Trial to Evaluate the Effect of ALN-PCSSC Treatment on Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C)

Summary

This study is a Phase II, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial in 480 participants with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or ASCVD-risk equivalents (for example, diabetes and familial hypercholesterolemia) and elevated LDL-C despite maximum tolerated dose of LDL-C lowering therapies to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ALN-PCSSC injection(s).

Timeline

Start

2016-01

Primary completion

2017-06-07

Completion

2017-06-07

Outcome

Met primary endpoint

registry analysis (superiority test); Placebo (Single Dose) vs 200 mg (Single Dose); p <0.0001 NCT02597127 ↗

release “For all dose groups, at all time points, differences in the primary (LDL-C) and secondary (PCSK9) endpoints between inclisiran and placebo were statistically significant (p < 0.0001).” alnylam.com ↗

Publications

• Background Abifadel M, Varret M, Rabes JP, Allard D, Ouguerram K, Devillers M, Cruaud C, Benjannet S, Wickham L, Erlich D, Derre A, Villeger L, Farnier M, Beucler I, Bruckert E, Chambaz J, Chanu B, Lecerf JM, Luc G, Moulin P, Weissenbach J, Prat A, Krempf M, Junien C, Seidah NG, Boileau C. Mutations in PCSK9 cause autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia. Nat Genet. 2003 Jun;34(2):154-6. doi: 10.1038/ng1161.
• Background Ashwell G, Morell AG. The role of surface carbohydrates in the hepatic recognition and transport of circulating glycoproteins. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1974;41(0):99-128. doi: 10.1002/9780470122860.ch3. No abstract available.
• Background Banerjee Y, Shah K, Al-Rasadi K. Effect of a monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 on LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jun 21;366(25):2425-6; author reply 2426. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1204929. No abstract available.
• Background Milazzo L, Antinori S. Effect of a monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 on LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jun 21;366(25):2425; author reply 2426. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1204929. No abstract available.
• Background Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaboration; Baigent C, Blackwell L, Emberson J, Holland LE, Reith C, Bhala N, Peto R, Barnes EH, Keech A, Simes J, Collins R. Efficacy and safety of more intensive lowering of LDL cholesterol: a meta-analysis of data from 170,000 participants in 26 randomised trials. Lancet. 2010 Nov 13;376(9753):1670-81. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61350-5. Epub 2010 Nov 8.
• Background Coelho T, Adams D, Silva A, Lozeron P, Hawkins PN, Mant T, Perez J, Chiesa J, Warrington S, Tranter E, Munisamy M, Falzone R, Harrop J, Cehelsky J, Bettencourt BR, Geissler M, Butler JS, Sehgal A, Meyers RE, Chen Q, Borland T, Hutabarat RM, Clausen VA, Alvarez R, Fitzgerald K, Gamba-Vitalo C, Nochur SV, Vaishnaw AK, Sah DW, Gollob JA, Suhr OB. Safety and efficacy of RNAi therapy for transthyretin amyloidosis. N Engl J Med. 2013 Aug 29;369(9):819-29. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1208760.
• Background Cohen JC, Boerwinkle E, Mosley TH Jr, Hobbs HH. Sequence variations in PCSK9, low LDL, and protection against coronary heart disease. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 23;354(12):1264-72. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa054013.
• Background Davidson MH, Maki KC, Pearson TA, Pasternak RC, Deedwania PC, McKenney JM, Fonarow GC, Maron DJ, Ansell BJ, Clark LT, Ballantyne CM. Results of the National Cholesterol Education (NCEP) Program Evaluation ProjecT Utilizing Novel E-Technology (NEPTUNE) II survey and implications for treatment under the recent NCEP Writing Group recommendations. Am J Cardiol. 2005 Aug 15;96(4):556-63. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.04.019.
