Individualized Cefepime Dosing Study

Summary

Several population pharmacokinetic (PK) models for cefepime in critically ill patients have been described, all indicating that variability in renal clearance is the main determinant of observed variability in exposure. The main objective of this study was hence to determine which renal marker best predicts cefepime clearance.

Timeline

Start

2014-03

Primary completion

2015-07

Completion

2016-01

Publications

• Background Dellinger RP, Levy MM, Rhodes A, Annane D, Gerlach H, Opal SM, Sevransky JE, Sprung CL, Douglas IS, Jaeschke R, Osborn TM, Nunnally ME, Townsend SR, Reinhart K, Kleinpell RM, Angus DC, Deutschman CS, Machado FR, Rubenfeld GD, Webb SA, Beale RJ, Vincent JL, Moreno R; Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines Committee including the Pediatric Subgroup. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2012. Crit Care Med. 2013 Feb;41(2):580-637. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e31827e83af.
• Background Roberts JA, Lipman J. Pharmacokinetic issues for antibiotics in the critically ill patient. Crit Care Med. 2009 Mar;37(3):840-51; quiz 859. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181961bff.
• Background Goncalves-Pereira J, Povoa P. Antibiotics in critically ill patients: a systematic review of the pharmacokinetics of beta-lactams. Crit Care. 2011;15(5):R206. doi: 10.1186/cc10441. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
• Background Sime FB, Roberts MS, Peake SL, Lipman J, Roberts JA. Does Beta-lactam Pharmacokinetic Variability in Critically Ill Patients Justify Therapeutic Drug Monitoring? A Systematic Review. Ann Intensive Care. 2012 Jul 28;2(1):35. doi: 10.1186/2110-5820-2-35.
• Background Li C, Du X, Kuti JL, Nicolau DP. Clinical pharmacodynamics of meropenem in patients with lower respiratory tract infections. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2007 May;51(5):1725-30. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00294-06. Epub 2007 Feb 16.
• Background McKinnon PS, Paladino JA, Schentag JJ. Evaluation of area under the inhibitory curve (AUIC) and time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (T>MIC) as predictors of outcome for cefepime and ceftazidime in serious bacterial infections. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2008 Apr;31(4):345-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.12.009. Epub 2008 Mar 4.
• Background Roberts JA, Paul SK, Akova M, Bassetti M, De Waele JJ, Dimopoulos G, Kaukonen KM, Koulenti D, Martin C, Montravers P, Rello J, Rhodes A, Starr T, Wallis SC, Lipman J; DALI Study. DALI: defining antibiotic levels in intensive care unit patients: are current beta-lactam antibiotic doses sufficient for critically ill patients? Clin Infect Dis. 2014 Apr;58(8):1072-83. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu027. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
• Background Roberts JA, Kruger P, Paterson DL, Lipman J. Antibiotic resistance--what's dosing got to do with it? Crit Care Med. 2008 Aug;36(8):2433-40. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0b013e318180fe62.
• Background Fantin B, Farinotti R, Thabaut A, Carbon C. Conditions for the emergence of resistance to cefpirome and ceftazidime in experimental endocarditis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Antimicrob Chemother. 1994 Mar;33(3):563-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/33.3.563.
• Background Gugel J, Dos Santos Pereira A, Pignatari AC, Gales AC. beta-Lactam MICs correlate poorly with mutant prevention concentrations for clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2006 Jun;50(6):2276-7. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00144-06. No abstract available.
• Background Fugate JE, Kalimullah EA, Hocker SE, Clark SL, Wijdicks EF, Rabinstein AA. Cefepime neurotoxicity in the intensive care unit: a cause of severe, underappreciated encephalopathy. Crit Care. 2013 Nov 7;17(6):R264. doi: 10.1186/cc13094.
