Non-Specific Effects of Standard Titre Measles Vaccination

Summary

The general objectives of the proposed research work are: A1) to reduce childhood mortality in developing countries through better control of measles infection by finding the best immunization strategy, and A2) to investigate the hypothesis that standard titre measles immunization is associated with non targeted beneficial effects on childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The measurable, specific objectives of the present proposal are: B1) to examine whether a two-dose strategy for measles immunization at 6 and 9 months of age can reduce measles incidence by 50% through better coverage or improved seroconversion, and B2) to examine whether a two-dose strategy for measles immunization at 6 and 9 months of age can reduce childhood mortality by 20% through better coverage, better protection against measles or non targeted beneficial effects, and B3) to determine the magnitude and duration of non-measles related changes in morbidity patterns after standard titre measles immunization, in particular to test whether measles immunization is associated with a 15% reduction in the risk of diarrhoea, and B4) to determine non-measles related immunological changes among recipients of measles vaccine in order to establish possible pathways for the non targeted effects of standard titre measles immunization.

Timeline

Start

1995-03

Primary completion

2006-01

Completion

2006-01

Publications

• Background Veirum JE, Sodemann M, Biai S, Jakobsen M, Garly ML, Hedegaard K, Jensen H, Aaby P. Routine vaccinations associated with divergent effects on female and male mortality at the paediatric ward in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. Vaccine. 2005 Jan 19;23(9):1197-204. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.02.053.
• Results Garly ML, Martins CL, Bale C, da Costa F, Dias F, Whittle H, Aaby P. Early two-dose measles vaccination schedule in Guinea-Bissau: good protection and coverage in infancy. Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Apr;28(2):347-52. doi: 10.1093/ije/28.2.347.
• Results Garly ML, Bale C, Martins CL, Monteiro M, George E, Kidd M, Dias F, Aaby P, Whittle HC. Measles antibody responses after early two dose trials in Guinea-Bissau with Edmonston-Zagreb and Schwarz standard-titre measles vaccine: better antibody increase from booster dose of the Edmonston-Zagreb vaccine. Vaccine. 2001 Feb 28;19(15-16):1951-9. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(00)00431-x.
• Results Garly ML, Bale C, Martins CL, Balde MA, Hedegaard KL, Whittle HC, Aaby P. BCG vaccination among West African infants is associated with less anergy to tuberculin and diphtheria-tetanus antigens. Vaccine. 2001 Nov 12;20(3-4):468-74. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(01)00339-5.
• Results Aaby P, Jensen H, Garly ML, Bale C, Martins C, Lisse I. Routine vaccinations and child survival in a war situation with high mortality: effect of gender. Vaccine. 2002 Nov 22;21(1-2):15-20. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(02)00441-3.
• Results Garly ML, Martins CL, Bale C, Balde MA, Hedegaard KL, Gustafson P, Lisse IM, Whittle HC, Aaby P. BCG scar and positive tuberculin reaction associated with reduced child mortality in West Africa. A non-specific beneficial effect of BCG? Vaccine. 2003 Jun 20;21(21-22):2782-90. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00181-6.
• Results Aaby P, Garly ML, Bale C, Martins C, Jensen H, Lisse I, Whittle H. Survival of previously measles-vaccinated and measles-unvaccinated children in an emergency situation: an unplanned study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003 Sep;22(9):798-805. doi: 10.1097/01.inf.0000083821.33187.b5.
• Results Aaby P, Jensen H, Rodrigues A, Garly ML, Benn CS, Lisse IM, Simondon F. Divergent female-male mortality ratios associated with different routine vaccinations among female-male twin pairs. Int J Epidemiol. 2004 Apr;33(2):367-73. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyh004.
• Results Garly ML, Jensen H, Martins CL, Bale C, Balde MA, Lisse IM, Aaby P. Hepatitis B vaccination associated with higher female than male mortality in Guinea-bissau: an observational study. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 Dec;23(12):1086-92.
• Results Roth A, Gustafson P, Nhaga A, Djana Q, Poulsen A, Garly ML, Jensen H, Sodemann M, Rodriques A, Aaby P. BCG vaccination scar associated with better childhood survival in Guinea-Bissau. Int J Epidemiol. 2005 Jun;34(3):540-7. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyh392. Epub 2005 Jan 19.

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