The Peanut Oral Immunotherapy Study: Safety, Efficacy and Discovery

Summary

Determine whether peanut oral immunotherapy (OIT) induces clinical tolerance as assessed after the initial 3 month avoidance period Secondary Objectives: * Identify the basic immune mechanisms which can explain the differences in the effects of OIT in desensitized vs. tolerant individuals. * Determine whether immune monitoring measurements reflecting underlying mechanisms during OIT can be used to predict responses to OIT in individual subjects and, ultimately, to improve the safety and efficacy outcomes in peanut OIT protocols.

Timeline

Start

2014-04

Primary completion

2018-07-25

Completion

2018-09-01

Publications

• Kanchan K, Cerosaletti K, Perry JA, DuToit G, Manohar M, Ling H, Paschall JE, Sanda S, Chinthrajah RS, Nepom GT, Nadeau KC, Jones SM, Lack G, Ruczinski I, Mathias RA. Genetic Determinants of Peanut-Specific IgG4 Levels in the Context of Sustained Oral Peanut Exposure in the LEAP Study. Immunology. 2026 Jun;178(2):280-292. doi: 10.1111/imm.70098. Epub 2026 Jan 30.
• Wang W, Lyu SC, Ji X, Gupta S, Manohar M, Dhondalay GKR, Chinthrajah S, Andorf S, Boyd SD, Tibshirani R, Galli SJ, Nadeau KC, Maecker HT. Transcriptional changes in peanut-specific CD4+ T cells over the course of oral immunotherapy. Clin Immunol. 2020 Oct;219:108568. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108568. Epub 2020 Aug 9.
• Wright BL, Fernandez-Becker NQ, Kambham N, Purington N, Cao S, Tupa D, Zhang W, Sindher SB, Rank MA, Kita H, Katzka DA, Shim KP, Bunning BJ, Doyle AD, Jacobsen EA, Tsai M, Boyd SD, Manohar M, Chinthrajah RS. Gastrointestinal Eosinophil Responses in a Longitudinal, Randomized Trial of Peanut Oral Immunotherapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2021 Jun;19(6):1151-1159.e14. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.05.019. Epub 2020 May 17.
• Chinthrajah RS, Purington N, Andorf S, Long A, O'Laughlin KL, Lyu SC, Manohar M, Boyd SD, Tibshirani R, Maecker H, Plaut M, Mukai K, Tsai M, Desai M, Galli SJ, Nadeau KC. Sustained outcomes in oral immunotherapy for peanut allergy (POISED study): a large, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study. Lancet. 2019 Oct 19;394(10207):1437-1449. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31793-3. Epub 2019 Sep 12.
• Chinthrajah RS, Purington N, Andorf S, Rosa JS, Mukai K, Hamilton R, Smith BM, Gupta R, Galli SJ, Desai M, Nadeau KC. Development of a tool predicting severity of allergic reaction during peanut challenge. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2018 Jul;121(1):69-76.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2018.04.020. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

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Indications