Melphalan Chemoreduction for Ocular Melanoma

Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate a new approach for treating large uveal melanomas, a type of eye cancer. The study aims to determine the effectiveness of using intra-arterial melphalan, a chemotherapy drug, to reduce tumor thickness, allowing for subsequent radiation therapy using a Ru-106 plaque. The main questions this trial seeks to answer are: * Can intra-arterial melphalan effectively reduce the thickness of large uveal melanomas? * Is the combination of intra-arterial melphalan and brachytherapy a safe and effective treatment option for these tumors? Participants enrolled in the trial have clinically diagnosed choroidal melanoma with tumor thickness equal to or greater than 8.00 mm. They will undergo a procedure where the chemotherapy drug is injected directly into the blood vessels that supply the tumor. After a few weeks, they will receive the radiation treatment using a small device placed on the eye. Throughout the trial, participants will have different tests to monitor the tumor and their vision, such as ultrasound scans, pictures of the inside of the eye, and a test called electroretinography (ERG) to check the function of the retina. These tests will be done at the start of the trial and at 1, 3, and 6 months later to track the progress of the treatment.

Timeline

Start

2021-05-01

Primary completion

2025-12

Completion

2025-12

Publications

• Background Krantz BA, Dave N, Komatsubara KM, Marr BP, Carvajal RD. Uveal melanoma: epidemiology, etiology, and treatment of primary disease. Clin Ophthalmol. 2017 Jan 31;11:279-289. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S89591. eCollection 2017.
• Background Singh M, Durairaj P, Yeung J. Uveal Melanoma: A Review of the Literature. Oncol Ther. 2018 Jun;6(1):87-104. doi: 10.1007/s40487-018-0056-8. Epub 2018 Feb 6.
• Background American Brachytherapy Society - Ophthalmic Oncology Task Force. Electronic address: [email protected]; ABS - OOTF Committee. The American Brachytherapy Society consensus guidelines for plaque brachytherapy of uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma. Brachytherapy. 2014 Jan-Feb;13(1):1-14. doi: 10.1016/j.brachy.2013.11.008. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
• Background Reichstein DA, Brock AL. Radiation therapy for uveal melanoma: a review of treatment methods available in 2021. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2021 May 1;32(3):183-190. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0000000000000761.
• Background Parker T, Rigney G, Kallos J, Stefko ST, Kano H, Niranjan A, Green AL, Aziz T, Rath P, Lunsford LD. Gamma knife radiosurgery for uveal melanomas and metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2020 Nov;21(11):1526-1536. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30459-9.
• Background Marinkovic M, Pors LJ, van den Berg V, Peters FP, Schalenbourg A, Zografos L, Pica A, Hrbacek J, Van Duinen SG, Vu THK, Bleeker JC, Rasch CRN, Jager MJ, Luyten GPM, Horeweg N. Clinical Outcomes after International Referral of Uveal Melanoma Patients for Proton Therapy. Cancers (Basel). 2021 Dec 13;13(24):6241. doi: 10.3390/cancers13246241.
• Background Thariat J, Martel A, Matet A, Loria O, Kodjikian L, Nguyen AM, Rosier L, Herault J, Nahon-Esteve S, Mathis T. Non-Cancer Effects following Ionizing Irradiation Involving the Eye and Orbit. Cancers (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;14(5):1194. doi: 10.3390/cancers14051194.
• Background CREECH O Jr, KREMENTZ ET, RYAN RF, WINBLAD JN. Chemotherapy of cancer: regional perfusion utilizing an extracorporeal circuit. Ann Surg. 1958 Oct;148(4):616-32. doi: 10.1097/00000658-195810000-00009. No abstract available.
• Background Hansson J, Lewensohn R, Ringborg U, Nilsson B. Formation and removal of DNA cross-links induced by melphalan and nitrogen mustard in relation to drug-induced cytotoxicity in human melanoma cells. Cancer Res. 1987 May 15;47(10):2631-7.
• Background Minor DR, Allen RE, Alberts D, Peng YM, Tardelli G, Hutchinson J. A clinical and pharmacokinetic study of isolated limb perfusion with heat and melphalan for melanoma. Cancer. 1985 Jun 1;55(11):2638-44. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19850601)55:113.0.co;2-e.
• Background Shields CL, Jorge R, Say EA, Magrath G, Alset A, Caywood E, Leahey AM, Jabbour P, Shields JA. Unilateral Retinoblastoma Managed With Intravenous Chemotherapy Versus Intra-Arterial Chemotherapy. Outcomes Based on the International Classification of Retinoblastoma. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2016 Mar-Apr;5(2):97-103. doi: 10.1097/APO.0000000000000172.
• Background Karydis I, Gangi A, Wheater MJ, Choi J, Wilson I, Thomas K, Pearce N, Takhar A, Gupta S, Hardman D, Sileno S, Stedman B, Zager JS, Ottensmeier C. Percutaneous hepatic perfusion with melphalan in uveal melanoma: A safe and effective treatment modality in an orphan disease. J Surg Oncol. 2018 May;117(6):1170-1178. doi: 10.1002/jso.24956. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
• Background Francis JH, Abramson DH, Gobin YP, Marr BP, Dunkel IJ, Riedel ER, Brodie SE. Electroretinogram monitoring of dose-dependent toxicity after ophthalmic artery chemosurgery in retinoblastoma eyes: six year review. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 20;9(1):e84247. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084247. eCollection 2014.
• Background Robson AG, Frishman LJ, Grigg J, Hamilton R, Jeffrey BG, Kondo M, Li S, McCulloch DL. ISCEV Standard for full-field clinical electroretinography (2022 update). Doc Ophthalmol. 2022 Jun;144(3):165-177. doi: 10.1007/s10633-022-09872-0. Epub 2022 May 5.

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Indications