Oral and Intravenous Iron in Patients Postoperative Cardiovascular Surgery Under Extracorporeal Circulation

Summary

Anaemia is a common postoperative problem of cardiovascular surgery after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Because of this the need for hemoderived blood transfusions is high. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of intravenous and oral iron in anaemia and the impact of the iron on the transfusion rate in postoperative cardiovascular surgery under extracorporeal circulation.

Timeline

Start

2007-05

Primary completion

2009-05

Completion

2009-05

Outcome

Missed primary endpoint

paper The use of intravenous or oral iron supplementation proved ineffective in correcting anaemia after cardiopulmonary bypass and did not reduce blood transfusion requirements. PMID 22940889 ↗

Publications

• Background Reuler JB. Hypothermia: pathophysiology, clinical settings, and management. Ann Intern Med. 1978 Oct;89(4):519-27. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-89-4-519.
• Background Huyzen RJ, van Oeveren W, Wei F, Stellingwerf P, Boonstra PW, Gu YJ. In vitro effect of hemodilution on activated clotting time and high-dose thrombin time during cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg. 1996 Aug;62(2):533-7.
• Background Kirklin JW. Open-heart surgery at the Mayo Clinic. The 25th anniversary. Mayo Clin Proc. 1980 May;55(5):339-41. No abstract available.
• Background Chenoweth DE, Cooper SW, Hugli TE, Stewart RW, Blackstone EH, Kirklin JW. Complement activation during cardiopulmonary bypass: evidence for generation of C3a and C5a anaphylatoxins. N Engl J Med. 1981 Feb 26;304(9):497-503. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198102263040901.
• Background Butler J, Rocker GM, Westaby S. Inflammatory response to cardiopulmonary bypass. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993 Feb;55(2):552-9. doi: 10.1016/0003-4975(93)91048-r.
• Background Fuhrer G, Gallimore MJ, Heller W, Hoffmeister HE. Aprotinin in cardiopulmonary bypass--effects on the Hageman factor (FXII)--Kallikrein system and blood loss. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1992 Feb;3(1):99-104. doi: 10.1097/00001721-199202000-00014.
• Background Boyle EM Jr, Lille ST, Allaire E, Clowes AW, Verrier ED. Endothelial cell injury in cardiovascular surgery: atherosclerosis. Ann Thorac Surg. 1997 Mar;63(3):885-94. doi: 10.1016/s0003-4975(97)00057-x.
• Background Correction of the anemia of end-stage renal disease with recombinant human erythropoietin. N Engl J Med. 1987 Jul 23;317(4):249-51. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198707233170416. No abstract available.
• Background Bracey AW, Radovancevic R, Riggs SA, Houston S, Cozart H, Vaughn WK, Radovancevic B, McAllister HA Jr, Cooley DA. Lowering the hemoglobin threshold for transfusion in coronary artery bypass procedures: effect on patient outcome. Transfusion. 1999 Oct;39(10):1070-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.1999.39101070.x.
• Background Fishbane S, Kowalski EA. The comparative safety of intravenous iron dextran, iron saccharate, and sodium ferric gluconate. Semin Dial. 2000 Nov-Dec;13(6):381-4. doi: 10.1046/j.1525-139x.2000.00104.x.
• Background Rohling RG, Zimmermann AP, Breymann C. Intravenous versus oral iron supplementation for preoperative stimulation of hemoglobin synthesis using recombinant human erythropoietin. J Hematother Stem Cell Res. 2000 Aug;9(4):497-500. doi: 10.1089/152581600419161.
• Background Madi-Jebara SN, Sleilaty GS, Achouh PE, Yazigi AG, Haddad FA, Hayek GM, Antakly MC, Jebara VA. Postoperative intravenous iron used alone or in combination with low-dose erythropoietin is not effective for correction of anemia after cardiac surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2004 Feb;18(1):59-63. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2003.10.012.
• Background Goodnough LT, Skikne B, Brugnara C. Erythropoietin, iron, and erythropoiesis. Blood. 2000 Aug 1;96(3):823-33.
• Background Andrews NC. Disorders of iron metabolism. N Engl J Med. 1999 Dec 23;341(26):1986-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199912233412607. No abstract available.
• Garrido-Martin P, Nassar-Mansur MI, de la Llana-Ducros R, Virgos-Aller TM, Rodriguez Fortunez PM, Avalos-Pinto R, Jimenez-Sosa A, Martinez-Sanz R. The effect of intravenous and oral iron administration on perioperative anaemia and transfusion requirements in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2012 Dec;15(6):1013-8. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivs344. Epub 2012 Aug 31.

Drugs

Indications