Antimicrobial Revision in Persistent Febrile Neutropenia

Summary

Febrile neutropenia is often seen in patients with hematologic malignancies who receive cytotoxic chemotherapy. These patients are usually placed on posaconazole prophylaxis upon starting chemotherapy. If an episode of febrile neutropenia occurs, generally an anti-pseudomonal beta lactam, like cefepime or piperacillin-tazobactam, is initiated. In patients who continue to fever on these agents, the optimal method of antimicrobial revision has yet to be determined.

Timeline

Start

2024-08

Primary completion

2025-04

Completion

2025-04

Publications

• Background National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines®). Prevention and Treatment of Cancer-Related Infections Version 1.2022. Accessed July 12, 2022. https://www.nccn.org/guidelines/guidelines-detail?category=3&id=1457
• Background Freifeld AG, Bow EJ, Sepkowitz KA, Boeckh MJ, Ito JI, Mullen CA, Raad II, Rolston KV, Young JA, Wingard JR; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 update by the infectious diseases society of america. Clin Infect Dis. 2011 Feb 15;52(4):e56-93. doi: 10.1093/cid/cir073.
• Background Averbuch D, Orasch C, Cordonnier C, Livermore DM, Mikulska M, Viscoli C, Gyssens IC, Kern WV, Klyasova G, Marchetti O, Engelhard D, Akova M; ECIL4, a joint venture of EBMT, EORTC, ICHS, ESGICH/ESCMID and ELN. European guidelines for empirical antibacterial therapy for febrile neutropenic patients in the era of growing resistance: summary of the 2011 4th European Conference on Infections in Leukemia. Haematologica. 2013 Dec;98(12):1826-35. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2013.091025.
• Background Zimmer AJ, Freifeld AG. Optimal Management of Neutropenic Fever in Patients With Cancer. J Oncol Pract. 2019 Jan;15(1):19-24. doi: 10.1200/JOP.18.00269.
• Background Walsh TJ, Teppler H, Donowitz GR, Maertens JA, Baden LR, Dmoszynska A, Cornely OA, Bourque MR, Lupinacci RJ, Sable CA, dePauw BE. Caspofungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in patients with persistent fever and neutropenia. N Engl J Med. 2004 Sep 30;351(14):1391-402. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040446.
• Background Oyake T, Kowata S, Murai K, Ito S, Akagi T, Kubo K, Sawada K, Ishida Y. Comparison of micafungin and voriconazole as empirical antifungal therapies in febrile neutropenic patients with hematological disorders: a randomized controlled trial. Eur J Haematol. 2016 Jun;96(6):602-9. doi: 10.1111/ejh.12641. Epub 2015 Aug 26.
• Background Oztoprak N, Piskin N, Aydemir H, Celebi G, Akduman D, Keskin AS, Gokmen A, Engin H, Ankarali H. Piperacillin-tazobactam versus carbapenem therapy with and without amikacin as empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia in cancer patients: results of an open randomized trial at a university hospital. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 2010 Aug;40(8):761-7. doi: 10.1093/jjco/hyq046. Epub 2010 Apr 28.
• Background Wang Y, Du Z, Chen Y, Liu Y, Yang Z. Meta-analysis: combination of meropenem vs ceftazidime and amikacin for empirical treatment of cancer patients with febrile neutropenia. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Feb 26;100(8):e24883. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000024883.
• Background Nakane T, Tamura K, Hino M, Tamaki T, Yoshida I, Fukushima T, Tatsumi Y, Nakagawa Y, Hatanaka K, Takahashi T, Akiyama N, Tanimoto M, Ohyashiki K, Urabe A, Masaoka T, Kanamaru A; Japan Febrile Neutropenia Study Group. Cefozopran, meropenem, or imipenem-cilastatin compared with cefepime as empirical therapy in febrile neutropenic adult patients: A multicenter prospective randomized trial. J Infect Chemother. 2015 Jan;21(1):16-22. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.08.026. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
• Background Nakagawa Y, Suzuki K, Ohta K, Hino M, Ohyashiki K, Kanamaru A, Tamura K, Urabe A, Masaoka T; Japan Febrile Neutropenia Study Group. Prospective randomized study of cefepime, panipenem, or meropenem monotherapy for patients with hematological disorders and febrile neutropenia. J Infect Chemother. 2013 Feb;19(1):103-11. doi: 10.1007/s10156-012-0466-8. Epub 2012 Sep 5.
• Background Ratliff CM, Beardsley JR, Kennedy L, Ohl C, Johnson JW, Luther VP, William JC. Efficacy of doripenem compared with meropenem for treatment of febrile neutropenia among patients who became febrile while on cefepime or piperacillin-tazobactam. Poster Presented at: Infectious Diseases Society of America Annual Meeting; October 21, 2011; Boston, MA. https://idsa.confex.com/idsa/2011/webprogram/Paper30902.html

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