Comparing Spinal Anesthesia With 1% Chloroprocaine Versus 1% Mepivacaine in Patients Undergoing Outpatient Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty

Summary

This study or clinical trial looking to compare 2 types of freezing medications injected into the spinal fluid at the lower back between the vertebrae in patients going to have total knee replacement surgery to check for early legs movement, early discharge from recovery room, walking and hospital discharge. This could save hospital cost of such procedures.

Timeline

Start

2026-03-31

Primary completion

2027-04-04

Completion

2027-06-15

Publications

• Background Herndon CL, Martinez R, Sarpong NO, Geller JA, Shah RP, Cooper HJ. Spinal Anesthesia Using Chloroprocaine is Safe, Effective, and Facilitates Earlier Discharge in Selected Fast-track Total Hip Arthroplasty. Arthroplast Today. 2020 Jun 1;6(3):305-308. doi: 10.1016/j.artd.2020.04.007. eCollection 2020 Sep.
• Background Callaghan JJ, Mont MA. Editorial: Proceedings of the Knee Society: A Knee Society-Journal of Arthroplasty Collaborative Partnership! J Arthroplasty. 2022 Jun;37(6S):S1. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.02.078. Epub 2022 Feb 26. No abstract available.
• Background Teunkens A, Vermeulen K, Van Gerven E, Fieuws S, Van de Velde M, Rex S. Comparison of 2-Chloroprocaine, Bupivacaine, and Lidocaine for Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Knee Arthroscopy in an Outpatient Setting: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2016 Sep-Oct;41(5):576-83. doi: 10.1097/AAP.0000000000000420.
• Background Lacasse MA, Roy JD, Forget J, Vandenbroucke F, Seal RF, Beaulieu D, McCormack M, Massicotte L. Comparison of bupivacaine and 2-chloroprocaine for spinal anesthesia for outpatient surgery: a double-blind randomized trial. Can J Anaesth. 2011 Apr;58(4):384-91. doi: 10.1007/s12630-010-9450-x. Epub 2011 Jan 4.
• Background Gilreath N, Liu J, Thomson C, Daher M, Caus S, Dunn H, Antoci V Jr, Barrett T, Cohen E. Retrospective comparison of chloroprocaine and mepivacaine in spinal anesthesia for same-day discharge TKA. Knee Surg Relat Res. 2025 Aug 7;37(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s43019-025-00283-4.
• Background Alhefeiti K, Patrascu AM, Lustig S, Aubrun F, Dziadzko M. Perioperative Outcomes in Patients Who Received Spinal Chloroprocaine for Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty-Consecutive Case Series Study. J Clin Med. 2022 Sep 29;11(19):5771. doi: 10.3390/jcm11195771.
• Background Ghisi D, Boschetto G, Spinelli AM, Giannone S, Frugiuele J, Ciccarello M, Bonarelli S. Spinal anaesthesia with Chloroprocaine HCl 1% for elective lower limb procedures of short duration: a prospective, randomised, observer-blind study in adult patients. BMC Anesthesiol. 2021 Feb 20;21(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s12871-021-01279-9.
• Background Pillow CF, Brewbaker C, Wolf BJ, Barrett W, Hansen E, Brown A, Crawford D, Wilson SH. Mepivacaine versus bupivacaine spinal anesthesia for return of motor function following total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2025 May 1:rapm-2024-106342. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2024-106342. Online ahead of print.
• Background Schwenk ES, Kasper VP, Smoker JD, Mendelson AM, Austin MS, Brown SA, Hozack WJ, Cohen AJ, Li JJ, Wahal CS, Baratta JL, Torjman MC, Nemeth AC, Czerwinski EE. Mepivacaine versus Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia for Early Postoperative Ambulation. Anesthesiology. 2020 Oct 1;133(4):801-811. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000003480.
• Background Forster JG. Short-acting spinal anesthesia in the ambulatory setting. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2014 Dec;27(6):597-604. doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000000126.
• Background Siddiqi A, Mahmoud Y, Secic M, Tozzi JM, Emara A, Piuzzi NS, Culp B, Schwarzkopf R, Springer BD, Chen AF. Mepivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthesia for Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Arthroplasty. 2022 Jul;37(7):1396-1404.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.03.031. Epub 2022 Mar 17.