• Background Dias CS, Shaywitz AJ, Wasserman SM, Smith BP, Gao B, Stolman DS, Crispino CP, Smirnakis KV, Emery MG, Colbert A, Gibbs JP, Retter MW, Cooke BP, Uy ST, Matson M, Stein EA. Effects of AMG 145 on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels: results from 2 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose phase 1 studies in healthy volunteers and hypercholesterolemic subjects on statins. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2012 Nov 6;60(19):1888-98. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2012.08.986. Epub 2012 Oct 17.
• Background Elbashir SM, Harborth J, Lendeckel W, Yalcin A, Weber K, Tuschl T. Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells. Nature. 2001 May 24;411(6836):494-8. doi: 10.1038/35078107.
• Background Foley KA, Simpson RJ Jr, Crouse JR 3rd, Weiss TW, Markson LE, Alexander CM. Effectiveness of statin titration on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment in patients at high risk of atherogenic events. Am J Cardiol. 2003 Jul 1;92(1):79-81. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00474-0. No abstract available.
• Background Foody JM, Sajjan SG, Hu XH, Ramey DR, Neff DR, Tershakovec AM, Tomassini JE, Wentworth C, Tunceli K. Loss of early gains in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol goal attainment among high-risk patients. J Clin Lipidol. 2010 Mar-Apr;4(2):126-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2010.01.007. Epub 2010 Feb 6.
• Background ALN TTRSC-001; EudraCT 2012 004203 12
• Background ALN-TTRSC-002; EudraCT 2013 002856 33
• Background Geisbert TW, Hensley LE, Kagan E, Yu EZ, Geisbert JB, Daddario-DiCaprio K, Fritz EA, Jahrling PB, McClintock K, Phelps JR, Lee AC, Judge A, Jeffs LB, MacLachlan I. Postexposure protection of guinea pigs against a lethal ebola virus challenge is conferred by RNA interference. J Infect Dis. 2006 Jun 15;193(12):1650-7. doi: 10.1086/504267. Epub 2006 May 10.
• Background Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, Brewer HB Jr, Clark LT, Hunninghake DB, Pasternak RC, Smith SC Jr, Stone NJ; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Cardiology Foundation; American Heart Association. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004 Jul 13;110(2):227-39. doi: 10.1161/01.CIR.0000133317.49796.0E.
• Background Hooper AJ, Marais AD, Tanyanyiwa DM, Burnett JR. The C679X mutation in PCSK9 is present and lowers blood cholesterol in a Southern African population. Atherosclerosis. 2007 Aug;193(2):445-8. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.08.039. Epub 2006 Sep 20.
• Background Hooper AJ, Burnett JR. Anti-PCSK9 therapies for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2013 Mar;13(3):429-35. doi: 10.1517/14712598.2012.748743. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
• Background Horton JD, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH. PCSK9: a convertase that coordinates LDL catabolism. J Lipid Res. 2009 Apr;50 Suppl(Suppl):S172-7. doi: 10.1194/jlr.R800091-JLR200. Epub 2008 Nov 19.
• Background Judge AD, Bola G, Lee AC, MacLachlan I. Design of noninflammatory synthetic siRNA mediating potent gene silencing in vivo. Mol Ther. 2006 Mar;13(3):494-505. doi: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2005.11.002. Epub 2005 Dec 15.
• Background Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators; Kearney PM, Blackwell L, Collins R, Keech A, Simes J, Peto R, Armitage J, Baigent C. Efficacy of cholesterol-lowering therapy in 18,686 people with diabetes in 14 randomised trials of statins: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2008 Jan 12;371(9607):117-25. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60104-X.
• Background Morrissey DV, Lockridge JA, Shaw L, Blanchard K, Jensen K, Breen W, Hartsough K, Machemer L, Radka S, Jadhav V, Vaish N, Zinnen S, Vargeese C, Bowman K, Shaffer CS, Jeffs LB, Judge A, MacLachlan I, Polisky B. Potent and persistent in vivo anti-HBV activity of chemically modified siRNAs. Nat Biotechnol. 2005 Aug;23(8):1002-7. doi: 10.1038/nbt1122. Epub 2005 Jul 24.
