Effects of Ranibizumab in Primary Pterygium Surgery

Summary

Pterygium is a common ocular surface disease in Malaysia. Without treatment, it can lead to severe visual impairment. Recurrence is the commonest complication and novel treatment approaches are crucial to prevent vision loss. The biological processes underlying the formation of pterygium are complex, but central to its pathogenesis is the angiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). VEGF is upregulated under conditions of increased oxidative stress, which plays an integral role in pterygium development (Cardenas-Cantu et al., 2016, Karaman, 2018, Norrby, 1998, Rossino et al., 2020, Shibunya, 2011).Various biomarkers on pterygium have been identified and are useful to determine the effectiveness of new modality treatment for pterygium. These markers can be identified via histopathological stain such as Masson Trichrome to observe changes of collagen fibres. Other identifiable markers include the use of special immunohistochemical stain such as anti CD34 antibody for microvascular density and anti-8-OHdG antibody for oxidative changes in the pterygium tissue. By analyzing the changes with or without Ranibizumab injection in addition to observation of clinical recurrence rate of pterygium, we are able to conclude the effectiveness of anti-VEGF on pterygium recurrence. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between collagen fibres changes, microvascular density changes and inflammation resultant from oxidative stress with the clinical recurrence of pterygium following intralesional Ranibizumab injection in comparison to control group.

Timeline

Start

2018-05-01

Primary completion

2020-04-01

Completion

2020-04-30

Publications

• Background Ismaeel OM, Jaafar H, Ibrahim M. Detection of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine enzyme in recurrent pterygium raising a question on its role on recurrence. Int J Ophthalmol. 2010;3(3):245-8. doi: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2010.03.15. Epub 2010 Sep 18.
• Background Johnston SC, Williams PB, Sheppard JDJr. A Comprehensive System for Pterygium Classification. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004; 45(13): 2940.
• Background Norrby K. Microvascular density in terms of number and length of microvessel segments per unit tissue volume in mammalian angiogenesis. Microvasc Res. 1998 Jan;55(1):43-53. doi: 10.1006/mvre.1997.2054.
• Background Shibuya M. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Its Receptor (VEGFR) Signaling in Angiogenesis: A Crucial Target for Anti- and Pro-Angiogenic Therapies. Genes Cancer. 2011 Dec;2(12):1097-105. doi: 10.1177/1947601911423031.
• Background Karaman S, Leppanen VM, Alitalo K. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in development and disease. Development. 2018 Jul 20;145(14):dev151019. doi: 10.1242/dev.151019.
• Background Cardenas-Cantu E, Zavala J, Valenzuela J, Valdez-Garcia JE. Molecular Basis of Pterygium Development. Semin Ophthalmol. 2016;31(6):567-83. doi: 10.3109/08820538.2014.971822. Epub 2014 Nov 21.
• Background Rossino MG, Lulli M, Amato R, Cammalleri M, Monte MD, Casini G. Oxidative Stress Induces a VEGF Autocrine Loop in the Retina: Relevance for Diabetic Retinopathy. Cells. 2020 Jun 11;9(6):1452. doi: 10.3390/cells9061452.

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