Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Emtricitabine and Tenofovir Alafenamide (F/TAF) Fixed-Dose Combination Once Daily for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex With Men and Are At Risk of HIV-1 Infection

Summary

The primary objective of this study is to assess the rates of HIV-1 infection in Men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) who have sex with men and who are administered daily emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF) or emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (F/TDF) with a minimum follow-up of 48 weeks and at least 50% of participants have 96 weeks of follow-up after randomization.

Timeline

Start

2016-09-02

Primary completion

2019-01-31

Completion

2026-07-29

Outcome

Met primary endpoint

Stopped: “Following review of accumulated safety data from DISCOVER and real-world use of F/TAF, the sponsor determined that the long-term safety of F/TAF had been demonstrated and no further safety monitoring within the study was required.”

paper emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide was non-inferior to emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HIV prevention PMID 32711800 ↗

paper the upper limit of the 95% CI of the IRR, was less than the prespecified non-inferiority margin of 1·62 PMID 32711800 ↗

release “Results from the DISCOVER trial, presented at the 2019 Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, demonstrated that Descovy achieved non-inferiority to Truvada” gilead.com ↗

release “In the trial, Descovy achieved the primary efficacy endpoint and demonstrated non-inferiority to Truvada.” gilead.com ↗

release “DISCOVER trial of Descovy (emtricitabine 200 mg and tenofovir alafenamide 25 mg tablets, F/TAF) for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), demonstrating continued non-inferior efficacy” gilead.com ↗

Publications

• Results Hare B. The Phase 3 DISCOVER Study: Daily F/TAF or F/TDF for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis [Presentation]. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI); 2019 04-07 March; Seattle, WA.
• Results Mayer KH, Molina JM, Thompson MA, Anderson PL, Mounzer KC, De Wet JJ, DeJesus E, Jessen H, Grant RM, Ruane PJ, Wong P, Ebrahimi R, Zhong L, Mathias A, Callebaut C, Collins SE, Das M, McCallister S, Brainard DM, Brinson C, Clarke A, Coll P, Post FA, Hare CB. Emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide vs emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (DISCOVER): primary results from a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, active-controlled, phase 3, non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2020 Jul 25;396(10246):239-254. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31065-5.
• Wohl DA, Spinner CD, Flamm J, Hare CB, Doblecki-Lewis S, Ruane PJ, Molina JM, Mills A, Brinson C, Ramgopal M, Clarke A, Crofoot G, Martorell C, Carter C, Cox S, Hojilla JC, Shao Y, Das M, Kintu A, Baeten JM, Grant RM, Mounzer K, Mayer K. HIV-1 infection kinetics, drug resistance, and long-term safety of pre-exposure prophylaxis with emtricitabine plus tenofovir alafenamide (DISCOVER): week 144 open-label extension of a randomised, controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet HIV. 2024 Aug;11(8):e508-e521. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(24)00130-9. Epub 2024 Jul 14.
• Cespedes MS, Das M, Yager J, Prins M, Krznaric I, de Jong J, Xiao D, Shao Y, Wong P, Kintu A, Carter C, Hoornenborg E, Ruane P, Phoenix J, Younis I, Halperin J. Gender Affirming Hormones Do Not Affect the Exposure and Efficacy of F/TDF or F/TAF for HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis: A Subgroup Analysis from the DISCOVER Trial. Transgend Health. 2024 Jan 31;9(1):46-52. doi: 10.1089/trgh.2022.0048. eCollection 2024 Feb.
• Zivich PN, Cole SR, Edwards JK, Glidden DV, Das M, Shook-Sa BE, Shao Y, Mehrotra ML, Adimora AA, Eron JJ. HIV Prevention Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: Tenofovir Alafenamide Combination Preexposure Prophylaxis Versus Placebo. J Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 12;229(4):1123-1130. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiad507.
• Ogbuagu O, Ruane PJ, Podzamczer D, Salazar LC, Henry K, Asmuth DM, Wohl D, Gilson R, Shao Y, Ebrahimi R, Cox S, Kintu A, Carter C, Das M, Baeten JM, Brainard DM, Whitlock G, Brunetta JM, Kronborg G, Spinner CD; DISCOVER study team. Long-term safety and efficacy of emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide vs emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate for HIV-1 pre-exposure prophylaxis: week 96 results from a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet HIV. 2021 Jul;8(7):e397-e407. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(21)00071-0.
• Glidden DV, Das M, Dunn DT, Ebrahimi R, Zhao Y, Stirrup OT, Baeten JM, Anderson PL. Using the adherence-efficacy relationship of emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate to calculate background hiv incidence: a secondary analysis of a randomized, controlled trial. J Int AIDS Soc. 2021 May;24(5):e25744. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25744.

Drugs

Evaluation	Drug	Modality	Dose	Route
Subject	Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate	Small molecule	300 mg	Oral
Subject	emtricitabine	Other / unclassified	200 mg	Oral
Subject	tenofovir alafenamide	Small molecule	25 mg	Oral

Indications

No indication recorded.