagnosis and treatment of osteopathic parathyroid adenoma]. Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2003 Nov;17(6):446-9. Chinese.
• Background Lumeng CN, DelProposto JB, Westcott DJ, Saltiel AR. Phenotypic switching of adipose tissue macrophages with obesity is generated by spatiotemporal differences in macrophage subtypes. Diabetes. 2008 Dec;57(12):3239-46. doi: 10.2337/db08-0872. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
• Background Rull A, Camps J, Alonso-Villaverde C, Joven J. Insulin resistance, inflammation, and obesity: role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (or CCL2) in the regulation of metabolism. Mediators Inflamm. 2010;2010:326580. doi: 10.1155/2010/326580. Epub 2010 Sep 23.
• Background Bastard JP, Maachi M, Lagathu C, Kim MJ, Caron M, Vidal H, Capeau J, Feve B. Recent advances in the relationship between obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2006 Mar;17(1):4-12.
• Background Chazenbalk G, Bertolotto C, Heneidi S, Jumabay M, Trivax B, Aronowitz J, Yoshimura K, Simmons CF, Dumesic DA, Azziz R. Novel pathway of adipogenesis through cross-talk between adipose tissue macrophages, adipose stem cells and adipocytes: evidence of cell plasticity. PLoS One. 2011 Mar 31;6(3):e17834. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017834.
• Background Gilliver SC. Sex steroids as inflammatory regulators. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2010 May 31;120(2-3):105-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2009.12.015. Epub 2010 Jan 4.
• Background Cunningham M, Gilkeson G. Estrogen receptors in immunity and autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2011 Feb;40(1):66-73. doi: 10.1007/s12016-010-8203-5.
• Background Bouman A, Moes H, Heineman MJ, de Leij LF, Faas MM. The immune response during the luteal phase of the ovarian cycle: increasing sensitivity of human monocytes to endotoxin. Fertil Steril. 2001 Sep;76(3):555-9. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01971-9.
• Background Lai JJ, Lai KP, Chuang KH, Chang P, Yu IC, Lin WJ, Chang C. Monocyte/macrophage androgen receptor suppresses cutaneous wound healing in mice by enhancing local TNF-alpha expression. J Clin Invest. 2009 Dec;119(12):3739-51. doi: 10.1172/JCI39335. Epub 2009 Nov 9.
• Background Hildebrand F, Thobe BM, Hubbard WJ, Choudhry MA, Pape HC, Chaudry IH. Effects of 17beta-estradiol and flutamide on splenic macrophages and splenocytes after trauma-hemorrhage. Cytokine. 2006 Nov;36(3-4):107-14. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2006.11.002. Epub 2007 Jan 4.
• Background Qiu Y, Yanase T, Hu H, Tanaka T, Nishi Y, Liu M, Sueishi K, Sawamura T, Nawata H. Dihydrotestosterone suppresses foam cell formation and attenuates atherosclerosis development. Endocrinology. 2010 Jul;151(7):3307-16. doi: 10.1210/en.2009-1268. Epub 2010 Apr 28.
• Background Rettew JA, Huet-Hudson YM, Marriott I. Testosterone reduces macrophage expression in the mouse of toll-like receptor 4, a trigger for inflammation and innate immunity. Biol Reprod. 2008 Mar;78(3):432-7. doi: 10.1095/biolreprod.107.063545. Epub 2007 Nov 14.
• Background Ribas V, Drew BG, Le JA, Soleymani T, Daraei P, Sitz D, Mohammad L, Henstridge DC, Febbraio MA, Hewitt SC, Korach KS, Bensinger SJ, Hevener AL. Myeloid-specific estrogen receptor alpha deficiency impairs metabolic homeostasis and accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 27;108(39):16457-62. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1104533108. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
• Background Kratz M, Purnell JQ, Breen PA, Thomas KK, Utzschneider KM, Carr DB, Kahn SE, Hughes JP, Rutledge EA, Van Yserloo B, Yukawa M, Weigle DS. Reduced adipogenic gene expression in thigh adipose tissue precedes human immunodeficiency virus-associated lipoatrophy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Mar;93(3):959-66. doi: 10.1210/jc.2007-0197. Epub 2007 Dec 18.
