Therapeutic Effect of Botulinum Toxin A for the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis.

Summary

Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain and is commonly present in people 40 years of age or older, overweight, sedentary or with intense physical activity. It is caused by the over-stretching of the plantar fascia, which is a band of connective tissue that extends to the base of the phalanges. This produces micro-tears more commonly in its origin in the medial tuberosity of the calcaneus which causes an inflammatory process and pain. This pain usually occurs when the person gets up in the morning after sleeping or after sitting for a long time. That is when the fascia is stretched after being in a contraction position. There are a great variety of treatments for this pathology, of these, one of the most common is the use of intralesional steroids, which a weighing that reduces symptomatology in many cases also has undesirable effects such as subcutaneous fat atrophy, rupture of the plantar fascia, peripheral nerve injury, muscle damage and stress fractures. Other treatments are extracorporeal shock waves, application of platelet-rich plasma and application of botulinum toxin A intralesional. All of them are accompanied by insoles, night splints and stretching exercises of the Achilles tendon and the plantar fascia. Recent studies have shown that the application of botulinum toxin A intralesional in patients with plantar fasciitis helps to improve the symptomatology to decrease pain in both intensity and presentation time. Decreased inflammation of the plantar fascia has also been demonstrated. This is the sale of the usual form of action of the botulinum toxin, which is applied regularly in the muscles to block the release of acetylcholine in the neuromuscular plaque and obtain its relaxation and not directly in the pain points. We believe that the botulinum toxin can be applied intralesional currently, since there is information that the toxin has analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect and not just muscle relaxation. The aim of our work demonstrate that the use of botulinum toxin A and intralesional stretching exercises is superior to intralesional steroids and stretching trying to establish a safer and less painful therapy avoiding complications prior to the application of steroid application.

Timeline

Start

2015-01

Primary completion

2020-03

Completion

2020-04

Publications

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• Background May TJ, Judy TA, Conti M, Cowan JE. Current treatment of plantar fasciitis. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2002 Oct;1(5):278-84. doi: 10.1249/00149619-200210000-00005.
• Background Kim C, Cashdollar MR, Mendicino RW, Catanzariti AR, Fuge L. Incidence of plantar fascia ruptures following corticosteroid injection. Foot Ankle Spec. 2010 Dec;3(6):335-7. doi: 10.1177/1938640010378530. Epub 2010 Sep 3.
• Background Acevedo JI, Beskin JL. Complications of plantar fascia rupture associated with corticosteroid injection. Foot Ankle Int. 1998 Feb;19(2):91-7. doi: 10.1177/107110079801900207.
• Background Glazer JL. An approach to the diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis. Phys Sportsmed. 2009 Jun;37(2):74-9. doi: 10.3810/psm.2009.06.1712.
• Background Sampson S, Gerhardt M, Mandelbaum B. Platelet rich plasma injection grafts for musculoskeletal injuries: a review. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2008 Dec;1(3-4):165-74. doi: 10.1007/s12178-008-9032-5.
• Background Rompe JD, Cacchio A, Weil L Jr, Furia JP, Haist J, Reiners V, Schmitz C, Maffulli N. Plantar fascia-specific stretching versus radial shock-wave therapy as initial treatment of plantar fasciopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2010 Nov 3;92(15):2514-22. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.I.01651.
• Background Soomekh DJ. Current concepts for the use of platelet-rich plasma in the foot and ankle. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2011 Jan;28(1):155-70. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2010.09.001.
• Background Digiovanni BF, Nawoczenski DA, Malay DP, Graci PA, Williams TT, Wilding GE, Baumhauer JF. Plantar fascia-specific stretching exercise improves outcomes in patients with chronic plantar fasciitis. A prospective clinical trial with two-year follow-up. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006 Aug;88(8):1775-81. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.E.01281.
• Background Tsai WC, Hsu CC, Chen CP, Chen MJ, Yu TY, Chen YJ. Plantar fasciitis treated with local steroid injection: comparison between sonographic and palpation guidance. J Clin Ultrasound. 2006 Jan;34(1):12-6. doi: 10.1002/jcu.20177.
• Background Placzek R, Deuretzbacher G, Meiss AL. Treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis with Botulinum toxin A: preliminary clinical results. Clin J Pain. 2006 Feb;22(2):190-2. doi: 10.1097/01.ajp.0000169674.34191.0e.
• Background Seyler TM, Smith BP, Marker DR, Ma J, Shen J, Smith TL, Mont MA, Kolaski K, Koman LA. Botulinum neurotoxin as a therapeutic modality in orthopaedic surgery: more than twenty years of experience. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2008 Nov;90 Suppl 4:133-45. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.H.00901. No abstract available.
• Background Elizondo-Rodriguez J, Araujo-Lopez Y, Moreno-Gonzalez JA, Cardenas-Estrada E, Mendoza-Lemus O, Acosta-Olivo C. A comparison of botulinum toxin a and intralesional steroids for the treatment of plantar fasciitis: a randomized, double-blinded study. Foot Ankle Int. 2013 Jan;34(1):8-14. doi: 10.1177/1071100712460215.

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