Investigation of the Gut Microbiota in Regulating Nutrient Absorption in Humans

Summary

We propose to study both stool and urine energy loss in 24 individuals on two experimental diets (50% increased and 50% reduced nutrient load relative to body size) in a random cross-over design. Following this over/underfeeding, volunteers will also be randomly assigned to a placebo versus oral antibiotic medication arm. This study will extend our previous findings by investigating whether 1) nutrient absorption changes upon similar increases/decreases in relative nutrient load and 2) whether manipulation of gut microbial communities with antibiotics alters nutrient absorption and 3) how these changes may affect glucose tolerance and fat storage.

Timeline

Start

2014-01-14

Primary completion

2019-03-29

Completion

2019-03-29

Publications

• Background Yanovski SZ, Yanovski JA. Obesity. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 21;346(8):591-602. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra012586. No abstract available.
• Background Weststrate JA, Dekker J, Stoel M, Begheijn L, Deurenberg P, Hautvast JG. Resting energy expenditure in women: impact of obesity and body-fat distribution. Metabolism. 1990 Jan;39(1):11-7. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(90)90141-x.
• Background Segal KR, Dunaif A. Resting metabolic rate and postprandial thermogenesis in polycystic ovarian syndrome. Int J Obes. 1990 Jul;14(7):559-67.
• Results Basolo A, Hohenadel M, Ang QY, Piaggi P, Heinitz S, Walter M, Walter P, Parrington S, Trinidad DD, von Schwartzenberg RJ, Turnbaugh PJ, Krakoff J. Effects of underfeeding and oral vancomycin on gut microbiome and nutrient absorption in humans. Nat Med. 2020 Apr;26(4):589-598. doi: 10.1038/s41591-020-0801-z. Epub 2020 Mar 23.
• Basolo A, Parrington S, Ando T, Hollstein T, Piaggi P, Krakoff J. Procedures for Measuring Excreted and Ingested Calories to Assess Nutrient Absorption Using Bomb Calorimetry. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020 Dec;28(12):2315-2322. doi: 10.1002/oby.22965. Epub 2020 Oct 7.

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Indications