High Dose Vitamin C in Cardiac Surgery Patients

Summary

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most common procedure performed by cardiac surgeons. Post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common adverse event following CABG, experienced in 20-50% of patients; the highest incidence of AF occurs by the third post-operative day. Reduction of AF by various drugs is moderately effective, but involves either rate control with beta blockers or rate conversion with amiodarone after the myocardial damage processes initiating AF have already occurred. Decreasing the incidence of post-operative AF, and hence the morbidity and mortality of high-risk CABG patients, could be more fruitfully approached by targeting the upstream combined processes of inflammation and coagulation activation induced by the surgical insult and associated ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). We propose that cell damage induced by oxidative stress and I/R injury could be prevented and/or inhibited by antioxidant supplementation. Specifically the investigators hypothesize that high-dose intravenous (IV) vitamin C supplementation will ameliorate ROS and therefore damp down upstream inflammatory processes, leading to a reduction of downstream adverse events with demonstrable links to inflammation processes, such as AF.

Timeline

Start

2017-01-01

Primary completion

2018-03-13

Completion

2018-03-13

Publications

• Background Quality AfHRa. HCUPnet: A tool for identifying, tracking, and analyzing national hospital statistics. In: Services DoHaH, ed. Rockville, MD2014.
• Background Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Executive summary: heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):188-97. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3182456d46. No abstract available.
• Background Surgeons SoT. Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: Executive Summary: 10 Years. 2012; http://www.sts.org/sites/default/files/documents/2012%20-%20AC%20-%203rdHarvestExecutiveSummary.pdf. Accessed January 14, 2014.
• Background Korantzopoulos P, Kolettis TM, Galaris D, Goudevenos JA. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation. Int J Cardiol. 2007 Feb 7;115(2):135-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2006.04.026. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
• Background Rodrigo R. Prevention of postoperative atrial fibrillation: novel and safe strategy based on the modulation of the antioxidant system. Front Physiol. 2012 Apr 12;3:93. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00093. eCollection 2012.
• Background Mariscalco G, Klersy C, Zanobini M, Banach M, Ferrarese S, Borsani P, Cantore C, Biglioli P, Sala A. Atrial fibrillation after isolated coronary surgery affects late survival. Circulation. 2008 Oct 14;118(16):1612-8. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.777789. Epub 2008 Sep 29.
• Background Fukushima R, Yamazaki E. Vitamin C requirement in surgical patients. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2010 Nov;13(6):669-76. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32833e05bc.
• Background Ferguson TB Jr, Coombs LP, Peterson ED; Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Adult Cardiac Surgery Database. Preoperative beta-blocker use and mortality and morbidity following CABG surgery in North America. JAMA. 2002 May 1;287(17):2221-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.287.17.2221.
• Background Halonen J, Hakala T, Auvinen T, Karjalainen J, Turpeinen A, Uusaro A, Halonen P, Hartikainen J, Hippelainen M. Intravenous administration of metoprolol is more effective than oral administration in the prevention of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery. Circulation. 2006 Jul 4;114(1 Suppl):I1-4. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.000851.
• Background Wenk MR. The emerging field of lipidomics. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Jul;4(7):594-610. doi: 10.1038/nrd1776.
• Background Kunt AS, Selek S, Celik H, Demir D, Erel O, Andac MH. Decrease of total antioxidant capacity during coronary artery bypass surgery. Mt Sinai J Med. 2006 Sep;73(5):777-83.
• Background Larmann J, Theilmeier G. Inflammatory response to cardiac surgery: cardiopulmonary bypass versus non-cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2004 Sep;18(3):425-38. doi: 10.1016/j.bpa.2003.12.004.
• Background Review Manager (RevMan) [computer program]. Version Version 5.2. Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre; 2012.
• Background Higgins JP, Altman DG, Gotzsche PC, Juni P, Moher D, Oxman AD, Savovic J, Schulz KF, Weeks L, Sterne JA; Cochrane Bias Methods Group; Cochrane Statistical Methods Group. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ. 2011 Oct 18;343:d5928. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d5928.

Drugs

Indications