Effect of Aspirin, Hemodilution and Desmopressin on Platelet Dysfunction

Summary

Study hypothesis: Desmopressin (DDAVP) can improve platelet function under influence of aspirin, hemodilution and mild hypothermia Mild hypothermia (34-35oC) is known to cause platelet dysfunction. This could lead to increased surgical bleeding and increased transfusion requirement during surgery. Although this hypothermia-induced platelet dysfunction seems to be reversible with warming, this is not always possible or desirable. Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a drug which has proven efficacy in improving platelet function in uraemic and cirrhosis patients, and in reducing blood loss in selected surgeries. In a recent study, we have found that subcutaneous injection of 1.5 mcg (1/10th the usual dose) is already sufficient to fully reverse the platelet dysfunction seen at 32oC. We have demonstrated in another study that prolongation of the bleeding time in a 20% hemodiluted sample predicts increased postoperative bleeding after total knee replacement. We have therefore designed this study as a follow up to our last two studies on DDAVP and hypothermia, to investigate whether hemodilution affects hypothermia induced platelet dysfunction and the response to DDAVP. In addition, another common cause of perioperative platelet dysfunction is the intake of COX inhibitors, particularly aspirin by patients. Therefor the effect of aspirin on hypothermia induced platelet dysfunction and the response to DDAVP, will also be investigated.

Timeline

Start

2011-07

Primary completion

2012-07

Completion

2013-09

Publications

• Background Wolberg AS, Meng ZH, Monroe DM 3rd, Hoffman M. A systematic evaluation of the effect of temperature on coagulation enzyme activity and platelet function. J Trauma. 2004 Jun;56(6):1221-8. doi: 10.1097/01.ta.0000064328.97941.fc.
• Background Cavallini M, Baruffaldi Preis FW, Casati A. Effects of mild hypothermia on blood coagulation in patients undergoing elective plastic surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2005 Jul;116(1):316-21; discussion 322-3. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000170798.45679.7a.
• Background Michelson AD, Barnard MR, Khuri SF, Rohrer MJ, MacGregor H, Valeri CR. The effects of aspirin and hypothermia on platelet function in vivo. Br J Haematol. 1999 Jan;104(1):64-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01146.x.
• Background Hofer CK, Worn M, Tavakoli R, Sander L, Maloigne M, Klaghofer R, Zollinger A. Influence of body core temperature on blood loss and transfusion requirements during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a comparison of 3 warming systems. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005 Apr;129(4):838-43. doi: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2004.07.002.
• Background Schmied H, Kurz A, Sessler DI, Kozek S, Reiter A. Mild hypothermia increases blood loss and transfusion requirements during total hip arthroplasty. Lancet. 1996 Feb 3;347(8997):289-92. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90466-3.
• Background Winkler M, Akca O, Birkenberg B, Hetz H, Scheck T, Arkilic CF, Kabon B, Marker E, Grubl A, Czepan R, Greher M, Goll V, Gottsauner-Wolf F, Kurz A, Sessler DI. Aggressive warming reduces blood loss during hip arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 2000 Oct;91(4):978-84. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200010000-00039.
• Background Schmied H, Schiferer A, Sessler DI, Meznik C. The effects of red-cell scavenging, hemodilution, and active warming on allogenic blood requirements in patients undergoing hip or knee arthroplasty. Anesth Analg. 1998 Feb;86(2):387-91. doi: 10.1097/00000539-199802000-00032.
• Background Todd MM, Hindman BJ, Clarke WR, Torner JC; Intraoperative Hypothermia for Aneurysm Surgery Trial (IHAST) Investigators. Mild intraoperative hypothermia during surgery for intracranial aneurysm. N Engl J Med. 2005 Jan 13;352(2):135-45. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040975.
• Background Ying CL, Tsang SF, Ng KF. The potential use of desmopressin to correct hypothermia-induced impairment of primary haemostasis--an in vitro study using PFA-100. Resuscitation. 2008 Jan;76(1):129-33. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2007.07.009. Epub 2007 Aug 21.
• Background Ng KF, Lawmin JC, Tsang SF, Tang WM, Chiu KY. Value of a single preoperative PFA-100 measurement in assessing the risk of bleeding in patients taking cyclooxygenase inhibitors and undergoing total knee replacement. Br J Anaesth. 2009 Jun;102(6):779-84. doi: 10.1093/bja/aep091. Epub 2009 May 2.
• Background Gallinaro L, Cattini MG, Sztukowska M, Padrini R, Sartorello F, Pontara E, Bertomoro A, Daidone V, Pagnan A, Casonato A. A shorter von Willebrand factor survival in O blood group subjects explains how ABO determinants influence plasma von Willebrand factor. Blood. 2008 Apr 1;111(7):3540-5. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-11-122945. Epub 2008 Feb 1.
• Background Mannucci PM, Capoferri C, Canciani MT. Plasma levels of von Willebrand factor regulate ADAMTS-13, its major cleaving protease. Br J Haematol. 2004 Jul;126(2):213-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2004.05009.x.
• Tsui PY, Cheung CW, Lee Y, Leung SW, Ng KF. The effectiveness of low-dose desmopressin in improving hypothermia-induced impairment of primary haemostasis under influence of aspirin - a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2015 May 28;15:80. doi: 10.1186/s12871-015-0061-5.

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