Hydrocortisone Versus Hydrocortisone Plus Fludrocortisone for the Treatment of Adrenal Insufficiency in Severe Sepsis

Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine if the combination of hydrocortisone plus fludrocortisone is more efficacious than hydrocortisone alone in treating adrenal insufficiency in severe sepsis.

Timeline

Start

2006-09

Primary completion

2009-07

Completion

2009-09

Publications

• Background Balk RA. Severe sepsis and septic shock. Definitions, epidemiology, and clinical manifestations. Crit Care Clin. 2000 Apr;16(2):179-92. doi: 10.1016/s0749-0704(05)70106-8.
• Background Landry DW, Oliver JA. The pathogenesis of vasodilatory shock. N Engl J Med. 2001 Aug 23;345(8):588-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra002709. No abstract available.
• Background Dellinger RP. Cardiovascular management of septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2003 Mar;31(3):946-55. doi: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000057403.73299.A6. No abstract available.
• Background Hotchkiss RS, Karl IE. The pathophysiology and treatment of sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2003 Jan 9;348(2):138-50. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra021333. No abstract available.
• Background Vincent JL, Abraham E, Annane D, Bernard G, Rivers E, Van den Berghe G. Reducing mortality in sepsis: new directions. Crit Care. 2002 Dec;6 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S1-18. doi: 10.1186/cc1860. Epub 2002 Dec 5.
• Background Coursin DB, Wood KE. Corticosteroid supplementation for adrenal insufficiency. JAMA. 2002 Jan 9;287(2):236-40. doi: 10.1001/jama.287.2.236. No abstract available.
• Background Lamberts SW, Bruining HA, de Jong FH. Corticosteroid therapy in severe illness. N Engl J Med. 1997 Oct 30;337(18):1285-92. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199710303371807. No abstract available.
• Background Marik PE, Zaloga GP. Adrenal insufficiency in the critically ill: a new look at an old problem. Chest. 2002 Nov;122(5):1784-96. doi: 10.1378/chest.122.5.1784.
• Background Annane D. Corticosteroids for septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2001 Jul;29(7 Suppl):S117-20. doi: 10.1097/00003246-200107001-00036.
• Background Williamson DR, Lapointe M. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and low-dose glucocorticoids in the treatment of septic shock. Pharmacotherapy. 2003 Apr;23(4):514-25. doi: 10.1592/phco.23.4.514.32123.
• Background Shenker Y, Skatrud JB. Adrenal insufficiency in critically ill patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001 Jun;163(7):1520-3. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.163.7.2012022. No abstract available.
• Background Cooper MS, Stewart PM. Corticosteroid insufficiency in acutely ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 20;348(8):727-34. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra020529. No abstract available.
• Results Barber AE, Coyle SM, Fischer E, Smith C, van der Poll T, Shires GT, Lowry SF. Influence of hypercortisolemia on soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor II and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist responses to endotoxin in human beings. Surgery. 1995 Aug;118(2):406-10; discussion 410-1. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6060(05)80352-6.
• Results van der Poll T, Barber AE, Coyle SM, Lowry SF. Hypercortisolemia increases plasma interleukin-10 concentrations during human endotoxemia--a clinical research center study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Oct;81(10):3604-6. doi: 10.1210/jcem.81.10.8855809.
• Results Bone RC, Fisher CJ Jr, Clemmer TP, Slotman GJ, Metz CA, Balk RA. A controlled clinical trial of high-dose methylprednisolone in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 1987 Sep 10;317(11):653-8. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198709103171101.
• Results Sprung CL, Caralis PV, Marcial EH, Pierce M, Gelbard MA, Long WM, Duncan RC, Tendler MD, Karpf M. The effects of high-dose corticosteroids in patients with septic shock. A prospective, controlled study. N Engl J Med. 1984 Nov 1;311(18):1137-43. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198411013111801.
• Results Lefering R, Neugebauer EA. Steroid controversy in sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis. Crit Care Med. 1995 Jul;23(7):1294-303. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199507000-00021.
• Results Cronin L, Cook DJ, Carlet J, Heyland DK, King D, Lansang MA, Fisher CJ Jr. Corticosteroid treatment for sepsis: a critical appraisal and meta-analysis of the literature. Crit Care Med. 1995 Aug;23(8):1430-9. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199508000-00019.
• Results Thomas JP, el-Shaboury AH. Aldosterone secretion in steroid-treated patients with adrenal suppression. Lancet. 1971 Mar 27;1(7700):623-5. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91554-6. No abstract available.
• Results Briegel J, Forst H, Haller M, Schelling G, Kilger E, Kuprat G, Hemmer B, Hummel T, Lenhart A, Heyduck M, Stoll C, Peter K. Stress doses of hydrocortisone reverse hyperdynamic septic shock: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, single-center study. Crit Care Med. 1999 Apr;27(4):723-32. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199904000-00025.
• Results Bollaert PE, Charpentier C, Levy B, Debouverie M, Audibert G, Larcan A. Reversal of late septic shock with supraphysiologic doses of hydrocortisone. Crit Care Med. 1998 Apr;26(4):645-50. doi: 10.1097/00003246-199804000-00010.
• Results Annane D, Sebille V, Troche G, Raphael JC, Gajdos P, Bellissant E. A 3-level prognostic classification in septic shock based on cortisol levels and cortisol response to corticotropin. JAMA. 2000 Feb 23;283(8):1038-45. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.8.1038.
• Results Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, Bollaert PE, Francois B, Korach JM, Capellier G, Cohen Y, Azoulay E, Troche G, Chaumet-Riffaud P, Bellissant E. Effect of treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortality in patients with septic shock. JAMA. 2002 Aug 21;288(7):862-71. doi: 10.1001/jama.288.7.862.
• Results Rydvall A, Brandstrom AK, Banga R, Asplund K, Backlund U, Stegmayr BG. Plasma cortisol is often decreased in patients treated in an intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med. 2000 May;26(5):545-51. doi: 10.1007/s001340051202.
• Results Oelkers W. Adrenal insufficiency. N Engl J Med. 1996 Oct 17;335(16):1206-12. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199610173351607. No abstract available.
• Results Zipser RD, Davenport MW, Martin KL, Tuck ML, Warner NE, Swinney RR, Davis CL, Horton R. Hyperreninemic hypoaldosteronism in the critically ill: a new entity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981 Oct;53(4):867-73. doi: 10.1210/jcem-53-4-867.
• Results Findling JW, Waters VO, Raff H. The dissociation of renin and aldosterone during critical illness. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987 Mar;64(3):592-5. doi: 10.1210/jcem-64-3-592.

Drugs

Indications