• Background Herbst KL, Anawalt BD, Amory JK, Bremner WJ. Acyline: the first study in humans of a potent, new gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Jul;87(7):3215-20. doi: 10.1210/jcem.87.7.8675.
• Background Herbst KL, Coviello AD, Page S, Amory JK, Anawalt BD, Bremner WJ. A single dose of the potent gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist acyline suppresses gonadotropins and testosterone for 2 weeks in healthy young men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Dec;89(12):5959-65. doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-032123.
• Background Page ST, Herbst KL, Amory JK, Coviello AD, Anawalt BD, Matsumoto AM, Bremner WJ. Testosterone administration suppresses adiponectin levels in men. J Androl. 2005 Jan-Feb;26(1):85-92.
• Background Bhasin S, Storer TW, Berman N, Callegari C, Clevenger B, Phillips J, Bunnell TJ, Tricker R, Shirazi A, Casaburi R. The effects of supraphysiologic doses of testosterone on muscle size and strength in normal men. N Engl J Med. 1996 Jul 4;335(1):1-7. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199607043350101.
• Background Tricker R, Casaburi R, Storer TW, Clevenger B, Berman N, Shirazi A, Bhasin S. The effects of supraphysiological doses of testosterone on angry behavior in healthy eugonadal men--a clinical research center study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Oct;81(10):3754-8. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.10.8855834.
• Background Bhasin S, Woodhouse L, Casaburi R, Singh AB, Mac RP, Lee M, Yarasheski KE, Sinha-Hikim I, Dzekov C, Dzekov J, Magliano L, Storer TW. Older men are as responsive as young men to the anabolic effects of graded doses of testosterone on the skeletal muscle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 Feb;90(2):678-88. doi: 10.1210/jc.2004-1184. Epub 2004 Nov 23.
• Background Cuzick J, DeCensi A, Arun B, Brown PH, Castiglione M, Dunn B, Forbes JF, Glaus A, Howell A, von Minckwitz G, Vogel V, Zwierzina H. Preventive therapy for breast cancer: a consensus statement. Lancet Oncol. 2011 May;12(5):496-503. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(11)70030-4.
• Background Leder BZ, LeBlanc KM, Schoenfeld DA, Eastell R, Finkelstein JS. Differential effects of androgens and estrogens on bone turnover in normal men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003 Jan;88(1):204-10. doi: 10.1210/jc.2002-021036.
• Background Belgorosky A, Guercio G, Pepe C, Saraco N, Rivarola MA. Genetic and clinical spectrum of aromatase deficiency in infancy, childhood and adolescence. Horm Res. 2009;72(6):321-30. doi: 10.1159/000249159. Epub 2009 Oct 21.
• Background Campbell KL, Makar KW, Kratz M, Foster-Schubert KE, McTiernan A, Ulrich CM. A pilot study of sampling subcutaneous adipose tissue to examine biomarkers of cancer risk. Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Jan;2(1):37-42. doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-08-0073.
• Background Muniyappa R, Lee S, Chen H, Quon MJ. Current approaches for assessing insulin sensitivity and resistance in vivo: advantages, limitations, and appropriate usage. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Jan;294(1):E15-26. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00645.2007. Epub 2007 Oct 23.
• Background Olefsky JM, Glass CK. Macrophages, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Annu Rev Physiol. 2010;72:219-46. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021909-135846.
• Rubinow KB, Vaisar T, Chao JH, Heinecke JW, Page ST. Sex steroids mediate discrete effects on HDL cholesterol efflux capacity and particle concentration in healthy men. J Clin Lipidol. 2018 Jul-Aug;12(4):1072-1082. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2018.04.013. Epub 2018 Apr 30.
• Chao J, Rubinow KB, Kratz M, Amory JK, Matsumoto AM, Page ST. Short-Term Estrogen Withdrawal Increases Adiposity in Healthy Men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 Oct;101(10):3724-3731. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-1482. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Drugs

Indications