Drugs / Riboflavin
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Riboflavin

Other / unclassified

Developed for
keratoconus · corneal ulcer · HIV infectious disease · lactic acidosis · alcohol withdrawal · anemia · astigmatism · brain injury
+18 more · brittle cornea syndrome · burning mouth syndrome · cardiomyopathy · central serous chorioretinopathy · cervical cancer · congestive heart failure · corneal ectasia · corneal neovascularization · Down syndrome · hyperopia · ischemic stroke · keratitis · mouth mucosa disorder · myopia · pellucid marginal degeneration · psoriasis · eating disorder · ulcerative stomatitis
Investigated by
Glaukos Corporation · National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) · Peschke GmbH · Stephen Trokel · Aga Khan University · Alcon Research
+43 more · Aravind Eye Care System · CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network · Castillo, José, M.D. · Cornea Research Foundation of America · Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. LTD. · Epion Therapeutics · Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology · Gadjah Mada University · Georgetown University · GlaxoSmithKline · Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology · Hadassah Medical Organization · Instituto de Olhos de Goiania · James Madison University · Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health · Joseph B. Ciolino, MD · Kent Wellish MD · Luzerner Kantonsspital · National Eye Institute (NEI) · Nvision Laser Eye Centers · Ontario HIV Treatment Network · Oregon Health and Science University · POLYSAN Scientific & Technological Pharmaceutical Company · Phoenix VA Health Care System · Price Vision Group · Prince of Songkla University · Queen's University · Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University · Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust · Stanford University · Thomas M. Lietman · Topcon Medical Systems, Inc. · Ufa Eye Research Institute · University of British Columbia · University of Miami · University of Michigan · University of Missouri-Columbia · University of Sao Paulo · University of Virginia · Vishal Jhanji · Woolfson Eye Institute · World Cancer Research Fund International · Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of TCM

Regulatory milestones approvals, filings & regulatory actions · 1 recorded

MilestoneJurisdictionBrandIndicationDateSentence it was read from
Approved US (FDA) M.V.I.-12 ADULT — 1953-02-20 fda.gov ↗

