Antiretroviral Therapy for Advanced HIV Disease in South Africa

Summary

This study will determine how well four different antiretroviral drug therapies work in patients with advanced HIV disease. The trial is part of the South Africa-U.S. Project Phidisa Programme - a collaboration between the South African Military Health Service (SAMHS) of the South African National Defense Force (SANDF), the U.S. Department of Defense, and the U.S. National Institutes of Health - to help prevent HIV transmission among South African military and civilian employees and their families. Members of the SANDF with HIV infection may be eligible for this study. HIV-infected family members who are 14 years of age and older may also participate. All participants must have a CD4 count of less than 200 or an AIDS-defining illness. Participants are randomly assigned to one of the following four antiretroviral drug regimens, which require taking 5 pills or more every day: * AZT (zidovudine) + ddl (didanosine) + EFV (efavirenz) * AZT (zidovudine) + ddl (didanosine) + r/LPV (lopinavir/ritonavir) * D4T (stavudine) + 3TC (lamivudine) + EFV (efavirenz) * D4T (stavudine) + 3TC (lamivudine) + r/LPV (lopinavir/ritonavir) Patients are followed for up to 6 years. Clinic visits are scheduled once a month for the first 3 months and then once every 3 months for the next five years. Patients undergo a medical history, physical examination, and blood tests at each visit, and complete questionnaires of behavior, quality of life, and force readiness every year.

Timeline

Start

2004-01

Primary completion

2008-03

Completion

2008-08

Publications

• Background Rabkin M, El-Sadr W, Katzenstein DA, Mukherjee J, Masur H, Mugyenyi P, Munderi P, Darbyshire J. Antiretroviral treatment in resource-poor settings: clinical research priorities. Lancet. 2002 Nov 9;360(9344):1503-5. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11478-4. No abstract available.
• Background Hammer SM, Squires KE, Hughes MD, Grimes JM, Demeter LM, Currier JS, Eron JJ Jr, Feinberg JE, Balfour HH Jr, Deyton LR, Chodakewitz JA, Fischl MA. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team. N Engl J Med. 1997 Sep 11;337(11):725-33. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199709113371101.
• Background Cameron DW, Heath-Chiozzi M, Danner S, Cohen C, Kravcik S, Maurath C, Sun E, Henry D, Rode R, Potthoff A, Leonard J. Randomised placebo-controlled trial of ritonavir in advanced HIV-1 disease. The Advanced HIV Disease Ritonavir Study Group. Lancet. 1998 Feb 21;351(9102):543-9. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(97)04161-5.
• Ledwaba L, Tavel JA, Khabo P, Maja P, Qin J, Sangweni P, Liu X, Follmann D, Metcalf JA, Orsega S, Baseler B, Neaton JD, Lane HC; Project Phidisa Biomarkers Team. Pre-ART levels of inflammation and coagulation markers are strong predictors of death in a South African cohort with advanced HIV disease. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e24243. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0024243. Epub 2012 Mar 20.
• Matthews GV, Manzini P, Hu Z, Khabo P, Maja P, Matchaba G, Sangweni P, Metcalf J, Pool N, Orsega S, Emery S; PHIDISA II study team. Impact of lamivudine on HIV and hepatitis B virus-related outcomes in HIV/hepatitis B virus individuals in a randomized clinical trial of antiretroviral therapy in southern Africa. AIDS. 2011 Sep 10;25(14):1727-35. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328349bbf3.
• Phidisa II Writing Team for Project Phidisa; Ratsela A, Polis M, Dhlomo S, Emery S, Grandits G, Khabo P, Khanyile T, Komati S, Neaton JD, Naidoo LC, Magongoa D, Qolohle D. A randomized factorial trial comparing 4 treatment regimens in treatment-naive HIV-infected persons with AIDS and/or a CD4 cell count <200 cells/muL in South Africa. J Infect Dis. 2010 Nov 15;202(10):1529-37. doi: 10.1086/656718. Epub 2010 Oct 13.

Drugs

Indications