Accelerated Atherosclerosis in High Risk Population Groups: An Assessment by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Summary

The goal of this study is to assess a slimy substance that settles/deposits along blood vessel wall. This slimy substance is called plaque. Plaque could be made up of fat, calcium or both. Plaque deposition narrows the vessels. This leads to decreased blood flow to various parts of body. Blood vessels include vessels that supply to heart (coronary), vessels to brain (carotid), vessels to kidneys (renal) and vessels to legs (femoral). Decreased blood flow causes symptoms such as brain stroke, heart attack, leg pain. Similarly individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease can have certain markers elevated in their blood that can be measured by simple blood tests. High or increased plaque deposition is seen in neck vessels of cancer patients who received radiation to chest or head and neck as part of their cancer treatment. Cancer survivors are at increased risk of plaque development and are therefore called high-risk population. Exercise +/- fat lowering medicine can potentially decrease plaque deposition and statins are one of the several fat lowering medications.

Timeline

Start

2014-04

Primary completion

2017-07

Completion

2017-07

Outcome

Outcome not reported

Stopped: “The study was stopped when the original principal investigator moved to a new institution.”

Publications

• Background Ota H, Yu W, Underhill HR, Oikawa M, Dong L, Zhao X, Polissar NL, Neradilek B, Gao T, Zhang Z, Yan Z, Guo M, Zhang Z, Hatsukami TS, Yuan C. Hemorrhage and large lipid-rich necrotic cores are independently associated with thin or ruptured fibrous caps: an in vivo 3T MRI study. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Oct;29(10):1696-701. doi: 10.1161/ATVBAHA.109.192179. Epub 2009 Jul 16.
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• Background Yeh JM, Nekhlyudov L, Goldie SJ, Mertens AC, Diller L. A model-based estimate of cumulative excess mortality in survivors of childhood cancer. Ann Intern Med. 2010 Apr 6;152(7):409-17, W131-8. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-152-7-201004060-00005.
• Background Dorresteijn LD, Kappelle AC, Boogerd W, Klokman WJ, Balm AJ, Keus RB, van Leeuwen FE, Bartelink H. Increased risk of ischemic stroke after radiotherapy on the neck in patients younger than 60 years. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Jan 1;20(1):282-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.1.282.
• Background Jordan LC, Duffner PK. Early-onset stroke and cerebrovascular disease in adult survivors of childhood cancer. Neurology. 2009 Dec 1;73(22):1816-7. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181c33b10. Epub 2009 Oct 21. No abstract available.
• Background Diller L, Chow EJ, Gurney JG, Hudson MM, Kadin-Lottick NS, Kawashima TI, Leisenring WM, Meacham LR, Mertens AC, Mulrooney DA, Oeffinger KC, Packer RJ, Robison LL, Sklar CA. Chronic disease in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort: a review of published findings. J Clin Oncol. 2009 May 10;27(14):2339-55. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.21.1953. Epub 2009 Apr 13. No abstract available.
• Background Mertens AC, Yasui Y, Neglia JP, Potter JD, Nesbit ME Jr, Ruccione K, Smithson WA, Robison LL. Late mortality experience in five-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. J Clin Oncol. 2001 Jul 1;19(13):3163-72. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.13.3163.
• Background Haynes JC, Machtay M, Weber RS, Weinstein GS, Chalian AA, Rosenthal DI. Relative risk of stroke in head and neck carcinoma patients treated with external cervical irradiation. Laryngoscope. 2002 Oct;112(10):1883-7. doi: 10.1097/00005537-200210000-00034.
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• Background Moser EC, Noordijk EM, van Leeuwen FE, le Cessie S, Baars JW, Thomas J, Carde P, Meerwaldt JH, van Glabbeke M, Kluin-Nelemans HC. Long-term risk of cardiovascular disease after treatment for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2006 Apr 1;107(7):2912-9. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-08-3392. Epub 2005 Dec 8.
• Background Steele SR, Martin MJ, Mullenix PS, Crawford JV, Cuadrado DS, Andersen CA. Focused high-risk population screening for carotid arterial stenosis after radiation therapy for head and neck cancer. Am J Surg. 2004 May;187(5):594-8. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2004.01.014.
• Background Casscells W, Naghavi M, Willerson JT. Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque: a multifocal disease. Circulation. 2003 Apr 29;107(16):2072-5. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000069329.70061.68. No abstract available.
• Background Hatsukami TS, Ross R, Polissar NL, Yuan C. Visualization of fibrous cap thickness and rupture in human atherosclerotic carotid plaque in vivo with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging. Circulation. 2000 Aug 29;102(9):959-64. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.102.9.959.
• Background MacNeill BD, Lowe HC, Takano M, Fuster V, Jang IK. Intravascular modalities for detection of vulnerable plaque: current status. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2003 Aug 1;23(8):1333-42. doi: 10.1161/01.ATV.0000080948.08888.BF. Epub 2003 Jun 12.