• Background Wyles CC, Pagnano MW, Trousdale RT, Sierra RJ, Taunton MJ, Perry KI, Larson DR, Amundson AW, Smith HM, Duncan CM, Abdel MP. More Predictable Return of Motor Function with Mepivacaine Versus Bupivacaine Spinal Anesthetic in Total Hip and Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Double-Blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2020 Sep 16;102(18):1609-1615. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.20.00231.
• Background Mahan MC, Jildeh TR, Tenbrunsel TN, Davis JJ. Mepivacaine Spinal Anesthesia Facilitates Rapid Recovery in Total Knee Arthroplasty Compared to Bupivacaine. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jun;33(6):1699-1704. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.01.009. Epub 2018 Jan 16.
• Background Camponovo C, Wulf H, Ghisi D, Fanelli A, Riva T, Cristina D, Vassiliou T, Leschka K, Fanelli G. Intrathecal 1% 2-chloroprocaine vs. 0.5% bupivacaine in ambulatory surgery: a prospective, observer-blinded, randomised, controlled trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2014 May;58(5):560-6. doi: 10.1111/aas.12291. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
• Background Casati A, Fanelli G, Danelli G, Berti M, Ghisi D, Brivio M, Putzu M, Barbagallo A. Spinal anesthesia with lidocaine or preservative-free 2-chlorprocaine for outpatient knee arthroscopy: a prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison. Anesth Analg. 2007 Apr;104(4):959-64. doi: 10.1213/01.ane.0000258766.73612.d8.
• Background Goldblum E, Atchabahian A. The use of 2-chloroprocaine for spinal anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013 May;57(5):545-52. doi: 10.1111/aas.12071. Epub 2013 Jan 16.
• Background Capdevila X, Aveline C, Delaunay L, Bouaziz H, Zetlaoui P, Choquet O, Jouffroy L, Herman-Demars H, Bonnet F. Impact of Chloroprocaine on the Eligibility for Hospital Discharge in Patients Requiring Ambulatory Surgery Under Spinal Anesthesia: An Observational Multicenter Prospective Study. Adv Ther. 2020 Jan;37(1):541-551. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01172-5. Epub 2019 Dec 11.
• Background Wesselink E, Hurk GJD, Vegt RV, Slagt C, Aa JV, Franssen E, Ven PV, Swart N, Boer C, Leeuw M. Chloroprocaine versus prilocaine for spinal anesthesia in ambulatory knee arthroscopy: a double-blind randomized trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Aug 21:rapm-2019-100673. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2019-100673. Online ahead of print.
• Background Kim SW, Khandaker R, Muse IO, Pulverenti T, Goman M, Patel J, Yedlin A, Balikai CP, Levine R, Choice C, Montilla Medrano E. Comparison of 1% chloroprocaine hydrochloride versus hyperbaric bupivacaine spinal in patients undergoing anorectal surgery in an ambulatory surgery center: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2026 Mar 5;51(3):324-329. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2024-106130.
• Background Singh NP, Siddiqui NT, Makkar JK, Guffey R, Singh PM. Optimal local anesthetic for spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing ambulatory non-arthroplasty surgery: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Can J Anaesth. 2025 Apr;72(4):550-566. doi: 10.1007/s12630-025-02924-4. Epub 2025 Apr 8.
• Background Forget P, Borovac JA, Thackeray EM, Pace NL. Transient neurological symptoms (TNS) following spinal anaesthesia with lidocaine versus other local anaesthetics in adult surgical patients: a network meta-analysis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019 Dec 1;12(12):CD003006. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003006.pub4.
• Background Khurana BJK, Choudhary S, Singhal M, Rautela RS, Salhotra R, Singh A, Meena S. Comparison of Intrathecal Chloroprocaine With Bupivacaine in Short Gynecological Procedures: A Randomized Double-Blind Study. Cureus. 2023 Aug 27;15(8):e44187. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44187. eCollection 2023 Aug.
• Background Gu L, Smith CR, Ihnatsenka B, Zasimovich Y, Le-Wendling L. Comparing Spinal Chloroprocaine to Hyperbaric and Isobaric Bupivacaine for Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasties: A Retrospective Study. Cureus. 2023 Mar 3;15(3):e35729. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35729. eCollection 2023 Mar.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.