Radiation Therapy and Hormone Therapy in Treating Patients With Prostate Cancer

Summary

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays to damage tumor cells. Hormone therapy combined with radiation therapy may be a more effective treatment for prostate cancer. PURPOSE: Randomized phase III trial to compare the effectiveness of four different combinations of radiation and hormone therapy in treating patients with prostate cancer.

Timeline

Start

1995-04

Primary completion

2001-04

Completion

2016-12

Publications

• Background Du KL, Bae K, Movsas B, Yan Y, Bryan C, Bruner DW. Impact of marital status and race on outcomes of patients enrolled in Radiation Therapy Oncology Group prostate cancer trials. Support Care Cancer. 2012 Jun;20(6):1317-25. doi: 10.1007/s00520-011-1219-4. Epub 2011 Jul 1.
• Background Hamstra DA, Bae K, Pilepich MV, Hanks GE, Grignon DJ, McGowan DG, Roach M, Lawton C, Lee RJ, Sandler H. Older age predicts decreased metastasis and prostate cancer-specific death for men treated with radiation therapy: meta-analysis of radiation therapy oncology group trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Dec 1;81(5):1293-301. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.2004. Epub 2011 Mar 31.
• Background Rodrigues G, Bae K, Roach M, Lawton C, Donnelly B, Grignon D, Hanks G, Porter A, Lepor H, Sandler H. Impact of ultrahigh baseline PSA levels on biochemical and clinical outcomes in two Radiation Therapy Oncology Group prostate clinical trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011 Jun 1;80(2):445-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.02.034. Epub 2010 Aug 24.
• Background Roach M 3rd, Bae K, Lawton C, Donnelly BJ, Grignon D, Hanks GE, Porter A, Lepor H, Venketesan V, Sandler H. Baseline serum testosterone in men treated with androgen deprivation therapy and radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010 Dec 1;78(5):1314-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.09.073. Epub 2010 Apr 8.
• Background Millar J, Boyd R, Sutherland J. An update of the phase III trial comparing whole pelvic to prostate only radiotherapy and neoadjuvant to adjuvant total androgen suppression: updated analysis of RTOG 94-13, with emphasis on unexpected hormone/radiation interactions: in regard to Lawton et al. (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:646-655.). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 May 1;71(1):316; author reply 316. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.01.009. No abstract available.
• Background Williams S, Wiltshire K. Updated analysis of RTOG 94-13: in regard to Lawton et al. (Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007;69:646-655). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2008 May 1;71(1):315; author reply 315-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.01.021. No abstract available.
• Background Paner GP, Bae K, Grignon DJ, et al.: Trends in Gleason grading of prostate cancer (PCa): analysis of reporting by institutional and central review pathologists in four Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocols spanning 17 years and 2094 needle biopsies (bxs). [Abstract] United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology 96th Annual Meeting, March 24-30, 2007, San Diego, CA. A-766, 2007.
• Background Pan CC, Bae K, Hanks GE, et al.: Comparison of two types of biochemical failures within the ASTRO and Phoenix Consensus definitions in patients treated on RTOG 92-02 and 94-13. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66 (3 Suppl 1): A-2196, S318, 2006.
• Background Roach M, Moughan J, Movsas B, et al.: Socio-demographic predictors of biochemical failure and survival among high risk patients treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) prostate cancer trials: a meta-analysis. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66 (3 Suppl 1): A-1127, S204, 2006.
• Background Ganswindt U, Paulsen F, Corvin S, Eichhorn K, Glocker S, Hundt I, Birkner M, Alber M, Anastasiadis A, Stenzl A, Bares R, Budach W, Bamberg M, Belka C. Intensity modulated radiotherapy for high risk prostate cancer based on sentinel node SPECT imaging for target volume definition. BMC Cancer. 2005 Jul 28;5:91. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-5-91.
• Background Johnke RM, Edwards JM, Evans MJ, Nangami GN, Bakken NT, Kilburn JM, Lee TK, Allison RR, Karlsson UL, Arastu HH. Circulating cytokine levels in prostate cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy: influence of neoadjuvant total androgen suppression. In Vivo. 2009 Sep-Oct;23(5):827-33.
• Background Roach M 3rd. The role of PSA in the radiotherapy of prostate cancer. Oncology (Williston Park). 1996 Aug;10(8):1143-53; discussion 1154-61.
• Results Lawton CA, DeSilvio M, Roach M 3rd, Uhl V, Kirsch R, Seider M, Rotman M, Jones C, Asbell S, Valicenti R, Hahn S, Thomas CR Jr. An update of the phase III trial comparing whole pelvic to prostate only radiotherapy and neoadjuvant to adjuvant total androgen suppression: updated analysis of RTOG 94-13, with emphasis on unexpected hormone/radiation interactions. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2007 Nov 1;69(3):646-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2007.04.003. Epub 2007 May 24.
