Verapamil as Therapy for Children and Young Adults With Dravet Syndrome

Summary

This study will assess how well the drug verapamil can improve control of seizures and dysautonomia symptoms in children and young adults diagnosed with Dravet syndrome. The safety of verapamil when given with all concomitant medications will also be assessed.

Timeline

Start

2012-04

Primary completion

2015-01

Completion

2015-01

Publications

• Background Skluzacek JV, Watts KP, Parsy O, Wical B, Camfield P. Dravet syndrome and parent associations: the IDEA League experience with comorbid conditions, mortality, management, adaptation, and grief. Epilepsia. 2011 Apr;52 Suppl 2:95-101. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03012.x.
• Background Delogu AB, Spinelli A, Battaglia D, Dravet C, De Nisco A, Saracino A, Romagnoli C, Lanza GA, Crea F. Electrical and autonomic cardiac function in patients with Dravet syndrome. Epilepsia. 2011 Apr;52 Suppl 2:55-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03003.x.
• Background Iannetti P, Parisi P, Spalice A, Ruggieri M, Zara F. Addition of verapamil in the treatment of severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy. Epilepsy Res. 2009 Jul;85(1):89-95. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.02.014. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
• Background Schwartz JB, Keefe DL, Kirsten E, Kates RE, Harrison DC. Prolongation of verapamil elimination kinetics during chronic oral administration. Am Heart J. 1982 Aug;104(2 Pt 1):198-203. doi: 10.1016/0002-8703(82)90192-2.
• Background Flynn JT, Pasko DA. Calcium channel blockers: pharmacology and place in therapy of pediatric hypertension. Pediatr Nephrol. 2000 Dec;15(3-4):302-16. doi: 10.1007/s004670000480.
• Background Porter CJ, Garson A Jr, Gillette PC. Verapamil: an effective calcium blocking agent for pediatric patients. Pediatrics. 1983 May;71(5):748-55.
• Background Sapire DW, O'Riordan AC, Black IF. Safety and efficacy of short- and long-term verapamil therapy in children with tachycardia. Am J Cardiol. 1981 Dec;48(6):1091-7. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(81)90325-8. No abstract available.
• Background Lefrandt JD, Heitmann J, Sevre K, Castellano M, Hausberg M, Fallon M, Fluckiger L, Urbigkeit A, Rostrup M, Agabiti-Rosei E, Rahn KH, Murphy M, Zannad F, de Kam PJ, van Roon AM, Smit AJ. The effects of dihydropyridine and phenylalkylamine calcium antagonist classes on autonomic function in hypertension: the VAMPHYRE study. Am J Hypertens. 2001 Nov;14(11 Pt 1):1083-9. doi: 10.1016/s0895-7061(01)02218-x.
• Background Petretta M, Canonico V, Madrid A, Mickiewicz M, Spinelli L, Marciano F, Vetrano A, Signorini A, Bonaduce D. Comparison of verapamil versus felodipine on heart rate variability in hypertensive patients. J Hypertens. 1999 May;17(5):707-13. doi: 10.1097/00004872-199917050-00016.
• Background Forslund L, Bjorkander I, Ericson M, Held C, Kahan T, Rehnqvist N, Hjemdahl P. Prognostic implications of autonomic function assessed by analyses of catecholamines and heart rate variability in stable angina pectoris. Heart. 2002 May;87(5):415-22. doi: 10.1136/heart.87.5.415.
• Background May A, Leone M, Afra J, Linde M, Sandor PS, Evers S, Goadsby PJ; EFNS Task Force. EFNS guidelines on the treatment of cluster headache and other trigeminal-autonomic cephalalgias. Eur J Neurol. 2006 Oct;13(10):1066-77. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01566.x.
• Background Lampl C. Childhood-onset cluster headache. Pediatr Neurol. 2002 Aug;27(2):138-40. doi: 10.1016/s0887-8994(02)00406-x.
• Background Mukherjee S, Tripathi M, Chandra PS, Yadav R, Choudhary N, Sagar R, Bhore R, Pandey RM, Deepak KK. Cardiovascular autonomic functions in well-controlled and intractable partial epilepsies. Epilepsy Res. 2009 Aug;85(2-3):261-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.03.021. Epub 2009 May 5.
• Background Ferri R, Curzi-Dascalova L, Arzimanoglou A, Bourgeois M, Beaud C, Nunes ML, Elia M, Musumeci SA, Tripodi M. Heart rate variability during sleep in children with partial epilepsy. J Sleep Res. 2002 Jun;11(2):153-60. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2869.2002.00283.x.
• Background Yang TF, Wong TT, Chang KP, Kwan SY, Kuo WY, Lee YC, Kuo TB. Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability in children with epilepsy. Childs Nerv Syst. 2001 Oct;17(10):602-6. doi: 10.1007/s003810100505.
• Background Chiron C, Marchand MC, Tran A, Rey E, d'Athis P, Vincent J, Dulac O, Pons G. Stiripentol in severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy: a randomised placebo-controlled syndrome-dedicated trial. STICLO study group. Lancet. 2000 Nov 11;356(9242):1638-42. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(00)03157-3.
• Background Inoue Y, Ohtsuka Y, Oguni H, Tohyama J, Baba H, Fukushima K, Ohtani H, Takahashi Y, Ikeda S. Stiripentol open study in Japanese patients with Dravet syndrome. Epilepsia. 2009 Nov;50(11):2362-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02179.x. Epub 2009 Jun 22.
