Immunogenicity and Safety of DCs in Breast Cancer

Summary

This study aims to evaluate for the first time in Colombia the immunogenicity and safety of autologous DCs as enhancers of the immune response in patients with ductal breast cancer who, prior to surgical resection of the tumor, will receive neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide. concomitantly with the transfer of autologous DCs. This clinical trial is based on the concept proposed in countries like France more than a decade ago, that chemotherapy or radiotherapy cause the tumor cells to release certain signals that favor the activation of the immune system against cancer. Therefore, the combined use of chemotherapy with vaccination with dendritic cells would provide the immune system with greater antitumor response capacity, taking advantage of the release of said signals to initiate a series of processes that would be reflected in the activation of T lymphocytes capable of destroying the remaining cells of the tumor. To determine the specificity of the response evoked by the adoptive transfer of autologous DCs, in each patient the degree of recognition of the tumor by the immune system before and after said procedure will be evaluated. These results will be compared with those of patients who participated in a control group. Hypothesis Adoptive transfer of autologous DCs generated in vitro, in patients with stage IIA-IV breast cancer who receive neoadjuvant therapy with Doxorubicin and Cyclophosphamide, is a safe procedure that stimulates anti-tumor immune responses in treated patients. Principal aim: To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of the use of DCs when used in patients with stage IIA-IV breast cancer in association with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with Doxorubicin/Cyclophosphamide. Specific aims: * Generate immuno-competent dendritic cells in conditions of Good Clinical Practice and Good Laboratory Practices. * Determine in each patient the immunological status of specific T lymphocytes against tumor antigens, before and after chemotherapy, in order to demonstrate whether the adoptive transfer of DCs favors the anti-tumor immune response. * Register in patients with breast cancer in neo-adjuvant chemotherapy the class and frequency of adverse effects that could be generated as a result of the adoptive transfer of autologous DCs.

