Research and Innovation to Stop E-cigarette/Vaping in Young Adults

Summary

The aim of this study is to test intervention components to help young adults quit vaping. A 2x2 factorial design will be used where all participants receive quitline-delivered behavioral phone counseling, and components to be tested are a digital intervention (with text and online cessation support) and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT). The research questions and hypotheses for this study are: 1. Which components and combinations of intervention yield the greatest success rates for exclusive vaping cessation among young adult exclusive e-cigarette users? H1: The complete condition (NRT + digital) will yield significantly higher rates of cessation compared to the control condition (quitline only). 2. Does 8 weeks of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) improve initial cessation outcomes relative to no NRT. H2: Providing NRT will yield significantly higher quit rates compared to the No NRT condition. 3. Do tailored text-messages and online support during cessation improve initial cessation outcomes relative to no digital content? Are young adult vapers engaged with and satisfied with digital cessation tools? H3: Digital support will yield significantly higher quit rates compared to no digital support. H4: Higher engagement in digital content will be associated with higher cessation success rates.

Timeline

Start

2021-07-28

Primary completion

2022-12-30

Completion

2022-12-30

Publications

• Background Gentzke AS, Creamer M, Cullen KA, Ambrose BK, Willis G, Jamal A, King BA. Vital Signs: Tobacco Product Use Among Middle and High School Students - United States, 2011-2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019 Feb 15;68(6):157-164. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6806e1.
• Background Leavens ELS, Stevens EM, Brett EI, Leffingwell TR, Wagener TL. JUUL in school: JUUL electronic cigarette use patterns, reasons for use, and social normative perceptions among college student ever users. Addict Behav. 2019 Dec;99:106047. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106047. Epub 2019 Jul 9.
• Background Graham AL, Jacobs MA, Amato MS. Engagement and 3-Month Outcomes From a Digital E-Cigarette Cessation Program in a Cohort of 27 000 Teens and Young Adults. Nicotine Tob Res. 2020 Apr 21;22(5):859-860. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntz097. No abstract available.
• Background Brunnemann KD, Hoffmann D. The pH of tobacco smoke. Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1974 Feb;12(1):115-24. doi: 10.1016/0015-6264(74)90327-7. No abstract available.
• Background Buchanan ND, Grimmer JA, Tanwar V, Schwieterman N, Mohler PJ, Wold LE. Cardiovascular risk of electronic cigarettes: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Cardiovasc Res. 2020 Jan 1;116(1):40-50. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvz256.
• Background Tanwar V, Adelstein JM, Grimmer JA, Youtz DJ, Katapadi A, Sugar BP, Falvo MJ, Baer LA, Stanford KI, Wold LE. Preconception Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter Leads to Cardiac Dysfunction in Adult Male Offspring. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018 Dec 18;7(24):e010797. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.118.010797.
• Background Tackett AP, Keller-Hamilton B, Smith CE, Hebert ET, Metcalf JP, Queimado L, Stevens EM, Wallace SW, McQuaid EL, Wagener TL. Evaluation of Respiratory Symptoms Among Youth e-Cigarette Users. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Oct 1;3(10):e2020671. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.20671.
• Background Rogers JM. Tobacco and pregnancy: overview of exposures and effects. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2008 Mar;84(1):1-15. doi: 10.1002/bdrc.20119.
• Background Morean ME, Krishnan-Sarin S, S O'Malley S. Assessing nicotine dependence in adolescent E-cigarette users: The 4-item Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Nicotine Dependence Item Bank for electronic cigarettes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2018 Jul 1;188:60-63. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.029. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
• Background Foulds J, Veldheer S, Yingst J, Hrabovsky S, Wilson SJ, Nichols TT, Eissenberg T. Development of a questionnaire for assessing dependence on electronic cigarettes among a large sample of ex-smoking E-cigarette users. Nicotine Tob Res. 2015 Feb;17(2):186-92. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntu204. Epub 2014 Oct 19.
• Vickerman KA, Carpenter KM, Mullis K, Shoben AB, Nemeth J, Mayers E, Klein EG. Quitline-Based Young Adult Vaping Cessation: A Randomized Clinical Trial Examining NRT and mHealth. Am J Prev Med. 2025 Feb;68(2):366-376. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.10.019. Epub 2024 Dec 11.

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Indications