• Background Mousavi SA, Berge KE, Leren TP. The unique role of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 in cholesterol homeostasis. J Intern Med. 2009 Dec;266(6):507-19. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02167.x.
• Background Nag SS, Daniel GW, Bullano MF, Kamal-Bahl S, Sajjan SG, Hu H, Alexander C. LDL-C goal attainment among patients newly diagnosed with coronary heart disease or diabetes in a commercial HMO. J Manag Care Pharm. 2007 Oct;13(8):652-63. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2007.13.8.652.
• Background Raal F, Scott R, Somaratne R, Bridges I, Li G, Wasserman SM, Stein EA. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering effects of AMG 145, a monoclonal antibody to proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 serine protease in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: the Reduction of LDL-C with PCSK9 Inhibition in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia Disorder (RUTHERFORD) randomized trial. Circulation. 2012 Nov 13;126(20):2408-17. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.144055. Epub 2012 Nov 5.
• Background European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation; Reiner Z, Catapano AL, De Backer G, Graham I, Taskinen MR, Wiklund O, Agewall S, Alegria E, Chapman MJ, Durrington P, Erdine S, Halcox J, Hobbs R, Kjekshus J, Filardi PP, Riccardi G, Storey RF, Wood D; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG) 2008-2010 and 2010-2012 Committees. ESC/EAS Guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: the Task Force for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and the European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS). Eur Heart J. 2011 Jul;32(14):1769-818. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehr158. Epub 2011 Jun 28.
• Background Roth EM, McKenney JM, Hanotin C, Asset G, Stein EA. Atorvastatin with or without an antibody to PCSK9 in primary hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med. 2012 Nov 15;367(20):1891-900. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1201832. Epub 2012 Oct 31.
• Background Soutschek J, Akinc A, Bramlage B, Charisse K, Constien R, Donoghue M, Elbashir S, Geick A, Hadwiger P, Harborth J, John M, Kesavan V, Lavine G, Pandey RK, Racie T, Rajeev KG, Rohl I, Toudjarska I, Wang G, Wuschko S, Bumcrot D, Koteliansky V, Limmer S, Manoharan M, Vornlocher HP. Therapeutic silencing of an endogenous gene by systemic administration of modified siRNAs. Nature. 2004 Nov 11;432(7014):173-8. doi: 10.1038/nature03121.
• Background Stein EA, Mellis S, Yancopoulos GD, Stahl N, Logan D, Smith WB, Lisbon E, Gutierrez M, Webb C, Wu R, Du Y, Kranz T, Gasparino E, Swergold GD. Effect of a monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 on LDL cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2012 Mar 22;366(12):1108-18. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1105803.
• Background Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, Bairey Merz CN, Blum CB, Eckel RH, Goldberg AC, Gordon D, Levy D, Lloyd-Jones DM, McBride P, Schwartz JS, Shero ST, Smith SC Jr, Watson K, Wilson PW, Eddleman KM, Jarrett NM, LaBresh K, Nevo L, Wnek J, Anderson JL, Halperin JL, Albert NM, Bozkurt B, Brindis RG, Curtis LH, DeMets D, Hochman JS, Kovacs RJ, Ohman EM, Pressler SJ, Sellke FW, Shen WK, Smith SC Jr, Tomaselli GF; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. Circulation. 2014 Jun 24;129(25 Suppl 2):S1-45. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437738.63853.7a. Epub 2013 Nov 12. No abstract available.
• Background Sullivan D, Olsson AG, Scott R, Kim JB, Xue A, Gebski V, Wasserman SM, Stein EA. Effect of a monoclonal antibody to PCSK9 on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in statin-intolerant patients: the GAUSS randomized trial. JAMA. 2012 Dec 19;308(23):2497-506. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.25790.
