Rituximab Combined With Cyclosporine Versus Rituximab Alone in the Treatment of iMN

Summary

The primary objective of this study is to determine whether or not cyclosporine (CsA) combined with RTX is more effective than RTX alone in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN).

Timeline

Start

2021-04-14

Primary completion

2022-12-20

Completion

2024-12-20

Publications

• Background Polanco N, Gutierrez E, Covarsi A, Ariza F, Carreno A, Vigil A, Baltar J, Fernandez-Fresnedo G, Martin C, Pons S, Lorenzo D, Bernis C, Arrizabalaga P, Fernandez-Juarez G, Barrio V, Sierra M, Castellanos I, Espinosa M, Rivera F, Oliet A, Fernandez-Vega F, Praga M; Grupo de Estudio de las Enfermedades Glomerulares de la Sociedad Espanola de Nefrologia. Spontaneous remission of nephrotic syndrome in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010 Apr;21(4):697-704. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2009080861. Epub 2010 Jan 28.
• Background Beck LH Jr, Bonegio RG, Lambeau G, Beck DM, Powell DW, Cummins TD, Klein JB, Salant DJ. M-type phospholipase A2 receptor as target antigen in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2009 Jul 2;361(1):11-21. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0810457.
• Background Schreiber SL, Crabtree GR. The mechanism of action of cyclosporin A and FK506. Immunol Today. 1992 Apr;13(4):136-42. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(92)90111-J.
• Background Faul C, Donnelly M, Merscher-Gomez S, Chang YH, Franz S, Delfgaauw J, Chang JM, Choi HY, Campbell KN, Kim K, Reiser J, Mundel P. The actin cytoskeleton of kidney podocytes is a direct target of the antiproteinuric effect of cyclosporine A. Nat Med. 2008 Sep;14(9):931-8. doi: 10.1038/nm.1857.
• Background Cattran DC, Alexopoulos E, Heering P, Hoyer PF, Johnston A, Meyrier A, Ponticelli C, Saito T, Choukroun G, Nachman P, Praga M, Yoshikawa N. Cyclosporin in idiopathic glomerular disease associated with the nephrotic syndrome : workshop recommendations. Kidney Int. 2007 Dec;72(12):1429-47. doi: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002553. Epub 2007 Sep 26.
• Background Fervenza FC, Appel GB, Barbour SJ, Rovin BH, Lafayette RA, Aslam N, Jefferson JA, Gipson PE, Rizk DV, Sedor JR, Simon JF, McCarthy ET, Brenchley P, Sethi S, Avila-Casado C, Beanlands H, Lieske JC, Philibert D, Li T, Thomas LF, Green DF, Juncos LA, Beara-Lasic L, Blumenthal SS, Sussman AN, Erickson SB, Hladunewich M, Canetta PA, Hebert LA, Leung N, Radhakrishnan J, Reich HN, Parikh SV, Gipson DS, Lee DK, da Costa BR, Juni P, Cattran DC; MENTOR Investigators. Rituximab or Cyclosporine in the Treatment of Membranous Nephropathy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Jul 4;381(1):36-46. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1814427.
• Background van den Brand JAJG, Ruggenenti P, Chianca A, Hofstra JM, Perna A, Ruggiero B, Wetzels JFM, Remuzzi G. Safety of Rituximab Compared with Steroids and Cyclophosphamide for Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Sep;28(9):2729-2737. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016091022. Epub 2017 May 9.
• Background Segarra A, Praga M, Ramos N, Polanco N, Cargol I, Gutierrez-Solis E, Gomez MR, Montoro B, Camps J. Successful treatment of membranous glomerulonephritis with rituximab in calcineurin inhibitor-dependent patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Jun;4(6):1083-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.06041108. Epub 2009 May 28.
• Background Waldman M, Beck LH Jr, Braun M, Wilkins K, Balow JE, Austin HA 3rd. Membranous nephropathy: Pilot study of a novel regimen combining cyclosporine and Rituximab. Kidney Int Rep. 2016 Jul;1(2):73-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ekir.2016.05.002. Epub 2016 Jun 11.
• Background Fernandez-Juarez G, Rojas-Rivera J, Logt AV, Justino J, Sevillano A, Caravaca-Fontan F, Avila A, Rabasco C, Cabello V, Varela A, Diez M, Martin-Reyes G, Diezhandino MG, Quintana LF, Agraz I, Gomez-Martino JR, Cao M, Rodriguez-Moreno A, Rivas B, Galeano C, Bonet J, Romera A, Shabaka A, Plaisier E, Espinosa M, Egido J, Segarra A, Lambeau G, Ronco P, Wetzels J, Praga M; STARMEN Investigators. The STARMEN trial indicates that alternating treatment with corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide is superior to sequential treatment with tacrolimus and rituximab in primary membranous nephropathy. Kidney Int. 2021 Apr;99(4):986-998. doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2020.10.014. Epub 2020 Nov 7.

Drugs

Indications