Aerosolized Surfactant in Neonatal RDS

Summary

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), caused by surfactant deficiency, is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants. Intratracheal instillation, the only approved means of surfactant delivery, requires endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation with their attendant risks. Interventions that decrease need for intubation and mechanical ventilation like noninvasive ventilation (NIV) including nasal continuous positive airway pressure, high flow nasal cannula or nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation are increasingly being used for initial respiratory support in preterm neonates with RDS to improve outcomes. Aerosolized surfactant delivered during NIV is an innovative and promising concept for the treatment of RDS - retaining the advantages of early surfactant with alveolar recruitment while obviating the risks of intubation and mechanical ventilation. The investigators overall hypothesis is that treatment of RDS with aerosolized surfactant in preterm infants undergoing NIV is safe and feasible and will result in short-term improvement in oxygenation and ventilation. The objective of this proposal is to perform a single-center unblinded Phase II randomized clinical trial of aerosolized surfactant for the treatment of RDS in preterm neonates undergoing NIV. Funding Source - FDA-OOPD.

Timeline

Start

2014-12

Primary completion

2019-07

Completion

2020-07

Publications

• Background Sood BG, Cortez J, Kolli M, Sharma A, Delaney-Black V, Chen X. Aerosolized surfactant in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: Phase I study. Early Hum Dev. 2019 Jul;134:19-25. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2019.05.005. Epub 2019 May 20.
• Results Sood BG, Thomas R, Delaney-Black V, Xin Y, Sharma A, Chen X. Aerosolized Beractant in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: A randomized fixed-dose parallel-arm phase II trial. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Feb;66:101986. doi: 10.1016/j.pupt.2020.101986. Epub 2020 Dec 16.

Drugs

Indications