Sequential Natalizumab - Alemtuzumab Therapy in Patients With Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if a sequential combination therapy of natalizumab and alemtuzumab induces peripheral tolerance and reduces the annualized relapse rate (ARR) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS).

Timeline

Start

2018-05-01

Primary completion

2020-11-04

Completion

2020-11-04

Publications

• Background Rudick RA, Stuart WH, Calabresi PA, Confavreux C, Galetta SL, Radue EW, Lublin FD, Weinstock-Guttman B, Wynn DR, Lynn F, Panzara MA, Sandrock AW; SENTINEL Investigators. Natalizumab plus interferon beta-1a for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 2;354(9):911-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa044396.
• Background Polman CH, O'Connor PW, Havrdova E, Hutchinson M, Kappos L, Miller DH, Phillips JT, Lublin FD, Giovannoni G, Wajgt A, Toal M, Lynn F, Panzara MA, Sandrock AW; AFFIRM Investigators. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of natalizumab for relapsing multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2006 Mar 2;354(9):899-910. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa044397.
• Background Stuve O, Marra CM, Bar-Or A, Niino M, Cravens PD, Cepok S, Frohman EM, Phillips JT, Arendt G, Jerome KR, Cook L, Grand'Maison F, Hemmer B, Monson NL, Racke MK. Altered CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratios in cerebrospinal fluid of natalizumab-treated patients with multiple sclerosis. Arch Neurol. 2006 Oct;63(10):1383-7. doi: 10.1001/archneur.63.10.1383.
• Background Stuve O, Marra CM, Jerome KR, Cook L, Cravens PD, Cepok S, Frohman EM, Phillips JT, Arendt G, Hemmer B, Monson NL, Racke MK. Immune surveillance in multiple sclerosis patients treated with natalizumab. Ann Neurol. 2006 May;59(5):743-7. doi: 10.1002/ana.20858.
• Background Stuve O, Cravens PD, Frohman EM, Phillips JT, Remington GM, von Geldern G, Cepok S, Singh MP, Tervaert JW, De Baets M, MacManus D, Miller DH, Radu EW, Cameron EM, Monson NL, Zhang S, Kim R, Hemmer B, Racke MK. Immunologic, clinical, and radiologic status 14 months after cessation of natalizumab therapy. Neurology. 2009 Feb 3;72(5):396-401. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327341.89587.76. Epub 2008 Nov 5.
• Background Kowarik MC, Pellkofer HL, Cepok S, Korn T, Kumpfel T, Buck D, Hohlfeld R, Berthele A, Hemmer B. Differential effects of fingolimod (FTY720) on immune cells in the CSF and blood of patients with MS. Neurology. 2011 Apr 5;76(14):1214-21. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182143564.
• Background del Pilar Martin M, Cravens PD, Winger R, Frohman EM, Racke MK, Eagar TN, Zamvil SS, Weber MS, Hemmer B, Karandikar NJ, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Stuve O. Decrease in the numbers of dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells in cerebral perivascular spaces due to natalizumab. Arch Neurol. 2008 Dec;65(12):1596-603. doi: 10.1001/archneur.65.12.noc80051. Epub 2008 Oct 13.
• Background Bloomgren G, Richman S, Hotermans C, Subramanyam M, Goelz S, Natarajan A, Lee S, Plavina T, Scanlon JV, Sandrock A, Bozic C. Risk of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. N Engl J Med. 2012 May 17;366(20):1870-80. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1107829.
• Background Berger JR, Fox RJ. Reassessing the risk of natalizumab-associated PML. J Neurovirol. 2016 Aug;22(4):533-5. doi: 10.1007/s13365-016-0427-6. Epub 2016 Feb 3.
• Background Berger JR, Fox RJ. Erratum to: Reassessing the risk of natalizumab-associated PML. J Neurovirol. 2016 Aug;22(4):536-537. doi: 10.1007/s13365-016-0431-x. No abstract available.
• Background O'Connor PW, Goodman A, Kappos L, Lublin FD, Miller DH, Polman C, Rudick RA, Aschenbach W, Lucas N. Disease activity return during natalizumab treatment interruption in patients with multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2011 May 31;76(22):1858-65. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31821e7c8a. Epub 2011 May 4.
• Background Krumbholz M, Meinl I, Kumpfel T, Hohlfeld R, Meinl E. Natalizumab disproportionately increases circulating pre-B and B cells in multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2008 Oct 21;71(17):1350-4. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000327671.91357.96.
• Background Kivisakk P, Healy BC, Viglietta V, Quintana FJ, Hootstein MA, Weiner HL, Khoury SJ. Natalizumab treatment is associated with peripheral sequestration of proinflammatory T cells. Neurology. 2009 Jun 2;72(22):1922-30. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181a8266f.
• Background Cohen JA, Coles AJ, Arnold DL, Confavreux C, Fox EJ, Hartung HP, Havrdova E, Selmaj KW, Weiner HL, Fisher E, Brinar VV, Giovannoni G, Stojanovic M, Ertik BI, Lake SL, Margolin DH, Panzara MA, Compston DA; CARE-MS I investigators. Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta 1a as first-line treatment for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2012 Nov 24;380(9856):1819-28. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61769-3. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
