Using Nevirapine to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission During Breastfeeding

Summary

The many benefits of breastfeeding are well documented. However, because of the risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV from an HIV infected mother to her infant, there is considerable concern over the practice, especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to determine the safety and effectiveness of the anti-HIV drug nevirapine (NVP) in preventing MTCT of HIV in breastfeeding infants born to HIV infected women in South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zimbabwe.

Timeline

Start

2007-01

Primary completion

2011-09

Completion

2011-11

Publications

• Background Jackson JB, Musoke P, Fleming T, Guay LA, Bagenda D, Allen M, Nakabiito C, Sherman J, Bakaki P, Owor M, Ducar C, Deseyve M, Mwatha A, Emel L, Duefield C, Mirochnick M, Fowler MG, Mofenson L, Miotti P, Gigliotti M, Bray D, Mmiro F. Intrapartum and neonatal single-dose nevirapine compared with zidovudine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in Kampala, Uganda: 18-month follow-up of the HIVNET 012 randomised trial. Lancet. 2003 Sep 13;362(9387):859-68. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)14341-3.
• Background Mitchla Z, Sharland M. Current treatment options to prevent perinatal transmission of HIV. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2000 Jan;1(2):239-48. doi: 10.1517/14656566.1.2.239.
• Background Mofenson LM. Advances in the prevention of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. Semin Pediatr Infect Dis. 2003 Oct;14(4):295-308. doi: 10.1053/j.spid.2003.09.003.
• Background Piwoz EG, Ross J, Humphrey J. Human immunodeficiency virus transmission during breastfeeding: knowledge, gaps, and challenges for the future. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2004;554:195-210.
• Bhattacharya D, Guo R, Tseng CH, Emel L, Sun R, Zhang TH, Chiu SH, Stranix-Chibanda L, Chipato T, Ship H, Mohtashemi NZ, Kintu K, Manji KP, Moodley D, Maldonado Y, Currier JS, Thio CL. Hepatitis B virus clinical and virologic characteristics in an HIV perinatal transmission study in sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS. 2024 Mar 1;38(3):329-337. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003752. Epub 2023 Oct 17.
• Bhattacharya D, Guo R, Tseng CH, Emel L, Sun R, Chiu SH, Stranix-Chibanda L, Chipato T, Mohtashemi NZ, Kintu K, Manji KP, Moodley D, Thio CL, Maldonado Y, Currier JS. Maternal HBV Viremia and Association With Adverse Infant Outcomes in Women Living With HIV and HBV. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2021 Feb 1;40(2):e56-e61. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002980.
• Nandlal V, Moodley D, Grobler A, Bagratee J, Maharaj NR, Richardson P. Anaemia in pregnancy is associated with advanced HIV disease. PLoS One. 2014 Sep 15;9(9):e106103. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106103. eCollection 2014.
• Fowler MG, Coovadia H, Herron CM, Maldonado Y, Chipato T, Moodley D, Musoke P, Aizire J, Manji K, Stranix-Chibanda L, Fawzi W, Chetty V, Msweli L, Kisenge R, Brown E, Mwatha A, Eshleman SH, Richardson P, Allen M, George K, Andrew P, Zwerski S, Mofenson LM, Jackson JB; HPTN 046 Protocol Team. Efficacy and safety of an extended nevirapine regimen in infants of breastfeeding mothers with HIV-1 infection for prevention of HIV-1 transmission (HPTN 046): 18-month results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2014 Mar 1;65(3):366-74. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000052.
• Coovadia HM, Brown ER, Fowler MG, Chipato T, Moodley D, Manji K, Musoke P, Stranix-Chibanda L, Chetty V, Fawzi W, Nakabiito C, Msweli L, Kisenge R, Guay L, Mwatha A, Lynn DJ, Eshleman SH, Richardson P, George K, Andrew P, Mofenson LM, Zwerski S, Maldonado Y; HPTN 046 protocol team. Efficacy and safety of an extended nevirapine regimen in infant children of breastfeeding mothers with HIV-1 infection for prevention of postnatal HIV-1 transmission (HPTN 046): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2012 Jan 21;379(9812):221-8. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61653-X. Epub 2011 Dec 22.
• Aizire J, Fowler MG, Wang J, Shetty AK, Stranix-Chibanda L, Kamateeka M, Brown ER, Bolton SG, Musoke PM, Coovadia H. Extended prophylaxis with nevirapine and cotrimoxazole among HIV-exposed uninfected infants is well tolerated. AIDS. 2012 Jan 28;26(3):325-33. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834e892c.

Drugs

Indications