The Relationship Between Neuropsychological Testing and MRI, PET and COBRE - Project 1: AIM 2 (GE-180)

Summary

The complex pathological cascades leading to both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) involve, at various points, inflammation. Since inflammation is a treatable symptom, understanding how and when it impacts the brain, and where specifically in the brain, would offer important guidance in the development of new treatments, sorely needed in both diseases. Microglia play an important anti-inflammatory role, and produce a substance, mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO), whose presence can be used as a marker of regional inflammation. GE180 is a newly developed PET ligand which binds to TSPO and hence can be used in imaging studies to analyze regional inflammation in living patients. In prior studies it has shown regional specificity in multiple sclerosis and brain injury. In the current study, the investigators will be using GE180 to analyze regional and global inflammation in the brains of patients with AD and PD at a single time point. The results of the current study will provide enriched understanding of inflammation in these conditions, and potentially provide preliminary data to inform design of future interventional trials.

Timeline

Start

2018-12-13

Primary completion

2019-09-29

Completion

2019-09-29

Outcome

Outcome not reported

Stopped (Enrollment): “GE180 has limited Blood - brain barrier permeation, reducing its utility in neuroinflammation. COVID19 created supply chain issues, impacting enrollment.”

Publications

• Background Maphis N, Xu G, Kokiko-Cochran ON, Jiang S, Cardona A, Ransohoff RM, Lamb BT, Bhaskar K. Reactive microglia drive tau pathology and contribute to the spreading of pathological tau in the brain. Brain. 2015 Jun;138(Pt 6):1738-55. doi: 10.1093/brain/awv081. Epub 2015 Mar 31.
• Background Kim YS, Joh TH. Microglia, major player in the brain inflammation: their roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. Exp Mol Med. 2006 Aug 31;38(4):333-47. doi: 10.1038/emm.2006.40.
• Background Ji K, Miyauchi J, Tsirka SE. Microglia: an active player in the regulation of synaptic activity. Neural Plast. 2013;2013:627325. doi: 10.1155/2013/627325. Epub 2013 Nov 3.
• Background Benavides J, Fage D, Carter C, Scatton B. Peripheral type benzodiazepine binding sites are a sensitive indirect index of neuronal damage. Brain Res. 1987 Sep 22;421(1-2):167-72. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(87)91287-x.
• Background Fan Z, Calsolaro V, Atkinson RA, Femminella GD, Waldman A, Buckley C, Trigg W, Brooks DJ, Hinz R, Edison P. Flutriciclamide (18F-GE180) PET: First-in-Human PET Study of Novel Third-Generation In Vivo Marker of Human Translocator Protein. J Nucl Med. 2016 Nov;57(11):1753-1759. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.115.169078. Epub 2016 Jun 3.
• Background Chauveau F, Boutin H, Van Camp N, Dolle F, Tavitian B. Nuclear imaging of neuroinflammation: a comprehensive review of [11C]PK11195 challengers. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2008 Dec;35(12):2304-19. doi: 10.1007/s00259-008-0908-9. Epub 2008 Oct 1.
• Background Boutin H, Murray K, Pradillo J, Maroy R, Smigova A, Gerhard A, Jones PA, Trigg W. 18F-GE-180: a novel TSPO radiotracer compared to 11C-R-PK11195 in a preclinical model of stroke. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2015 Mar;42(3):503-11. doi: 10.1007/s00259-014-2939-8. Epub 2014 Oct 29.
• Background Liu B, Le KX, Park MA, Wang S, Belanger AP, Dubey S, Frost JL, Holton P, Reiser V, Jones PA, Trigg W, Di Carli MF, Lemere CA. In Vivo Detection of Age- and Disease-Related Increases in Neuroinflammation by 18F-GE180 TSPO MicroPET Imaging in Wild-Type and Alzheimer's Transgenic Mice. J Neurosci. 2015 Nov 25;35(47):15716-30. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0996-15.2015.
• Background Calsolaro V, Edison P. Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease: Current evidence and future directions. Alzheimers Dement. 2016 Jun;12(6):719-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.02.010. Epub 2016 May 11.
• Background Edison P, Archer HA, Gerhard A, Hinz R, Pavese N, Turkheimer FE, Hammers A, Tai YF, Fox N, Kennedy A, Rossor M, Brooks DJ. Microglia, amyloid, and cognition in Alzheimer's disease: An [11C](R)PK11195-PET and [11C]PIB-PET study. Neurobiol Dis. 2008 Dec;32(3):412-9. doi: 10.1016/j.nbd.2008.08.001. Epub 2008 Aug 15.
• Background Owen DR, Yeo AJ, Gunn RN, Song K, Wadsworth G, Lewis A, Rhodes C, Pulford DJ, Bennacef I, Parker CA, StJean PL, Cardon LR, Mooser VE, Matthews PM, Rabiner EA, Rubio JP. An 18-kDa translocator protein (TSPO) polymorphism explains differences in binding affinity of the PET radioligand PBR28. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2012 Jan;32(1):1-5. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2011.147. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
• Background Yokokura M, Mori N, Yagi S, Yoshikawa E, Kikuchi M, Yoshihara Y, Wakuda T, Sugihara G, Takebayashi K, Suda S, Iwata Y, Ueki T, Tsuchiya KJ, Suzuki K, Nakamura K, Ouchi Y. In vivo changes in microglial activation and amyloid deposits in brain regions with hypometabolism in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011 Feb;38(2):343-51. doi: 10.1007/s00259-010-1612-0. Epub 2010 Sep 16.
• Background Dickens AM, Vainio S, Marjamaki P, Johansson J, Lehtiniemi P, Rokka J, Rinne J, Solin O, Haaparanta-Solin M, Jones PA, Trigg W, Anthony DC, Airas L. Detection of microglial activation in an acute model of neuroinflammation using PET and radiotracers 11C-(R)-PK11195 and 18F-GE-180. J Nucl Med. 2014 Mar;55(3):466-72. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.113.125625. Epub 2014 Feb 10.
• Background Turkheimer FE, Rizzo G, Bloomfield PS, Howes O, Zanotti-Fregonara P, Bertoldo A, Veronese M. The methodology of TSPO imaging with positron emission tomography. Biochem Soc Trans. 2015 Aug;43(4):586-92. doi: 10.1042/BST20150058. Epub 2015 Aug 3.
• Background Rizzo G, Veronese M, Tonietto M, Zanotti-Fregonara P, Turkheimer FE, Bertoldo A. Kinetic modeling without accounting for the vascular component impairs the quantification of [(11)C]PBR28 brain PET data. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2014 Jun;34(6):1060-9. doi: 10.1038/jcbfm.2014.55. Epub 2014 Mar 26.

Drugs

Indications