• Background Coles AJ, Twyman CL, Arnold DL, Cohen JA, Confavreux C, Fox EJ, Hartung HP, Havrdova E, Selmaj KW, Weiner HL, Miller T, Fisher E, Sandbrink R, Lake SL, Margolin DH, Oyuela P, Panzara MA, Compston DA; CARE-MS II investigators. Alemtuzumab for patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis after disease-modifying therapy: a randomised controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2012 Nov 24;380(9856):1829-39. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61768-1. Epub 2012 Nov 1.
• Background Hale G, Rye PD, Warford A, Lauder I, Brito-Babapulle A. The glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored lymphocyte antigen CDw52 is associated with the epididymal maturation of human spermatozoa. J Reprod Immunol. 1993 Mar;23(2):189-205. doi: 10.1016/0165-0378(93)90007-5.
• Background Xia MQ, Tone M, Packman L, Hale G, Waldmann H. Characterization of the CAMPATH-1 (CDw52) antigen: biochemical analysis and cDNA cloning reveal an unusually small peptide backbone. Eur J Immunol. 1991 Jul;21(7):1677-84. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830210714.
• Background Rowan WC, Hale G, Tite JP, Brett SJ. Cross-linking of the CAMPATH-1 antigen (CD52) triggers activation of normal human T lymphocytes. Int Immunol. 1995 Jan;7(1):69-77. doi: 10.1093/intimm/7.1.69.
• Background Hederer RA, Guntermann C, Miller N, Nagy P, Szollosi J, Damjanovich S, Hale G, Alexander DR. The CD45 tyrosine phosphatase regulates Campath-1H (CD52)-induced TCR-dependent signal transduction in human T cells. Int Immunol. 2000 Apr;12(4):505-16. doi: 10.1093/intimm/12.4.505.
• Background Stauch D, Dernier A, Sarmiento Marchese E, Kunert K, Volk HD, Pratschke J, Kotsch K. Targeting of natural killer cells by rabbit antithymocyte globulin and campath-1H: similar effects independent of specificity. PLoS One. 2009;4(3):e4709. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004709. Epub 2009 Mar 5.
• Background Coles AJ, Cox A, Le Page E, Jones J, Trip SA, Deans J, Seaman S, Miller DH, Hale G, Waldmann H, Compston DA. The window of therapeutic opportunity in multiple sclerosis: evidence from monoclonal antibody therapy. J Neurol. 2006 Jan;253(1):98-108. doi: 10.1007/s00415-005-0934-5. Epub 2005 Jul 27.
• Background CAMMS223 Trial Investigators; Coles AJ, Compston DA, Selmaj KW, Lake SL, Moran S, Margolin DH, Norris K, Tandon PK. Alemtuzumab vs. interferon beta-1a in early multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med. 2008 Oct 23;359(17):1786-801. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802670.
• Background Hu Y, Turner MJ, Shields J, Gale MS, Hutto E, Roberts BL, Siders WM, Kaplan JM. Investigation of the mechanism of action of alemtuzumab in a human CD52 transgenic mouse model. Immunology. 2009 Oct;128(2):260-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2009.03115.x.
• Background Bologna L, Gotti E, Manganini M, Rambaldi A, Intermesoli T, Introna M, Golay J. Mechanism of action of type II, glycoengineered, anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody GA101 in B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia whole blood assays in comparison with rituximab and alemtuzumab. J Immunol. 2011 Mar 15;186(6):3762-9. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1000303. Epub 2011 Feb 4.
• Background Hill-Cawthorne GA, Button T, Tuohy O, Jones JL, May K, Somerfield J, Green A, Giovannoni G, Compston DA, Fahey MT, Coles AJ. Long term lymphocyte reconstitution after alemtuzumab treatment of multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Mar;83(3):298-304. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-300826. Epub 2011 Nov 5.
• Background Cossburn MD, Harding K, Ingram G, El-Shanawany T, Heaps A, Pickersgill TP, Jolles S, Robertson NP. Clinical relevance of differential lymphocyte recovery after alemtuzumab therapy for multiple sclerosis. Neurology. 2013 Jan 1;80(1):55-61. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31827b5927. Epub 2012 Dec 12.
• Background Coles AJ, Fox E, Vladic A, Gazda SK, Brinar V, Selmaj KW, Skoromets A, Stolyarov I, Bass A, Sullivan H, Margolin DH, Lake SL, Moran S, Palmer J, Smith MS, Compston DA. Alemtuzumab more effective than interferon beta-1a at 5-year follow-up of CAMMS223 clinical trial. Neurology. 2012 Apr 3;78(14):1069-78. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31824e8ee7. Epub 2012 Mar 21.
• Hussain RZ, Sguigna PV, Okai A, Wright C, Madinawala M, Bass AD, Cutter GR, Manouchehri N, Stuve O. The sequential natalizumab - alemtuzumab therapy in patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (SUPPRESS) trial - Part I: Rationale and objectives. J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2022 Aug 29;14:11795735221123911. doi: 10.1177/11795735221123911. eCollection 2022.

Drugs

Indications