Vancomycin for C Difficile NAAT+/EIA- Hematology Oncology Patients

Summary

This study will randomized hematology oncology patients with active diarrhea and a NAAT positive/toxin EIA negative to either 14 days of oral vancomycin capsules or placebo. The study is designed to include 30 patients (15 per arm). Outcomes will include C. difficile load using qPCR, VRE loads, structural and functional microbiome changes and frequency of bowel movements. All endpoints will be measured at several time points including days 0, 14, 21 and 90.

Timeline

Start

2018-06-01

Primary completion

2020-06-30

Completion

2020-06-30

Publications

• Background Lessa FC, Winston LG, McDonald LC; Emerging Infections Program C. difficile Surveillance Team. Burden of Clostridium difficile infection in the United States. N Engl J Med. 2015 Jun 11;372(24):2369-70. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc1505190. No abstract available.
• Background Martin JS, Monaghan TM, Wilcox MH. Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, diagnosis and understanding transmission. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2016 Apr;13(4):206-16. doi: 10.1038/nrgastro.2016.25. Epub 2016 Mar 9.
• Background Theriot CM, Koenigsknecht MJ, Carlson PE Jr, Hatton GE, Nelson AM, Li B, Huffnagle GB, Z Li J, Young VB. Antibiotic-induced shifts in the mouse gut microbiome and metabolome increase susceptibility to Clostridium difficile infection. Nat Commun. 2014;5:3114. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4114.
• Background Theriot CM, Bowman AA, Young VB. Antibiotic-Induced Alterations of the Gut Microbiota Alter Secondary Bile Acid Production and Allow for Clostridium difficile Spore Germination and Outgrowth in the Large Intestine. mSphere. 2016 Jan 6;1(1):e00045-15. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00045-15. eCollection 2016 Jan-Feb.
• Background Sethi AK, Al-Nassir WN, Nerandzic MM, Bobulsky GS, Donskey CJ. Persistence of skin contamination and environmental shedding of Clostridium difficile during and after treatment of C. difficile infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 Jan;31(1):21-7. doi: 10.1086/649016.
• Results Aldrete SD, Kraft CS, Magee MJ, Chan A, Hutcherson D, Langston AA, Greenwell BI, Burd EM, Friedman-Moraco R. Risk factors and epidemiology of Clostridium difficile infection in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients during the peritransplant period. Transpl Infect Dis. 2017 Feb;19(1):10.1111/tid.12649. doi: 10.1111/tid.12649.
• Results Isaac S, Scher JU, Djukovic A, Jimenez N, Littman DR, Abramson SB, Pamer EG, Ubeda C. Short- and long-term effects of oral vancomycin on the human intestinal microbiota. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2017 Jan;72(1):128-136. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw383. Epub 2016 Oct 5.
• Results Polage CR, Gyorke CE, Kennedy MA, Leslie JL, Chin DL, Wang S, Nguyen HH, Huang B, Tang YW, Lee LW, Kim K, Taylor S, Romano PS, Panacek EA, Goodell PB, Solnick JV, Cohen SH. Overdiagnosis of Clostridium difficile Infection in the Molecular Test Era. JAMA Intern Med. 2015 Nov;175(11):1792-801. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2015.4114.

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