Mycose AdminiStration for HealIng Alzheimer NEuropathy (MASHIANE)

Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible, progressive brain disorder that slowly destroys memory and thinking skills, and, eventually, the ability to function independently. Despite the significant effort to understand the basic biology of the disease and pharmaceutical advances to develop drugs, there is no effective therapy available to treat AD or slow the disease progression. β-amyloid accumulation outside brain cells and abnormal accumulations of tau protein inside neurons are taught to be two main changes in the brain that lead to AD. Progressive accumulation of β-amyloid interferes with the neuron-to-neuron communication at synapses, contributing to neural cell death. Also, tau tangles block the transport of nutrients and other essential molecules into the neurons. Many molecules have been shown to inhibit amyloid aggregation. The anti-amyloidogenic activity of trehalose was confirmed in both in vitro and in vivo studies and its inhibitory effects on β-amyloid formation in AD have also been demonstrated. Trehalose is a non-toxic disaccharide and no dose-dependent adverse effects were seen in any of the safety studies. It can act as a chemical chaperone and stabilizes the natively folded structure of protein and also trehalose has been identified as an autophagy inducer and promotes the clearance of aggregated proteins. Therefore, trehalose could be a valuable candidate for the treatment and prevention of amyloid-related disease. Based on the proposed hypothesis, this study aim to investigate the potential efficacy of trehalose administration in patients with AD.

Timeline

Start

2020-08-20

Primary completion

2022-03-20

Completion

2022-08-20

Publications

• Background Prince M, Comas-Herrera A, Knapp M, Guerchet M, Karagiannidou M. World Alzheimer report 2016: improving healthcare for people living with dementia: coverage, quality and costs now and in the future.
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• Background Teplow DB. Structural and kinetic features of amyloid beta-protein fibrillogenesis. Amyloid. 1998 Jun;5(2):121-42. doi: 10.3109/13506129808995290.
• Background Villemagne VL, Burnham S, Bourgeat P, Brown B, Ellis KA, Salvado O, Szoeke C, Macaulay SL, Martins R, Maruff P, Ames D, Rowe CC, Masters CL; Australian Imaging Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Research Group. Amyloid beta deposition, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline in sporadic Alzheimer's disease: a prospective cohort study. Lancet Neurol. 2013 Apr;12(4):357-67. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(13)70044-9. Epub 2013 Mar 8.
• Background Izmitli A, Schebor C, McGovern MP, Reddy AS, Abbott NL, de Pablo JJ. Effect of trehalose on the interaction of Alzheimer's Abeta-peptide and anionic lipid monolayers. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2011 Jan;1808(1):26-33. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.09.024. Epub 2010 Oct 1.
• Background Du J, Liang Y, Xu F, Sun B, Wang Z. Trehalose rescues Alzheimer's disease phenotypes in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 2013 Dec;65(12):1753-6. doi: 10.1111/jphp.12108. Epub 2013 Aug 5.
• Background Arora A, Ha C, Park CB. Inhibition of insulin amyloid formation by small stress molecules. FEBS Lett. 2004 Apr 23;564(1-2):121-5. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(04)00326-6.
• Background Tanaka M, Machida Y, Niu S, Ikeda T, Jana NR, Doi H, Kurosawa M, Nekooki M, Nukina N. Trehalose alleviates polyglutamine-mediated pathology in a mouse model of Huntington disease. Nat Med. 2004 Feb;10(2):148-54. doi: 10.1038/nm985. Epub 2004 Jan 18.
• Background Yoshizane C, Mizote A, Yamada M, Arai N, Arai S, Maruta K, Mitsuzumi H, Ariyasu T, Ushio S, Fukuda S. Glycemic, insulinemic and incretin responses after oral trehalose ingestion in healthy subjects. Nutr J. 2017 Feb 6;16(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12937-017-0233-x.
• Background Richards AB, Krakowka S, Dexter LB, Schmid H, Wolterbeek AP, Waalkens-Berendsen DH, Shigoyuki A, Kurimoto M. Trehalose: a review of properties, history of use and human tolerance, and results of multiple safety studies. Food Chem Toxicol. 2002 Jul;40(7):871-98. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(02)00011-x.
• Background Ohtake S, Wang YJ. Trehalose: current use and future applications. J Pharm Sci. 2011 Jun;100(6):2020-53. doi: 10.1002/jps.22458. Epub 2011 Feb 18.

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