Trials 44

PhaseRegistry idDatesIndicationSponsorStatusOutcome
Phase 02 trials
Phase 0 NCT04731727 Jun 2021 → Dec 2026 expected keratoconus Kent Wellish MD Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT04481841 Jul 2020 → Feb 2022 burning mouth syndrome, mouth mucosa disorder Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 11 trial
Phase 1 NCT02068430 Nov 2008 → Dec 2015 corneal ulcer Stephen Trokel Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/25 trials
Phase 1/2 NCT05489510 Aug 2023 → Dec 2031 keratoconus Vishal Jhanji Withdrawn No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 1/2 NCT05314738 Mar 2022 → Aug 2025 overdue keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01893359 Aug 2013 → Feb 2015 astigmatism, hyperopia Glaukos Corporation Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT01582880 Mar 2012 → Mar 2014 Stevens-Johnson syndrome, corneal disorder, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, rheumatoid arthritis +1 Joseph B. Ciolino, MD Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1/2 NCT00220532 Jul 2005 → May 2007 cervical cancer Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 28 trials
Phase 2 NCT07559149 Jul 2024 → Feb 2025 corneal ulcer Gadjah Mada University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT04232800 Dec 2021 → Aug 2022 alcohol withdrawal, alcohol-related disorders, nutritional disorder Oregon Health and Science University Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT03552016 Oct 2018 → Oct 2029 myopia University of Missouri-Columbia Suspended No outcome recorded Stop: Business
Phase 2 NCT02622386 Aug 2016 → Apr 2020 psoriasis University of Michigan Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT02446977 Mar → Dec 2015 ischemic stroke Castillo, José, M.D. Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT02276989 Dec 2014 → Jan 2016 chronic pain syndrome Georgetown University Withdrawn No outcome recorded Stop: Enrollment
Phase 2 NCT02762253 Sep 2012 → Apr 2016 keratoconus Nvision Laser Eye Centers Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 2 NCT00963131 Dec 2004 → Dec 2008 central serous chorioretinopathy Prince of Songkla University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 2/34 trials
Phase 2/3 NCT05255016 Mar 2022 → Nov 2023 corneal ulcer Peschke GmbH Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT05255107 Mar 2022 → Nov 2023 corneal ulcer Peschke GmbH Unknown No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT04787471 May 2021 → Jul 2029 expected corneal neovascularization Price Vision Group Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 2/3 NCT00143702 Aug 2001 → Aug 2006 lactic acidosis University of British Columbia Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 311 trials · 2 met primary · 2 missed
Phase 3 NCT07135167 Aug 2025 → Nov 2028 expected Down syndrome, keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration Woolfson Eye Institute Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT06100952 Nov 2023 → Feb 2026 keratoconus Epion Therapeutics Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT04631484 Nov 2020 → May 2024 brain injury POLYSAN Scientific & Technological Pharmaceutical Company Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT04097730 Sep 2020 → May 2024 keratitis Thomas M. Lietman Completed Missed primary
Phase 3 NCT03442751 Apr 2018 → Nov 2019 keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Completed Met primary
Phase 3 NCT03426553 Jan → Sep 2018 cancer-related condition, hematologic disorder Federal Research Institute of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT01972854 Nov 2013 → Mar 2016 keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT01643226 Jul 2012 → Jul 2015 keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT01344187 Jul 2012 → Jun 2015 keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 3 NCT01398852 Dec 2010 → Jul 2012 keratoconus Topcon Medical Systems, Inc. Terminated No outcome recorded
Phase 45 trials · 1 met primary
Phase 4 NCT07592897 Jun → Nov 2026 expected — University of Sao Paulo Not yet recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT07629557 May 2026 → Sep 2027 expected keratoconus Glaukos Corporation Recruiting No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT02415777 Oct 2014 → Jul 2015 — Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co. LTD. Completed Met primary
Phase 4 NCT01485211 Jan 2010 → Nov 2011 keratoconus Instituto de Olhos de Goiania Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 4 NCT00202228 Jul 2002 → Oct 2008 AIDS, lactic acidosis, lipodystrophy Queen's University Completed No outcome recorded
Phase not applicable8 trials
— NCT04062435 Dec 2019 → Mar 2020 keratoconus Luzerner Kantonsspital Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT02235337 Sep 2014 → Aug 2015 — University of Virginia Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT01789333 Sep 2010 → Dec 2022 corneal ectasia, keratoconus Stephen Trokel Withdrawn No outcome recorded
— NCT01474486 Apr 2010 → Feb 2016 cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure Phoenix VA Health Care System Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT02456961 Jan 2010 → Dec 2014 keratoconus Ufa Eye Research Institute Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT00037063 — HIV infectious disease National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Withdrawn No outcome recorded
— NCT00031057 ? → Mar 2003 HIV infectious disease National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Completed No outcome recorded
— NCT01307527 — brittle cornea syndrome Hadassah Medical Organization Unknown No outcome recorded
Comparator or background therapy46 trials
Phase 0 NCT05907850 Comparator Jun 2023 → May 2024 — Steven Moore Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 0 NCT03432572 Comparator Jun 2018 → Jun 2020 — Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT04667572 Background Feb 2021 → Aug 2024 corneal degeneration, corneal ectasia, keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration Cornea Associates of Texas Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT04177082 Background Jan 2020 → May 2022 corneal degeneration, corneal ectasia, keratoconus, pellucid marginal degeneration Cornea Associates of Texas Completed No outcome recorded
Phase 1 NCT03918408 Background Sep 2019 → Dec 2029 expected corneal ectasia, keratitis, keratoconus Pacific Clear Vision Institute Recruiting No outcome recorded

News releases announcing trial results or a regulatory action · 2

DateIssuerRelease
2026-10-07 Glaukos Corporation Results Glaukos Announces Positive Three-Year Epioxa® Results Demonstrating Durable Clinical Outcomes in Keratoconus glaukos.com ↗
The long-term follow-up results demonstrated durable efficacy and a favorable long-term safety profile through three years following a single Epioxa treatment, with no additional intervention during the extension period.
2025-10-20 Glaukos Corporation Regulatory Glaukos Announces FDA Approval of Epioxa™ glaukos.com ↗
Glaukos Corporation (NYSE: GKOS), an ophthalmic pharmaceutical and medical technology company focused on novel therapies for the treatment of glaucoma, corneal disorders, and retinal diseases, announced today the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved its Epioxa™ HD / Epioxa™ (“Epioxa”) New Drug Application (NDA).

Evidence & citations 13 cited values

Every value below carries the sentence it was read from. 90 sources stand behind the page.

