Interleukin-2 Treatment for Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

Summary

Funding Source--FDA OOPD. Orphan Product Grant Number--1R01FD004091-01A1 Context: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a fatal, devastating disease with ill-defined treatment modalities, which affects young boys. Classic WAS is characterized by a clinical triad of thrombocytopenia, eczema and severe, recurrent infections. Despite diagnostic and therapeutic advances most WAS patients die at less than 12 years of age due to infections, hemorrhage, malignancy or complications from treatments. WAS patients suffer from herpesvirus infections as a result of poor Natural Killer (NK) cell function (cytotoxicity). In the laboratory, the investigators have seen correction of WAS Natural Killer Cell (NK) function after treatment with Interleukin-2 (IL-2). Objectives: Initiate a prospective clinical trial by treating WAS subjects with IL-2 and using safety as the primary endpoint. Restoration of NK cell cytotoxicity and effects on cytoskeletal dynamics are secondary endpoints. The investigators will also observe patient clinical status (eczema, infections, use of treatment dose antibiotics, food allergies, etc). Study Design/Setting/Participants: This is a prospective clinical trial treating 9 WAS subjects in the Clinical Translational Research Center (CTRC) with IL-2. Intervention: The investigators propose to subcutaneously administer 0.5 Million Units (MU)/m2 of IL-2 daily to WAS subjects for 5 days. Research treatment will be repeated 2 and 4 months later. Inter-patient dose escalation will be employed to 1 MU/m2 and/or 2 MU/m2 based on safety as the primary endpoint. Study Measures: The investigators will observe safety and tolerability measures and perform assays on subject blood samples prior to and after research treatment to observe improvement in NK cell function.

Timeline

Start

2008-10

Primary completion

2016-09

Completion

2016-09

Publications

• Background Azuma H, Sakata H, Saijyou M, Okuno A. Effect of interleukin 2 on intractable herpes virus infection and chronic eczematoid dermatitis in a patient with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome. Eur J Pediatr. 1993 Dec;152(12):998-1000. doi: 10.1007/BF01957224.
• Background Pahwa R, Chatila T, Pahwa S, Paradise C, Day NK, Geha R, Schwartz SA, Slade H, Oyaizu N, Good RA. Recombinant interleukin 2 therapy in severe combined immunodeficiency disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Jul;86(13):5069-73. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.13.5069.
• Background Piscitelli SC, Wells MJ, Metcalf JA, Baseler M, Stevens R, Davey RT Jr. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous interleukin-2 in HIV-infected patients. Pharmacotherapy. 1996 Sep-Oct;16(5):754-9.
• Background Witzke O, Winterhagen T, Reinhardt W, Heemann U, Grosse-Wilde H, Kreuzfelder E, Roggendorf M, Philipp T. Comparison between subcutaneous and intravenous interleukin-2 treatment in HIV disease. J Intern Med. 1998 Sep;244(3):235-40. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1998.00365.x.
• Background Toren A, Nagler A, Rozenfeld-Granot G, Levanon M, Davidson J, Bielorai B, Kaplinsky C, Meitar D, Mandel M, Ackerstein A, Ballin A, Attias D, Biniaminov M, Rosenthal E, Brok-Simoni F, Rechavi G, Kaufmann Y. Amplification of immunological functions by subcutaneous injection of intermediate-high dose interleukin-2 for 2 years after autologous stem cell transplantation in children with stage IV neuroblastoma. Transplantation. 2000 Oct 15;70(7):1100-4. doi: 10.1097/00007890-200010150-00019.
• Background Sundin DJ, Wolin MJ. Toxicity management in patients receiving low-dose aldesleukin therapy. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 Dec;32(12):1344-52. doi: 10.1345/aph.18019.
• Background Starr SE, McFarland EJ, Muresan P, Fenton T, Pitt J, Douglas SD, Deveikis A, Levin MJ, Rathore MH; PACTG 299 Study Team. Phase I/II trial of intravenous recombinant interleukin-2 in HIV-infected children. AIDS. 2003 Oct 17;17(15):2181-9. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200310170-00006.
• Background Gismondi A, Cifaldi L, Mazza C, Giliani S, Parolini S, Morrone S, Jacobelli J, Bandiera E, Notarangelo L, Santoni A. Impaired natural and CD16-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity in patients with WAS and XLT: ability of IL-2 to correct NK cell functional defect. Blood. 2004 Jul 15;104(2):436-43. doi: 10.1182/blood-2003-07-2621. Epub 2004 Mar 4.
• Background Orange JS, Brodeur SR, Jain A, Bonilla FA, Schneider LC, Kretschmer R, Nurko S, Rasmussen WL, Kohler JR, Gellis SE, Ferguson BM, Strominger JL, Zonana J, Ramesh N, Ballas ZK, Geha RS. Deficient natural killer cell cytotoxicity in patients with IKK-gamma/NEMO mutations. J Clin Invest. 2002 Jun;109(11):1501-9. doi: 10.1172/JCI14858.

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