Protocol Design for Evaluating the Immunity of Bivalve Fluids From Anodonta Cygnea in SARS and COVID-19

Summary

The present work proposes to find if a bio-active composite in the hemolymph or plasma of the freshwater bivalve Anodonta cygnea is able to offer immunity and specificity for meliorating the major symptoms in human SARS and COVID-19 lineage infection. The Methodology concerns in silico procedures using organic fluids from 54 bivalves (in very specific conditions) to evaluate their therapeutic effects in 6 voluntary SARS and COVID-19 infected persons with an integrative diagnosis by a computational Mora®Nova apparatus to access the basal and experimental human physiological parameters.

Timeline

Start

2021-10-01

Primary completion

2022-10

Completion

2022-11

Publications

• Background Antunes F, Hinzmann M, Lopes-Lima M, Machado J, Martins da Costa P. Association between environmental microbiota and indigenous bacteria found in hemolymph, extrapallial fluid and mucus of Anodonta cygnea (Linnaeus, 1758). Microb Ecol. 2010 Aug;60(2):304-9. doi: 10.1007/s00248-010-9649-y. Epub 2010 Mar 27.
• Background Le Bert N, Tan AT, Kunasegaran K, Tham CYL, Hafezi M, Chia A, Chng MHY, Lin M, Tan N, Linster M, Chia WN, Chen MI, Wang LF, Ooi EE, Kalimuddin S, Tambyah PA, Low JG, Tan YJ, Bertoletti A. SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature. 2020 Aug;584(7821):457-462. doi: 10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
• Background Allam B, Raftos D. Immune responses to infectious diseases in bivalves. J Invertebr Pathol. 2015 Oct;131:121-36. doi: 10.1016/j.jip.2015.05.005. Epub 2015 May 21.
• Background Green TJ, Speck P. Antiviral Defense and Innate Immune Memory in the Oyster. Viruses. 2018 Mar 16;10(3):133. doi: 10.3390/v10030133.
• Background Guo L, Ren L, Yang S, Xiao M, Chang D, Yang F, Dela Cruz CS, Wang Y, Wu C, Xiao Y, Zhang L, Han L, Dang S, Xu Y, Yang QW, Xu SY, Zhu HD, Xu YC, Jin Q, Sharma L, Wang L, Wang J. Profiling Early Humoral Response to Diagnose Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Jul 28;71(15):778-785. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa310.
• Background Sousa H, Hinzmann M. Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve's immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds. Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Mar;98:971-980. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.062. Epub 2019 Oct 30.

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