• Background Motte J, Trevathan E, Arvidsson JF, Barrera MN, Mullens EL, Manasco P. Lamotrigine for generalized seizures associated with the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Lamictal Lennox-Gastaut Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1997 Dec 18;337(25):1807-12. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199712183372504.
• Background Neels HM, Sierens AC, Naelaerts K, Scharpe SL, Hatfield GM, Lambert WE. Therapeutic drug monitoring of old and newer anti-epileptic drugs. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004;42(11):1228-55. doi: 10.1515/CCLM.2004.245.
• Background Brogden RN, Heel RC, Speight TM, Avery GS. Clobazam: a review of its pharmacological properties and therapeutic use in anxiety. Drugs. 1980 Sep;20(3):161-78. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198020030-00001.
• Background Greenblatt DJ, Divoll M, Puri SK, Ho I, Zinny MA, Shader RI. Clobazam kinetics in the elderly. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1981 Nov;12(5):631-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1981.tb01281.x.
• Background Giraud C, Tran A, Rey E, Vincent J, Treluyer JM, Pons G. In vitro characterization of clobazam metabolism by recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes: importance of CYP2C19. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Nov;32(11):1279-86.
• Background Jawad S, Richens A, Oxley J. Single dose pharmacokinetic study of clobazam in normal volunteers and epileptic patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1984 Dec;18(6):873-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1984.tb02558.x.
• Background Giraud C, Treluyer JM, Rey E, Chiron C, Vincent J, Pons G, Tran A. In vitro and in vivo inhibitory effect of stiripentol on clobazam metabolism. Drug Metab Dispos. 2006 Apr;34(4):608-11. doi: 10.1124/dmd.105.007237. Epub 2006 Jan 13.
• Background Contin M, Riva R, Albani F, Baruzzi AA. Effect of felbamate on clobazam and its metabolite kinetics in patients with epilepsy. Ther Drug Monit. 1999 Dec;21(6):604-8. doi: 10.1097/00007691-199912000-00004.
• Background Backman JT, Olkkola KT, Aranko K, Himberg JJ, Neuvonen PJ. Dose of midazolam should be reduced during diltiazem and verapamil treatments. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Mar;37(3):221-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1994.tb04266.x.
• Background Fleishaker JC, Sisson TA, Carel BJ, Azie NE. Pharmacokinetic interaction between verapamil and almotriptan in healthy volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2000 May;67(5):498-503. doi: 10.1067/mcp.2000.106292.
• Background Kantola T, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Erythromycin and verapamil considerably increase serum simvastatin and simvastatin acid concentrations. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Aug;64(2):177-82. doi: 10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90151-5.
• Background Lamberg TS, Kivisto KT, Neuvonen PJ. Effects of verapamil and diltiazem on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of buspirone. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Jun;63(6):640-5. doi: 10.1016/S0009-9236(98)90087-X.
• Background Renton KW. Inhibition of hepatic microsomal drug metabolism by the calcium channel blockers diltiazem and verapamil. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Jul 15;34(14):2549-53. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(85)90541-6.
• Background Wang YH, Jones DR, Hall SD. Prediction of cytochrome P450 3A inhibition by verapamil enantiomers and their metabolites. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 Feb;32(2):259-66. doi: 10.1124/dmd.32.2.259.
• Background Edwards DJ, Lavoie R, Beckman H, Blevins R, Rubenfire M. The effect of coadministration of verapamil on the pharmacokinetics and metabolism of quinidine. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1987 Jan;41(1):68-73. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1987.11.
• Background Abernethy DR, Egan JM, Dickinson TH, Carrum G. Substrate-selective inhibition by verapamil and diltiazem: differential disposition of antipyrine and theophylline in humans. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 Mar;244(3):994-9.
• Background Sirmans SM, Pieper JA, Lalonde RL, Smith DG, Self TH. Effect of calcium channel blockers on theophylline disposition. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1988 Jul;44(1):29-34. doi: 10.1038/clpt.1988.108.
• Background Stringer KA, Mallet J, Clarke M, Lindenfeld JA. The effect of three different oral doses of verapamil on the disposition of theophylline. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1992;43(1):35-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02280751.
• Background Allen LV Jr, Erickson MA 3rd. Stability of labetalol hydrochloride, metoprolol tartrate, verapamil hydrochloride, and spironolactone with hydrochlorothiazide in extemporaneously compounded oral liquids. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 1996 Oct 1;53(19):2304-9. doi: 10.1093/ajhp/53.19.2304.

Drugs

Indications