• Background Crisby M, Nordin-Fredriksson G, Shah PK, Yano J, Zhu J, Nilsson J. Pravastatin treatment increases collagen content and decreases lipid content, inflammation, metalloproteinases, and cell death in human carotid plaques: implications for plaque stabilization. Circulation. 2001 Feb 20;103(7):926-33. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.103.7.926.
• Background Davies MJ. Stability and instability: two faces of coronary atherosclerosis. The Paul Dudley White Lecture 1995. Circulation. 1996 Oct 15;94(8):2013-20. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.94.8.2013. No abstract available.
• Background Kolodgie FD, Virmani R, Burke AP, Farb A, Weber DK, Kutys R, Finn AV, Gold HK. Pathologic assessment of the vulnerable human coronary plaque. Heart. 2004 Dec;90(12):1385-91. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2004.041798. No abstract available.
• Background Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med. 2005 Apr 21;352(16):1685-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra043430. No abstract available.
• Background Krams R, Segers D, Mousavi Gourabi B, Maat W, Cheng C, van Pelt C, van Damme LC, de Feyter P, van der Steen T, de Korte CL, Serruys PW. Inflammation and atherosclerosis: mechanisms underlying vulnerable plaque. J Interv Cardiol. 2003 Apr;16(2):107-13. doi: 10.1046/j.1540-8183.2003.08021.x. No abstract available.
• Background Libby P. Inflammation in atherosclerosis. Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):868-74. doi: 10.1038/nature01323.
• Background Hansson GK, Robertson AK, Soderberg-Naucler C. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Annu Rev Pathol. 2006;1:297-329. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pathol.1.110304.100100.
• Background Libby P, Ridker PM, Maseri A. Inflammation and atherosclerosis. Circulation. 2002 Mar 5;105(9):1135-43. doi: 10.1161/hc0902.104353.
• Background Stone GW, Maehara A, Lansky AJ, de Bruyne B, Cristea E, Mintz GS, Mehran R, McPherson J, Farhat N, Marso SP, Parise H, Templin B, White R, Zhang Z, Serruys PW; PROSPECT Investigators. A prospective natural-history study of coronary atherosclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2011 Jan 20;364(3):226-35. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1002358.
• Background Bengel FM. Vascular FDG uptake: further steps toward clinical acceptance. J Nucl Cardiol. 2008 Mar-Apr;15(2):154-6. doi: 10.1016/j.nuclcard.2008.01.010. No abstract available.
• Background Croce K, Libby P. Intertwining of thrombosis and inflammation in atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Hematol. 2007 Jan;14(1):55-61. doi: 10.1097/00062752-200701000-00011.
• Background Silvera SS, Aidi HE, Rudd JH, Mani V, Yang L, Farkouh M, Fuster V, Fayad ZA. Multimodality imaging of atherosclerotic plaque activity and composition using FDG-PET/CT and MRI in carotid and femoral arteries. Atherosclerosis. 2009 Nov;207(1):139-43. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2009.04.023. Epub 2009 Apr 24.
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• Background Mitsumori LM, Hatsukami TS, Ferguson MS, Kerwin WS, Cai J, Yuan C. In vivo accuracy of multisequence MR imaging for identifying unstable fibrous caps in advanced human carotid plaques. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2003 Apr;17(4):410-20. doi: 10.1002/jmri.10264.
• Background Yuan C, Mitsumori LM, Beach KW, Maravilla KR. Carotid atherosclerotic plaque: noninvasive MR characterization and identification of vulnerable lesions. Radiology. 2001 Nov;221(2):285-99. doi: 10.1148/radiol.2212001612.
• Background Ridker PM, Danielson E, Fonseca FA, Genest J, Gotto AM Jr, Kastelein JJ, Koenig W, Libby P, Lorenzatti AJ, MacFadyen JG, Nordestgaard BG, Shepherd J, Willerson JT, Glynn RJ; JUPITER Study Group. Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein. N Engl J Med. 2008 Nov 20;359(21):2195-207. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0807646. Epub 2008 Nov 9.
• Background Courneya KS, Stevinson C, McNeely ML, Sellar CM, Friedenreich CM, Peddle-McIntyre CJ, Chua N, Reiman T. Effects of supervised exercise on motivational outcomes and longer-term behavior. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Mar;44(3):542-9. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182301e06.
• Background Ahmed HM, Blaha MJ, Nasir K, Rivera JJ, Blumenthal RS. Effects of physical activity on cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2012 Jan 15;109(2):288-95. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.08.042. Epub 2011 Oct 18.
• Background Williams MA, Ades PA, Hamm LF, Keteyian SJ, LaFontaine TP, Roitman JL, Squires RW. Clinical evidence for a health benefit from cardiac rehabilitation: an update. Am Heart J. 2006 Nov;152(5):835-41. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.05.015.
• Background Pannu N, Tonelli M. Strategies to reduce the risk of contrast nephropathy: an evidence-based approach. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2006 May;15(3):285-90. doi: 10.1097/01.mnh.0000222696.92088.28.

Drugs

Indications