Vancomycin in TKAs

Summary

Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a national health crisis and leads to very poor outcomes for patients undergoing elective joint replacement. Within the realm of elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA), various methods of infection prophylaxis are in place. These include sterile precautions, would/tissue handling, and antibiotic prophylaxis. With respect to the latter, various approaches have been utilized including intravenous and intraosseous administration of vancomycin, preoperatively. Intraosseous administration does require another wound and a specific device to administer. The investigators proposed that intraarticular injection of vancomycin is non-inferior to intraosseous administration, thus reducing wounds, time, and cost.

Timeline

Start

2024-06-10

Primary completion

2026-12-31

Completion

2028-12-31

Publications

• Background Premkumar A, Kolin DA, Farley KX, Wilson JM, McLawhorn AS, Cross MB, Sculco PK. Projected Economic Burden of Periprosthetic Joint Infection of the Hip and Knee in the United States. J Arthroplasty. 2021 May;36(5):1484-1489.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2020.12.005. Epub 2020 Dec 9.
• Background Xu Y, Huang TB, Schuetz MA, Choong PFM. Mortality, patient-reported outcome measures, and the health economic burden of prosthetic joint infection. EFORT Open Rev. 2023 Sep 1;8(9):690-697. doi: 10.1530/EOR-23-0078.
• Background Spangehl MJ, Clarke HD, Moore GA, Zhang M, Probst NE, Young SW. Higher Tissue Concentrations of Vancomycin Achieved With Low-Dose Intraosseous Injection Versus Intravenous Despite Limited Tourniquet Duration in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Trial. J Arthroplasty. 2022 May;37(5):857-863. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.01.057. Epub 2022 Jan 26.
• Background Park KJ, Chapleau J, Sullivan TC, Clyburn TA, Incavo SJ. 2021 Chitranjan S. Ranawat Award: Intraosseous vancomycin reduces periprosthetic joint infection in primary total knee arthroplasty at 90-day follow-up. Bone Joint J. 2021 Jun;103-B(6 Supple A):13-17. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.103B6.BJJ-2020-2401.R1.
• Background Miltenberg B, Ludwick L, Masood R, Menendez ME, Moverman MA, Pagani NR, Puzzitiello RN, Smith EL. Intraosseous Regional Administration of Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review. J Arthroplasty. 2023 Apr;38(4):769-774. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2022.10.023. Epub 2022 Oct 22.
• Background Shao H, Zhou Y. Management of soft tissues in patients with periprosthetic joint infection. Arthroplasty. 2023 Oct 3;5(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s42836-023-00205-3.
• Background Hu M, Zhang Y, Yang X, Wang Y, Xu H, Xiang S. Intraarticular vancomycin decreased the risk of acute postoperative periprosthetic joint infection without increasing complication in primary total joint arthroplasty-a prospective study. Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Nov;136:64-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.09.004. Epub 2023 Sep 14.
• Background Burns AWR, Smith P, Lynch J. Intra-articular Vancomycin Reduces Prosthetic Infection in Primary Hip and Knee Arthroplasty. Arthroplast Today. 2024 Feb 24;26:101333. doi: 10.1016/j.artd.2024.101333. eCollection 2024 Apr.
• Background Matziolis G, Brodt S, Bohle S, Kirschberg J, Jacob B, Rohner E. Intraarticular vancomycin powder is effective in preventing infections following total hip and knee arthroplasty. Sci Rep. 2020 Aug 3;10(1):13053. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69958-0.
• Background R S, P S, Gh S, S B, M E, Ja B. Analysis of systemic serum vancomycin levels following intraarticular application in primary total joint arthroplasty. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2024 Dec 18;145(1):60. doi: 10.1007/s00402-024-05688-6.
• Background Martin VT, Zhang Y, Wang Z, Liu QL, Yu B. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing intrawound vancomycin powder and povidone iodine lavage in the prevention of periprosthetic joint infection of hip and knee arthroplasties. J Orthop Sci. 2024 Jan;29(1):165-176. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2022.11.013. Epub 2022 Dec 2.
• Background Burns AWR, Chao T, Tsai N, Lynch JT, Smith PN. The use of intra-articular vancomycin is safe in primary hip and knee arthroplasty. J Orthop. 2023 Nov 4;46:161-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.10.017. eCollection 2023 Dec.
• Background Martinez WF, Camacho Terceros L, Garbini F, Bochatey EJ, Lopreite FA. Complications of intraosseous administration of vancomycin in total hip arthroplasty. Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol. 2025 Jul-Aug;69(4):340-346. doi: 10.1016/j.recot.2024.08.002. Epub 2024 Aug 8. English, Spanish.
• Background Park KJ, Wininger AE, Sullivan TC, Varghese B, Clyburn TA, Incavo SJ. Superior Clinical Results With Intraosseous Vancomycin in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2025 Oct;40(10):2650-2654. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.04.074. Epub 2025 May 5.
• Background McNamara CA, Wininger AE, Sullivan TC, Brown TS, Clyburn TA, Incavo SJ, Park KJ. The AAHKS Best Podium Presentation Research Award: Intraosseous Vancomycin Reduces the Rate of Periprosthetic Joint Infection Following Aseptic Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2025 Sep;40(9S1):S28-S32. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2025.04.060. Epub 2025 May 6.

Drugs

Indications

No indication recorded.