• Results Taussky D, Bae K, Bahary JP, Roach M 3rd, Lawton CA, Shipley WU, Sandler HM. Does timing of androgen deprivation influence radiation-induced toxicity? A secondary analysis of radiation therapy oncology group protocol 9413. Urology. 2008 Nov;72(5):1125-9. doi: 10.1016/j.urology.2007.11.067. Epub 2008 Mar 7.
• Results Roach M 3rd, DeSilvio M, Valicenti R, Grignon D, Asbell SO, Lawton C, Thomas CR Jr, Shipley WU. Whole-pelvis, "mini-pelvis," or prostate-only external beam radiotherapy after neoadjuvant and concurrent hormonal therapy in patients treated in the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9413 trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006 Nov 1;66(3):647-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2006.05.074.
• Results Taussky D, Bae K, Bahary J, et al.: Does testosterone influence radiation-induced toxicity In radiotherapy of the prostate? A secondary analysis of RTOG protocol 9413. [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 66 (3 Suppl 1): A-2215, S329-30.
• Results Roach M, DeSilvio M, Thomas C Jr, et al.: Field size and progression free survival (PFS) after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (HT) and radiotherapy (RT) for prostate cancer: secondary analysis of RTOG 9413. [Abstract] American Society of Clinical Oncology 2005 Prostate Cancer Symposium, 17-19 February 2005, Orlando, Florida. A-87, 2005.
• Results Roach M, DeSilvio M, Thomas CR, et al.: Progression free survival (PFS) after whole-pelvic (WP) vs. mini-pelvic (MP) or prostate only (PO) radiotherapy (RT): a subset analysis of RTOG 9413, a phase III prospective randomized using neoadjuvant and concurrent (N&CHT). [Abstract] Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 60 (Suppl 1): A-1014, S264, 2004.
• Results Roach M 3rd, DeSilvio M, Lawton C, Uhl V, Machtay M, Seider MJ, Rotman M, Jones C, Asbell SO, Valicenti RK, Han S, Thomas CR Jr, Shipley WS; Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9413. Phase III trial comparing whole-pelvic versus prostate-only radiotherapy and neoadjuvant versus adjuvant combined androgen suppression: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9413. J Clin Oncol. 2003 May 15;21(10):1904-11. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.05.004.
• Results Roach M III, DeSilvio M, Lawton C, et al.: Neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) with whole-pelvic (WP) radiotherapy (RT) improves progression-free survival (PFS): RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) 9413, a phase III randomized trial. [Abstract] Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncology 21: A-711, 2002.
• Spratt DE, Tang S, Sun Y, Huang HC, Chen E, Mohamad O, Armstrong AJ, Tward JD, Nguyen PL, Lang JM, Zhang J, Mitani A, Simko JP, DeVries S, van der Wal D, Pinckaers H, Monson JM, Campbell HA, Wallace J, Ferguson MJ, Bahary JP, Schaeffer EM, Sandler HM, Tran PT, Rodgers JP, Esteva A, Yamashita R, Feng FY. Artificial Intelligence Predictive Model for Hormone Therapy Use in Prostate Cancer. NEJM Evid. 2023 Aug;2(8):EVIDoa2300023. doi: 10.1056/EVIDoa2300023. Epub 2023 Jun 29.
• Nguyen PL, Huang HR, Spratt DE, Davicioni E, Sandler HM, Shipley WU, Efstathiou JA, Simko JP, Pollack A, Dicker AP, Roach M, Rosenthal SA, Zeitzer KL, Mendez LC, Hartford AC, Hall WA, Desai AB, Rabinovitch RA, Peters CA, Rodgers JP, Tran P, Feng FY. Analysis of a Biopsy-Based Genomic Classifier in High-Risk Prostate Cancer: Meta-Analysis of the NRG Oncology/Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 9202, 9413, and 9902 Phase 3 Randomized Trials. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2023 Jul 1;116(3):521-529. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.12.035. Epub 2022 Dec 31.
• Spratt DE, Malone S, Roy S, Grimes S, Eapen L, Morgan SC, Malone J, Craig J, Dess RT, Jackson WC, Hartman HE, Kishan AU, Mehra R, Kaffenberger S, Morgan TM, Reichert ZR, Alumkal JJ, Michalski J, Lee WR, Pisansky TM, Feng FY, Shipley W, Sandler HM, Schipper MJ, Roach M 3rd, Sun Y, Lawton CAF. Prostate Radiotherapy With Adjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) Improves Metastasis-Free Survival Compared to Neoadjuvant ADT: An Individual Patient Meta-Analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan 10;39(2):136-144. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.02438. Epub 2020 Dec 4.
• Roach M, Moughan J, Lawton CAF, Dicker AP, Zeitzer KL, Gore EM, Kwok Y, Seider MJ, Hsu IC, Hartford AC, Horwitz EM, Yamoah K, Jones CU, Michalski JM, Lee WR, Pisansky TM, Rabinovitch R, Rotman M, Pryzant RM, Kim HE, Thomas CR Jr, Shipley WU, Sandler HM. Sequence of hormonal therapy and radiotherapy field size in unfavourable, localised prostate cancer (NRG/RTOG 9413): long-term results of a randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2018 Nov;19(11):1504-1515. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30528-X. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Drugs

Indications