• Background Beumier M, Casu GS, Hites M, Wolff F, Cotton F, Vincent JL, Jacobs F, Taccone FS. Elevated beta-lactam concentrations associated with neurological deterioration in ICU septic patients. Minerva Anestesiol. 2015 May;81(5):497-506. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
• Background Mani LY, Kissling S, Viceic D, Vogt B, Burnier M, Buclin T, Renard D. Intermittent hemodialysis treatment in cefepime-induced neurotoxicity: case report, pharmacokinetic modeling, and review of the literature. Hemodial Int. 2015 Apr;19(2):333-43. doi: 10.1111/hdi.12198. Epub 2014 Jul 23.
• Background Kim A, Kim JE, Paek YM, Hong KS, Cho YJ, Cho JY, Park HK, Koo HK, Song P. Cefepime- Induced Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus (NCSE). J Epilepsy Res. 2013 Jun 30;3(1):39-41. doi: 10.14581/jer.13008. eCollection 2013 Jun.
• Background Durand-Maugard C, Lemaire-Hurtel AS, Gras-Champel V, Hary L, Maizel J, Prud'homme-Bernardy A, Andrejak C, Andrejak M. Blood and CSF monitoring of cefepime-induced neurotoxicity: nine case reports. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012 May;67(5):1297-9. doi: 10.1093/jac/dks012. Epub 2012 Jan 31. No abstract available.
• Background Gangireddy VG, Mitchell LC, Coleman T. Cefepime neurotoxicity despite renal adjusted dosing. Scand J Infect Dis. 2011 Oct;43(10):827-9. doi: 10.3109/00365548.2011.581308. Epub 2011 May 23.
• Background Tanaka A, Takechi K, Watanabe S, Tanaka M, Suemaru K, Araki H. Comparison of the prevalence of convulsions associated with the use of cefepime and meropenem. Int J Clin Pharm. 2013 Oct;35(5):683-7. doi: 10.1007/s11096-013-9799-3. Epub 2013 Jun 4.
• Background Lipman J, Wallis SC, Boots RJ. Cefepime versus cefpirome: the importance of creatinine clearance. Anesth Analg. 2003 Oct;97(4):1149-1154. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000077077.54084.B0.
• Background Tam VH, McKinnon PS, Akins RL, Drusano GL, Rybak MJ. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of cefepime in patients with various degrees of renal function. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jun;47(6):1853-61. doi: 10.1128/AAC.47.6.1853-1861.2003.
• Background Roos JF, Bulitta J, Lipman J, Kirkpatrick CM. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic rationale for cefepime dosing regimens in intensive care units. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006 Nov;58(5):987-93. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkl349. Epub 2006 Aug 30.
• Background Georges B, Conil JM, Seguin T, Dieye E, Cougot P, Decun JF, Lavit M, Samii K, Houin G, Saivin S. Cefepime in intensive care unit patients: validation of a population pharmacokinetic approach and influence of covariables. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Apr;46(4):157-64. doi: 10.5414/cpp46157.
• Background Delattre IK, Musuamba FT, Jacqmin P, Taccone FS, Laterre PF, Verbeeck RK, Jacobs F, Wallemacq P. Population pharmacokinetics of four beta-lactams in critically ill septic patients comedicated with amikacin. Clin Biochem. 2012 Jul;45(10-11):780-6. doi: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.03.030. Epub 2012 Apr 5.
• Background Nicasio AM, Ariano RE, Zelenitsky SA, Kim A, Crandon JL, Kuti JL, Nicolau DP. Population pharmacokinetics of high-dose, prolonged-infusion cefepime in adult critically ill patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Apr;53(4):1476-81. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01141-08. Epub 2009 Feb 2.
• Background Lima-Rogel V, Medina-Rojas EL, Del Carmen Milan-Segovia R, Noyola DE, Nieto-Aguirre K, Lopez-Delarosa A, Romano-Moreno S. Population pharmacokinetics of cefepime in neonates with severe nosocomial infections. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2008 Jun;33(3):295-306. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2008.00913.x.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.