Kidney Sodium Content in Cardiorenal Patients

Summary

Diuretic therapy is the cornerstone of the management of fluid overload in heart failure. Resistance to diuretic therapy is the most common reason for treatment failure in patients affected by the combination of heart failure and kidney disease. Currently, there is no way of predicting whether heart failure patients will develop resistance to diuretic therapy and what dose of diuretic is necessary to overcome diuretic resistance. Answering these questions would allow doctors to be able to prescribe an accurate dose of diuretic therapy to prevent diuretic resistance and potential side effects of an excessive diuretic dose. With magnetic resonance imaging, it is possible to measure the kidney sodium (salt) content and observe the diuretic response in patients with heart failure and kidney disease. The investigators speculate that measuring kidney sodium content will allow to predict diuretic response in these patients. The aim of this study is to compare the kidney sodium content in patients with chronic cardiorenal syndrome with and without diuretic resistance. Secondly, in a sample of patients with diagnosed diuretic resistance,the aim will be to observe the changes in kidney sodium content induced by an additional dose of diuretic therapy and to observe whether these changes are associated with a response to diuretic therapy.

Timeline

Start

2020-10-20

Primary completion

2026-12-30

Completion

2027-02-28

Publications

• Background Mosterd A, Hoes AW. Clinical epidemiology of heart failure. Heart. 2007 Sep;93(9):1137-46. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2003.025270.
• Background Chioncel O, Mebazaa A, Harjola VP, Coats AJ, Piepoli MF, Crespo-Leiro MG, Laroche C, Seferovic PM, Anker SD, Ferrari R, Ruschitzka F, Lopez-Fernandez S, Miani D, Filippatos G, Maggioni AP; ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry Investigators. Clinical phenotypes and outcome of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure: the ESC Heart Failure Long-Term Registry. Eur J Heart Fail. 2017 Oct;19(10):1242-1254. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.890. Epub 2017 Apr 30.
• Background McCullough PA, Kellum JA, Haase M, Muller C, Damman K, Murray PT, Cruz D, House AA, Schmidt-Ott KM, Vescovo G, Bagshaw SM, Hoste EA, Briguori C, Braam B, Chawla LS, Costanzo MR, Tumlin JA, Herzog CA, Mehta RL, Rabb H, Shaw AD, Singbartl K, Ronco C. Pathophysiology of the cardiorenal syndromes: executive summary from the eleventh consensus conference of the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative (ADQI). Contrib Nephrol. 2013;182:82-98. doi: 10.1159/000349966. Epub 2013 May 13.
• Background Clark AL, Kalra PR, Petrie MC, Mark PB, Tomlinson LA, Tomson CR. Change in renal function associated with drug treatment in heart failure: national guidance. Heart. 2019 Jun;105(12):904-910. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-314158.
• Background Jamison RL. The renal concentrating mechanism: micropuncture studies of the renal medulla. Fed Proc. 1983 May 15;42(8):2392-7.
• Background Faris RF, Flather M, Purcell H, Poole-Wilson PA, Coats AJ. Diuretics for heart failure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2012 Feb 15;(2):CD003838. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003838.pub3.
• Background Maril N, Rosen Y, Reynolds GH, Ivanishev A, Ngo L, Lenkinski RE. Sodium MRI of the human kidney at 3 Tesla. Magn Reson Med. 2006 Dec;56(6):1229-34. doi: 10.1002/mrm.21031.
• Background Maril N, Margalit R, Mispelter J, Degani H. Sodium magnetic resonance imaging of diuresis: spatial and kinetic response. Magn Reson Med. 2005 Mar;53(3):545-52. doi: 10.1002/mrm.20359.
• Akbari A, Lemoine S, Salerno F, Marcus TL, Duffy T, Scholl TJ, Filler G, House AA, McIntyre CW. Functional Sodium MRI Helps to Measure Corticomedullary Sodium Content in Normal and Diseased Human Kidneys. Radiology. 2022 May;303(2):384-389. doi: 10.1148/radiol.211238. Epub 2022 Feb 8.

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