• Background Tabernero J, Shapiro GI, LoRusso PM, Cervantes A, Schwartz GK, Weiss GJ, Paz-Ares L, Cho DC, Infante JR, Alsina M, Gounder MM, Falzone R, Harrop J, White AC, Toudjarska I, Bumcrot D, Meyers RE, Hinkle G, Svrzikapa N, Hutabarat RM, Clausen VA, Cehelsky J, Nochur SV, Gamba-Vitalo C, Vaishnaw AK, Sah DW, Gollob JA, Burris HA 3rd. First-in-humans trial of an RNA interference therapeutic targeting VEGF and KSP in cancer patients with liver involvement. Cancer Discov. 2013 Apr;3(4):406-17. doi: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-12-0429. Epub 2013 Jan 28.
• Background World Health Organization Cardiovascular Statistics, 2011, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs317/en/index.html
• Background Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, McQueen M, Budaj A, Pais P, Varigos J, Lisheng L; INTERHEART Study Investigators. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004 Sep 11-17;364(9438):937-52. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9.
• Background Zhao Z, Tuakli-Wosornu Y, Lagace TA, Kinch L, Grishin NV, Horton JD, Cohen JC, Hobbs HH. Molecular characterization of loss-of-function mutations in PCSK9 and identification of a compound heterozygote. Am J Hum Genet. 2006 Sep;79(3):514-23. doi: 10.1086/507488. Epub 2006 Jul 18.
• Background Zimmermann TS, Lee AC, Akinc A, Bramlage B, Bumcrot D, Fedoruk MN, Harborth J, Heyes JA, Jeffs LB, John M, Judge AD, Lam K, McClintock K, Nechev LV, Palmer LR, Racie T, Rohl I, Seiffert S, Shanmugam S, Sood V, Soutschek J, Toudjarska I, Wheat AJ, Yaworski E, Zedalis W, Koteliansky V, Manoharan M, Vornlocher HP, MacLachlan I. RNAi-mediated gene silencing in non-human primates. Nature. 2006 May 4;441(7089):111-4. doi: 10.1038/nature04688. Epub 2006 Mar 26.
• Dutta S, Shah R, Singhal S, Singh S, Piparva K, Katoch CDS. A systematic review and meta-analysis of tolerability, cardiac safety and efficacy of inclisiran for the therapy of hyperlipidemic patients. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2024 Feb;23(2):187-198. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2023.2293201. Epub 2023 Dec 19.
• Wright RS, Collins MG, Stoekenbroek RM, Robson R, Wijngaard PLJ, Landmesser U, Leiter LA, Kastelein JJP, Ray KK, Kallend D. Effects of Renal Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics, Efficacy, and Safety of Inclisiran: An Analysis of the ORION-7 and ORION-1 Studies. Mayo Clin Proc. 2020 Jan;95(1):77-89. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.08.021. Epub 2019 Oct 17.
• Ray KK, Stoekenbroek RM, Kallend D, Nishikido T, Leiter LA, Landmesser U, Wright RS, Wijngaard PLJ, Kastelein JJP. Effect of 1 or 2 Doses of Inclisiran on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels: One-Year Follow-up of the ORION-1 Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2019 Nov 1;4(11):1067-1075. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2019.3502.
• Leiter LA, Teoh H, Kallend D, Wright RS, Landmesser U, Wijngaard PLJ, Kastelein JJP, Ray KK. Inclisiran Lowers LDL-C and PCSK9 Irrespective of Diabetes Status: The ORION-1 Randomized Clinical Trial. Diabetes Care. 2019 Jan;42(1):173-176. doi: 10.2337/dc18-1491. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
• Ray KK, Stoekenbroek RM, Kallend D, Leiter LA, Landmesser U, Wright RS, Wijngaard P, Kastelein JJP. Effect of an siRNA Therapeutic Targeting PCSK9 on Atherogenic Lipoproteins: Prespecified Secondary End Points in ORION 1. Circulation. 2018 Sep 25;138(13):1304-1316. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034710.
• Ray KK, Landmesser U, Leiter LA, Kallend D, Dufour R, Karakas M, Hall T, Troquay RP, Turner T, Visseren FL, Wijngaard P, Wright RS, Kastelein JJ. Inclisiran in Patients at High Cardiovascular Risk with Elevated LDL Cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 2017 Apr 13;376(15):1430-1440. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1615758. Epub 2017 Mar 17.

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	Inclisiran	Small interfering RNA (siRNA)	100 mg	Subcutaneous
Subject	Inclisiran	Small interfering RNA (siRNA)	200 mg	Subcutaneous
Subject	Inclisiran	Small interfering RNA (siRNA)	300 mg	Subcutaneous
Subject	Inclisiran	Small interfering RNA (siRNA)	500 mg	Subcutaneous

Indications