Effects of Minocycline on Patients With Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Intravenous Thrombectomy

Summary

Minocycline is the second generation of tetracycline. Because of its lipophilicity, it has high penetrance of blood-brain barrier. Animal model studies have shown that minocycline can reduce cerebral damage after ischemic stroke, and its mechanism involves multiple molecular pathways, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti apoptotic pathways, and protection of blood-brain barrier. Clinical studies have also shown that minocycline can significantly improve 3-month National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of patients with ischemic stroke, indicating that minocycline is a potential neuroprotective drug. Minocycline is believed to protect the blood-brain barrier, thereby reducing the ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by mechanical thrombectomy. However, whether minocycline can become a synergistic treatment method of mechanical thrombectomy, there is no clinical research in this area at present. Therefore, investigators carry out the study on the effect of minocycline in patients with acute anterior circulation ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy, and plan to enroll 180 patients. To explore the safety and effectiveness of minocycline in patients with acute ischemic stroke after thrombectomy.

Timeline

Start

2022-11-01

Primary completion

2025-06-10

Completion

2025-09-10

Publications

• Background Hacke W, Kaste M, Bluhmki E, Brozman M, Davalos A, Guidetti D, Larrue V, Lees KR, Medeghri Z, Machnig T, Schneider D, von Kummer R, Wahlgren N, Toni D; ECASS Investigators. Thrombolysis with alteplase 3 to 4.5 hours after acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2008 Sep 25;359(13):1317-29. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0804656.
• Background Yenari MA, Xu L, Tang XN, Qiao Y, Giffard RG. Microglia potentiate damage to blood-brain barrier constituents: improvement by minocycline in vivo and in vitro. Stroke. 2006 Apr;37(4):1087-93. doi: 10.1161/01.STR.0000206281.77178.ac. Epub 2006 Feb 23.
• Background Matsukawa N, Yasuhara T, Hara K, Xu L, Maki M, Yu G, Kaneko Y, Ojika K, Hess DC, Borlongan CV. Therapeutic targets and limits of minocycline neuroprotection in experimental ischemic stroke. BMC Neurosci. 2009 Oct 6;10:126. doi: 10.1186/1471-2202-10-126.
• Background Liao TV, Forehand CC, Hess DC, Fagan SC. Minocycline repurposing in critical illness: focus on stroke. Curr Top Med Chem. 2013;13(18):2283-90. doi: 10.2174/15680266113136660160.
• Background Yang Y, Salayandia VM, Thompson JF, Yang LY, Estrada EY, Yang Y. Attenuation of acute stroke injury in rat brain by minocycline promotes blood-brain barrier remodeling and alternative microglia/macrophage activation during recovery. J Neuroinflammation. 2015 Feb 10;12:26. doi: 10.1186/s12974-015-0245-4.
• Background Muhammad S, Planz O, Schwaninger M. Increased Plasma Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels Contribute to Intracerebral Hemorrhage during Thrombolysis after Concomitant Stroke and Influenza Infection. Cerebrovasc Dis Extra. 2016;6(2):50-9. doi: 10.1159/000447750. Epub 2016 Aug 25.
• Background Fagan SC, Waller JL, Nichols FT, Edwards DJ, Pettigrew LC, Clark WM, Hall CE, Switzer JA, Ergul A, Hess DC. Minocycline to improve neurologic outcome in stroke (MINOS): a dose-finding study. Stroke. 2010 Oct;41(10):2283-7. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.582601. Epub 2010 Aug 12.
• Background Lampl Y, Boaz M, Gilad R, Lorberboym M, Dabby R, Rapoport A, Anca-Hershkowitz M, Sadeh M. Minocycline treatment in acute stroke: an open-label, evaluator-blinded study. Neurology. 2007 Oct 2;69(14):1404-10. doi: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000277487.04281.db.
• Background Elkins J, Veltkamp R, Montaner J, Johnston SC, Singhal AB, Becker K, Lansberg MG, Tang W, Chang I, Muralidharan K, Gheuens S, Mehta L, Elkind MSV. Safety and efficacy of natalizumab in patients with acute ischaemic stroke (ACTION): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 2 trial. Lancet Neurol. 2017 Mar;16(3):217-226. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30357-X. Epub 2017 Feb 15.
• Background Nogueira RG, Jadhav AP, Haussen DC, Bonafe A, Budzik RF, Bhuva P, Yavagal DR, Ribo M, Cognard C, Hanel RA, Sila CA, Hassan AE, Millan M, Levy EI, Mitchell P, Chen M, English JD, Shah QA, Silver FL, Pereira VM, Mehta BP, Baxter BW, Abraham MG, Cardona P, Veznedaroglu E, Hellinger FR, Feng L, Kirmani JF, Lopes DK, Jankowitz BT, Frankel MR, Costalat V, Vora NA, Yoo AJ, Malik AM, Furlan AJ, Rubiera M, Aghaebrahim A, Olivot JM, Tekle WG, Shields R, Graves T, Lewis RJ, Smith WS, Liebeskind DS, Saver JL, Jovin TG; DAWN Trial Investigators. Thrombectomy 6 to 24 Hours after Stroke with a Mismatch between Deficit and Infarct. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jan 4;378(1):11-21. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1706442. Epub 2017 Nov 11.
• Zhang X, Wei D, Li Y, Zhang H, Yao L, Yuan X, Liu W, Ma X, Wang B, Qin N, Li D, Shi R, Fan Z, Wang X, Wang L, Liu Z, Wang L, Wang D, Zhao J, Jiang W; MIST-A Study Group. Efficacy and safety of minocycline on patients with acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke undergoing mechanical thrombectomy (MIST-A): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint, phase 2 trial. Lancet Reg Health West Pac. 2026 Jun 5;71:101898. doi: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2026.101898. eCollection 2026 Jun.
• Zhang X, Zhao J, Sun Z, Wei D, Yao L, Li W, Zhu H, Liu W, Zhang H, Yuan X, Ma X, Meng J, Wang B, Jia Y, Qin N, Jiang W; MIST-A Study Group. Effects of minocycline on patients with acute anterior circulation ischaemic stroke undergoing intravenous thrombectomy (MIST-A): the study protocol for a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded-endpoint trial. BMJ Open. 2024 Dec 20;14(12):e093443. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-093443.

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