Timeline

Start

2014-01

Primary completion

2018-07

Completion

2018-08

Publications

• Background Banchereau J, Briere F, Caux C, Davoust J, Lebecque S, Liu YJ, Pulendran B, Palucka K. Immunobiology of dendritic cells. Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:767-811. doi: 10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.767.
• Background Banchereau J, Palucka AK. Dendritic cells as therapeutic vaccines against cancer. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Apr;5(4):296-306. doi: 10.1038/nri1592.
• Background Brossart P, Wirths S, Brugger W, Kanz L. Dendritic cells in cancer vaccines. Exp Hematol. 2001 Nov;29(11):1247-55. doi: 10.1016/s0301-472x(01)00730-5.
• Background Butterfield LH, Ribas A, Dissette VB, Amarnani SN, Vu HT, Oseguera D, Wang HJ, Elashoff RM, McBride WH, Mukherji B, Cochran AJ, Glaspy JA, Economou JS. Determinant spreading associated with clinical response in dendritic cell-based immunotherapy for malignant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Mar;9(3):998-1008.
• Background Chaput N, De Botton S, Obeid M, Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F, Panaretakis T, Flament C, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Molecular determinants of immunogenic cell death: surface exposure of calreticulin makes the difference. J Mol Med (Berl). 2007 Oct;85(10):1069-76. doi: 10.1007/s00109-007-0214-1. Epub 2007 May 22.
• Background Dauer M, Schad K, Herten J, Junkmann J, Bauer C, Kiefl R, Endres S, Eigler A. FastDC derived from human monocytes within 48 h effectively prime tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells. J Immunol Methods. 2005 Jul;302(1-2):145-55. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2005.05.010.
• Background Dong Xda E, Ito N, Lotze MT, Demarco RA, Popovic P, Shand SH, Watkins S, Winikoff S, Brown CK, Bartlett DL, Zeh HJ 3rd. High mobility group box I (HMGB1) release from tumor cells after treatment: implications for development of targeted chemoimmunotherapy. J Immunother. 2007 Sep;30(6):596-606. doi: 10.1097/CJI.0b013e31804efc76.
• Background Figdor CG, de Vries IJ, Lesterhuis WJ, Melief CJ. Dendritic cell immunotherapy: mapping the way. Nat Med. 2004 May;10(5):475-80. doi: 10.1038/nm1039.
• Background Gabrilovich D. Mechanisms and functional significance of tumour-induced dendritic-cell defects. Nat Rev Immunol. 2004 Dec;4(12):941-52. doi: 10.1038/nri1498.
• Background Kalinski P, Okada H. Polarized dendritic cells as cancer vaccines: directing effector-type T cells to tumors. Semin Immunol. 2010 Jun;22(3):173-82. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2010.03.002. Epub 2010 Apr 20.
• Background Mailliard RB, Wankowicz-Kalinska A, Cai Q, Wesa A, Hilkens CM, Kapsenberg ML, Kirkwood JM, Storkus WJ, Kalinski P. alpha-type-1 polarized dendritic cells: a novel immunization tool with optimized CTL-inducing activity. Cancer Res. 2004 Sep 1;64(17):5934-7. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-04-1261.
• Background Obeid M, Tesniere A, Ghiringhelli F, Fimia GM, Apetoh L, Perfettini JL, Castedo M, Mignot G, Panaretakis T, Casares N, Metivier D, Larochette N, van Endert P, Ciccosanti F, Piacentini M, Zitvogel L, Kroemer G. Calreticulin exposure dictates the immunogenicity of cancer cell death. Nat Med. 2007 Jan;13(1):54-61. doi: 10.1038/nm1523. Epub 2006 Dec 24.
• Background Okada H, Kalinski P, Ueda R, Hoji A, Kohanbash G, Donegan TE, Mintz AH, Engh JA, Bartlett DL, Brown CK, Zeh H, Holtzman MP, Reinhart TA, Whiteside TL, Butterfield LH, Hamilton RL, Potter DM, Pollack IF, Salazar AM, Lieberman FS. Induction of CD8+ T-cell responses against novel glioma-associated antigen peptides and clinical activity by vaccinations with alpha-type 1 polarized dendritic cells and polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid stabilized by lysine and carboxymethylcellulose in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. J Clin Oncol. 2011 Jan 20;29(3):330-6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.30.7744. Epub 2010 Dec 13.
• Background Pinzon-Charry A, Maxwell T, Lopez JA. Dendritic cell dysfunction in cancer: a mechanism for immunosuppression. Immunol Cell Biol. 2005 Oct;83(5):451-61. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1711.2005.01371.x.
• Background Ramakrishnan R, Antonia S, Gabrilovich DI. Combined modality immunotherapy and chemotherapy: a new perspective. Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2008 Oct;57(10):1523-9. doi: 10.1007/s00262-008-0531-4. Epub 2008 May 17.
• Background Romero P, Cerottini JC, Waanders GA. Novel methods to monitor antigen-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses in cancer immunotherapy. Mol Med Today. 1998 Jul;4(7):305-12. doi: 10.1016/s1357-4310(98)01280-5.
• Background Zitvogel L, Apetoh L, Ghiringhelli F, Kroemer G. Immunological aspects of cancer chemotherapy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Jan;8(1):59-73. doi: 10.1038/nri2216.
• Results Bernal-Estevez D, Sanchez R, Tejada RE, Parra-Lopez C. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy elicits tumor specific T cell responses in a breast cancer patient. BMC Cancer. 2016 Aug 3;16:591. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2625-2.
• Results Bernal-Estevez DA, Garcia O, Sanchez R, Parra-Lopez CA. Monitoring the responsiveness of T and antigen presenting cell compartments in breast cancer patients is useful to predict clinical tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. BMC Cancer. 2018 Jan 15;18(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s12885-017-3982-1.
• Bernal-Estevez DA, Ortiz Barbosa MA, Ortiz-Montero P, Cifuentes C, Sanchez R, Parra-Lopez CA. Autologous Dendritic Cells in Combination With Chemotherapy Restore Responsiveness of T Cells in Breast Cancer Patients: A Single-Arm Phase I/II Trial. Front Immunol. 2021 Aug 20;12:669965. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.669965. eCollection 2021.

Drugs

Indications