Effect of Exenatide on 24h-UAER in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy

Summary

This is a multi-center, randomized, parallel study to evaluate effect of exenatide on 24h-UAER in patients with diabetic nephropathy. Screening will be made to select eligible participants before intervention. The trial will include 2-week run-in period of stable doses of glargine plus lispro insulin and 24-week treatment period. After the run-in period, patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups for antihyperglycaemic therapies for a total of 24-weeks: glargine plus exenatide and continued glargine plus lispro insulin. The treatment of exenatide will be initiated by 5ug bid, and uptitrated to 10 ug bid after 4 weeks and then maintained at 10ug bid until the completion of the study. Lispro insulin will be initially treated according to the insulin dosage of previous antihyperglycaemic therapies, and further titrated up at 4-week intervals until to reach the target fasting blood glucose (FPG).

Timeline

Start

2016-04-08

Primary completion

2019-12-13

Completion

2019-12-30

Publications

• Background KDOQI. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007 Feb;49(2 Suppl 2):S12-154. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.12.005. No abstract available.
• Background Lim AKh. Diabetic nephropathy - complications and treatment. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis. 2014 Oct 15;7:361-81. doi: 10.2147/IJNRD.S40172. eCollection 2014.
• Background de Zeeuw D, Parving HH, Henning RH. Microalbuminuria as an early marker for cardiovascular disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2006 Aug;17(8):2100-5. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2006050517. Epub 2006 Jul 6.
• Background Filippatos TD, Elisaf MS. Effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on renal function. World J Diabetes. 2013 Oct 15;4(5):190-201. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v4.i5.190.
• Background Lu B, Song X, Dong X, Yang Y, Zhang Z, Wen J, Li Y, Zhou L, Zhao N, Zhu X, Hu R. High prevalence of chronic kidney disease in population-based patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes in downtown Shanghai. J Diabetes Complications. 2008 Mar-Apr;22(2):96-103. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2007.08.001.
• Background Lai X, Zhang AH, Chen SY, He L, Su CY, Fan MH, Wang T. Outcomes of stage 1-5 chronic kidney disease in Mainland China. Ren Fail. 2014 May;36(4):520-5. doi: 10.3109/0886022X.2013.875859. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
• Background Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group; Nathan DM, Genuth S, Lachin J, Cleary P, Crofford O, Davis M, Rand L, Siebert C. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993 Sep 30;329(14):977-86. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199309303291401.
• Background Tomino Y. Pathogenesis and treatment of chronic kidney disease: a review of our recent basic and clinical data. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2014;39(5):450-89. doi: 10.1159/000368458. Epub 2014 Nov 30.
• Background Kobori H, Mori H, Masaki T, Nishiyama A. Angiotensin II blockade and renal protection. Curr Pharm Des. 2013;19(17):3033-42. doi: 10.2174/1381612811319170009.
• Background Park CW, Kim HW, Ko SH, Lim JH, Ryu GR, Chung HW, Han SW, Shin SJ, Bang BK, Breyer MD, Chang YS. Long-term treatment of glucagon-like peptide-1 analog exendin-4 ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through improving metabolic anomalies in db/db mice. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007 Apr;18(4):1227-38. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2006070778. Epub 2007 Mar 14.
• Background Xu WW, Guan MP, Zheng ZJ, Gao F, Zeng YM, Qin Y, Xue YM. Exendin-4 alleviates high glucose-induced rat mesangial cell dysfunction through the AMPK pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2014;33(2):423-32. doi: 10.1159/000358623. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
• Background Zhang H, Zhang X, Hu C, Lu W. Exenatide reduces urinary transforming growth factor-beta1 and type IV collagen excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria. Kidney Blood Press Res. 2012;35(6):483-8. doi: 10.1159/000337929. Epub 2012 Jun 8.
• Background Imamura S, Hirai K, Hirai A. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, liraglutide, attenuates the progression of overt diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. Tohoku J Exp Med. 2013 Sep;231(1):57-61. doi: 10.1620/tjem.231.57.
• Background Ahmad SR, Swann J. Exenatide and rare adverse events. N Engl J Med. 2008 May 1;358(18):1970-1; discussion 1971-2. No abstract available.
• Background Bloomgren G, Braum D, Kolterman O. Exenatide and rare adverse events. N Engl J med 2008; 358: 1971-2.
• Background Yanagisawa K, Ashihara J, Obara S, Wada N, Takeuchi M, Nishino Y, Maeda S, Ishibashi Y, Yamagishi S. Switching to multiple daily injection therapy with glulisine improves glycaemic control, vascular damage and treatment satisfaction in basal insulin glargine-injected diabetic patients. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2014 Nov;30(8):693-700. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2537.
• Natale P, Green SC, Tunnicliffe DJ, Pellegrino G, Toyama T, Strippoli GF. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists for people with chronic kidney disease and diabetes. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2025 Feb 18;2(2):CD015849. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD015849.pub2.

Drugs

Indications