DIabetic Retinopathy Candesartan Trials.

Summary

The primary objective is to determine whether candesartan, compared to placebo reduces the progression of diabetic retinopathy in normotensive, normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetic patients with retinopathy. The secondary objective is to determine whether candesartan, compared to placebo, reduces the incidence of clinically significant macular oedema (CSME) and/or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and beneficially influences the rate of change in urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER). This study is part of the DIRECT Programme also including a primary prevention study of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes and a secondary prevention study in type 2 diabetes. The primary objective for all three pooled studies is to determine whether candesartan, compared to placebo, reduces the incidence of microalbuminuria in type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients.

Timeline

Start

2001-08

Primary completion

2008-02

Completion

2008-04

Publications

• Natale P, Palmer SC, Navaneethan SD, Craig JC, Strippoli GF. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers for preventing the progression of diabetic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2024 Apr 29;4(4):CD006257. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006257.pub2.
• Sjolie AK, Klein R, Porta M, Orchard T, Fuller J, Parving HH, Bilous R, Aldington S, Chaturvedi N. Retinal microaneurysm count predicts progression and regression of diabetic retinopathy. Post-hoc results from the DIRECT Programme. Diabet Med. 2011 Mar;28(3):345-51. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2010.03210.x.
• Porta M, Hainer JW, Jansson SO, Malm A, Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Fuller JH, Klein R, Orchard T, Parving HH, Sjolie AK; DIRECT Study Group. Exposure to candesartan during the first trimester of pregnancy in type 1 diabetes: experience from the placebo-controlled DIabetic REtinopathy Candesartan Trials. Diabetologia. 2011 Jun;54(6):1298-303. doi: 10.1007/s00125-010-2040-1. Epub 2011 Jan 12.
• Bilous R, Chaturvedi N, Sjolie AK, Fuller J, Klein R, Orchard T, Porta M, Parving HH. Effect of candesartan on microalbuminuria and albumin excretion rate in diabetes: three randomized trials. Ann Intern Med. 2009 Jul 7;151(1):11-20, W3-4. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-151-1-200907070-00120. Epub 2009 May 18.
• Chaturvedi N, Porta M, Klein R, Orchard T, Fuller J, Parving HH, Bilous R, Sjolie AK; DIRECT Programme Study Group. Effect of candesartan on prevention (DIRECT-Prevent 1) and progression (DIRECT-Protect 1) of retinopathy in type 1 diabetes: randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Lancet. 2008 Oct 18;372(9647):1394-402. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(08)61412-9. Epub 2008 Sep 25.

Drugs

Indications