Maternal Antiviral Prophylaxis to Prevent Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus in Thailand

Summary

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is complicated by cirrhosis and liver cancer. In Thailand, 7% of adults are chronically infected by Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The risk of perinatal transmission of HBV is about 12% when a mother has a high HBV load in her plasma, even if her infant receive specific immunoglobulin and vaccine. The hypothesis of this study is that a potent antiviral, tenofovir, can decrease HBV load in HBV infected pregnant women and therefore reduce the risk of perinatal transmission/ Pregnant women participating in this study will receive tenofovir or placebo during the last trimester of pregnancy and two months postpartum. The risk of perinatal transmission will be compared between the two groups. The results of the study will help define policy to manage HBV infected pregnant women to prevent perinatal transmission.

Timeline

Start

2013-01

Primary completion

2016-12

Completion

2018-10

Outcome

Missed primary endpoint

paper 3 of 147 (2%; 95% CI, 0 to 6) in the placebo group (P=0.12). PMID 29514030 ↗

paper the additional maternal use of TDF did not result in a significantly lower rate of transmission. PMID 29514030 ↗

Publications

• Background Jourdain G, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Cressey TR, Hua L, Harrison L, Tierney C, Salvadori N, Decker L, Traisathit P, Sirirungsi W, Khamduang W, Bowonwatanuwong C, Puthanakit T, Siberry GK, Watts DH, Murphy TV, Achalapong J, Hongsiriwon S, Klinbuayaem V, Thongsawat S, Chung RT, Pol S, Chotivanich N. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: a phase III, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy and safety of a short course of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in women with hepatitis B virus e-antigen. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Aug 9;16:393. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1734-5.
• Results Jourdain G, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Harrison L, Decker L, Tierney C, Cressey TR, Achalapong J, Siberry GK, Nelson NP, and Chotivanich N. TDF to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission: a randomized trial (iTAP). Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) Abstract 584LB; 2017 February 13; Seattle, WA, USA. http://www.croiconference.org/sessions/tdf-prevent-perinatal-hepatitis-b-virus-transmission-randomized-trial-itap
• Results Jourdain G, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Harrison L, Decker L, Khamduang W, Tierney C, Salvadori N, Cressey TR, Sirirungsi W, Achalapong J, Yuthavisuthi P, Kanjanavikai P, Na Ayudhaya OP, Siriwachirachai T, Prommas S, Sabsanong P, Limtrakul A, Varadisai S, Putiyanun C, Suriyachai P, Liampongsabuddhi P, Sangsawang S, Matanasarawut W, Buranabanjasatean S, Puernngooluerm P, Bowonwatanuwong C, Puthanakit T, Klinbuayaem V, Thongsawat S, Thanprasertsuk S, Siberry GK, Watts DH, Chakhtoura N, Murphy TV, Nelson NP, Chung RT, Pol S, Chotivanich N. Tenofovir versus Placebo to Prevent Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis B. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 8;378(10):911-923. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1708131.
• Results Jourdain G, Harrison LJ, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Cressey TR, Decker L, Tierney C, Achalapong J, Kanjanavikai P, Luvira A, Srirompotong U, Murphy TV, Nelson N, Siberry GK, Pol S, for the iTAP Study Group. iTAP trial: maternal and infant efficacy and safety results 12 months after delivery. CROI, 4-7 March 2018, Boston, USA. #1316, Oral Presentation O-11
• Results Salvadori N, Fan B, Teeyasoontranon W, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Phanomcheong S, Luvira A, Puangsombat A, Suwannarat A, Srirompotong U, Putiyanun C, Kourtis A, Bulterys M, Siberry GK, Jourdain G. TDF prophylaxis for PMTCT of HBV: effect on maternal and infant bone mineral density. CROI, 4-7 March 2018, Boston, USA. #1174. Poster and Themed Discussion TD-09
• Results Cressey TR, Harrison L, Achalapong J, Kanjanavikai P, Patamasingh Na Ayudhaya O, Liampongsabuddhi P, Siriwachirachai T, Putiyanun C, Suriyachai P, Tierney C, Salvadori N, Chinwong D, Decker L, Tawon Y, Murphy TV, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Siberry GK, Jourdain G; iTAP Study Team. Tenofovir Exposure during Pregnancy and Postpartum in Women Receiving Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for the Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2018 Nov 26;62(12):e01686-18. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01686-18. Print 2018 Dec.
• Results Salvadori N, Fan B, Teeyasoontranon W, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Phanomcheong S, Luvira A, Puangsombat A, Suwannarat A, Srirompotong U, Putiyanun C, Cressey TR, Decker L, Khamduang W, Harrison L, Tierney C, Shepherd JA, Kourtis AP, Bulterys M, Siberry GK, Jourdain G. Maternal and Infant Bone Mineral Density 1 Year After Delivery in a Randomized, Controlled Trial of Maternal Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate to Prevent Mother-to-child Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus. Clin Infect Dis. 2019 Jun 18;69(1):144-146. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy982.
• Results Ngo-Giang-Huong N, Salvadori N, Khamduang W, Cressey TR, Harrison LJ, Decker L, Tierney C, Jullapong A, Murphy TV, Nelson N, Siberry GK, Chung RT, Pol S, Jourdain G. Hepatitis B virus DNA level changes in HBeAg+ pregnant women receiving TDF for PMTCT. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), Seattle, WA, 4-7 Mar 2019
• Results Bukkems V, Smolders E, Jourdain G, Hawkins D, Achalapong J, Kanjanavikai P, Taylor G, Prommas S, Burger D, Colbers A, Cressey TR, for the iTAP Study Team & PANNA network. Tenofovir plasma concentrations in pregnant women: comparison of hepatitis B and HIV-infected patients. 20th International Workshop on Clinical Pharmacology of HIV, Hepatitis & Other Antiviral Drugs. Noordwijk, the Netherlands, 14-16-May 2019
• Results Jourdain G, Traisathit P, Salvadori N, Wangsaeng N, Khamduang W, Ngo-Giang-Huong N, for the iTAP Study Group. Immunization response in infants born to HBsAg+ and HBeAg+ mothers receiving TDF (ID 3681). Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI), Hynes Convention Center, USA, 8-11 Mar 2020, Virtual Conference

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	Small molecule	300 mg	—

Indications