FieldValueCited text
Known as Riboflavin “with daily multivitamins [vitamin A (300 microg, as retinol palmitate), vitamin E (6 mg tocopherol equivalents), vitamin B-12 (0.9 microg), vitamin C (15 mg), riboflavin (0.5...” PMID 19535425 ↗ Jun 2009
85

“Randomized Clinical Trial to Investigate Whether Administration of CBG000592 (Riboflavin/Vitamin B2) in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Causes a Reduction of...” NCT02446977 ↗

“riboflavin (Peschke-TE 0.25% ophthalmic solution or Peschke-L 0.23% ophthalmic solution) administered in conjunction with the UVA light as a photosensitizer” NCT05489510 ↗

“120 mg of active drug and 100mg of riboflavin daily for 11 weeks or matching placebo containing 100mg of riboflavin daily for 11 weeks.” NCT01704196 ↗

“Vitamin B-50 one tablet daily: provides an additional 50 mg of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid and pyridoxine” NCT01474486 ↗

“The intervention to be studied will be an alternative application of riboflavin drops in the inferior fornix.” NCT04062435 ↗

“Riboflavin will be used to load the cornea, followed by UV-A crosslinking of the cornea.” NCT04240457 ↗

“Riboflavin will be used to load the cornea, followed by UV-A crosslinking of the cornea” NCT03918408 ↗

“Thiamin Mononitrate 1.5 mg/day Riboflavin 1.7 mg/day Niacinamide 18 mg/day” NCT02620345 ↗

“One 50mg Riboflavin tablet to be taken once daily to maintain the blind” NCT03198507 ↗

“applying riboflavin (Vitamin B2 eye drops) to the eye” NCT07135167 ↗

Show 75 more sources

Known as Peschke Riboflavin 0.25% Transepithelial Solution “riboflavin (Peschke Riboflavin 0.25% Transepithelial Solution) administered in conjunction with the UV-A light as a photosensitizer.” NCT05255016 ↗
Known as Peschke-L “riboflavin (Peschke-TE 0.25% ophthalmic solution or Peschke-L 0.23% ophthalmic solution) administered in conjunction with the UVA light as a photosensitizer” NCT05489510 ↗
Known as PESCHKE-L Solution “PESCHKE-L Solution is a riboflavin 5'-phosphate 0.23% ophthalmic solution that functions as a photosensitizer and is indicated for use with the PXL Platinum 330 Illumination System.” NCT05255107 ↗
Known as Peschke-TE “riboflavin (Peschke-TE 0.25% ophthalmic solution or Peschke-L 0.23% ophthalmic solution) administered in conjunction with the UVA light as a photosensitizer” NCT05489510 ↗
Known as Riboflavin 100mg capsules “Riboflavin 100mg capsules” NCT05907850 ↗
Known as Riboflavin sodium phosphate “Apevinat BC presents in its formula the cyproheptadine hydrochloride (0,800 mg), tiamin hydrochloride(0,120 mg), Riboflavin sodium phosphate (0,200 mg), nicotinamide (1,334 mg,...” NCT01295450 ↗
1

NCT02769494 ↗

Known as Riboflavin+UV RBC ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT03426553 ↗
Known as Riboflavin/Dextran ClinicalTrials.gov intervention name — accepted as the source's own label NCT01152541 ↗
Known as VibeX “Subjects will receive 0.12% riboflavin ophthalmic solution (VibeX) followed by irradiation with the KXL system” NCT01643252 ↗
1

“The cornea will receive 5 drops of VibeX (0.12% riboflavin ophthalmic solution).” NCT01972854 ↗

Known as Vitamin B2 “Deficiencies in thiamine (vitamin B1) and riboflavin (vitamin B2) have been implicated as cofactors in producing hyperlactatemia and lactic acidosis in NRTI-treated patients.” NCT00031057 ↗
6

“Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) 400 mg capsule taken daily for 12 weeks.” NCT02622386 ↗

“applying riboflavin (Vitamin B2 eye drops) to the eye” NCT07135167 ↗

“applying riboflavin (Vitamin B2 eye drops) to the eye” NCT07124910 ↗

“riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2” NCT05907850 ↗

“Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin): 1.5 mg” NCT00064753 ↗

NCT04481841 ↗

Modality Other / unclassified “giving a low dose of the vitamins folic acid and riboflavin” NCT00220532 ↗
Route Oral “every patient receives high-dose oral vitamin B1 and B2 therapy for 4 weeks.” NCT00031057 ↗